Changes for page Lynbrook Shah Aff
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... ... @@ -1,0 +1,52 @@ 1 +Analytic 2 +Second, all non-consequentialist theories collapse to consequentialism. Two warrants - first, since real-world acts never contain the certainty necessary for absolute obligations, and second since inaction fails to resolve moral dilemmas. Peterson 10 3 +Peterson 10 “A Royal Road to Consequentialism?” Martin Peterson (Section for Philosophy and Ethics, Eindhoven University of Technology). Ethic Theory Moral Prac (2010) 13:153–169 4 +Briefly put, the …cardinal utility scale. 5 +Third, psychological evidence proves we don’t identify with our future selves. Continuous personal identity doesn’t exist. 6 +Opar 14 (Alisa Opar is the articles editor at Audubon magazine; cites Hal Hershfield, an assistant professor at New York University’s Stern School of Business; and Emily Pronin, a psychologist at Princeton) “Why We Procrastinate” Nautilus January 2014 7 +The British philosopher ….might be you. 8 +Analytic 9 +If there’s even a risk of ethical uncertainty, we should always prioritize the survival of the human race to ensure future value. Bostrom 12 10 +Nick Bostrom. Faculty of Philosophy and Oxford Martin School University of Oxford. “Existential Risk Prevention as Global Priority.” Global Policy (2012) 11 +These reflections on… any existential catastrophe. 12 +The standard is minimizing existential risk 13 +Plan Text: The Kingdom of Belgium should prohibit the production of nuclear energy by phasing out all functioning nuclear reactors now. Becker 3/24 14 +Oda Becker 3-24-2016, "German nuclear plants are vulnerable to terrorist attacks – study," RT International, https://www.rt.com/news/337092-german-nuclear-plants-terrorists/ 15 +The recent news … European nuclear plants. 16 + 17 +Belgium will shut down its reactors in 2025 – means DAs are non-unique. 18 +Green 15 (Jim Green, 19/03/2015, "Belgium and the END of nuclear power," No Publication, https://www.wiseinternational.org/nuclear-monitor/800/belgium-and-end-nuclear-power) 19 +Belgium's seven reactors … for 50 years. 20 +Advantage 1 is Meltdowns 21 +Belgium reactors are uniquely dangerous – newly discovered crack findings solidify a global threat of worldwide meltdowns. Means Belgium is the only way to prevent global collapse of nuclear energy 22 +Urlich 2/7 Kendra Urlich, Greenpeace International, 2/7/15, "Thousands of cracks in Belgian reactors, potentially a global nuclear problem," http://www.greenpeace.org/international/en/news/Blogs/nuclear-reaction/cracks-in-belgian-nuclear-reactors/blog/52139/ AP 23 +Thousands of cracks … nuclear safety problem. 24 +Decommissioned Belgium helps solve future global meltdowns in the nuclear industry 25 +Urlich 2/7 Kendra Urlich, Greenpeace International, 2/7/15, "Thousands of cracks in Belgian reactors, potentially a global nuclear problem," http://www.greenpeace.org/international/en/news/Blogs/nuclear-reaction/cracks-in-belgian-nuclear-reactors/blog/52139/ AP 26 +Rregulator, The Federal …nuclear safety problem. 27 + 28 +Solves contamination- global contamination will be uncontainable and culminate in extinction. Lendman ‘11 29 +Stephen Lendman, “Nuclear Meltdown in Japan”. The People’s Voice, March 13, 2011. (http://www.thepeoplesvoice.org/TPV3/Voices.php/2011/03/13/nuclear-meltdown-in-japan. 30 +"As a physician, , and technology industries 31 +Solving meltdowns turns environment - That's also key to biodiversity. 32 +Stapleton 9 - Richard M Stapleton Is the author of books such as Lead Is a Silent Hazard, writes for pollution issues (“Disasters: Nuclear Accidents” http://www.pollutionissues.com/Co-Ea/Disasters-Nuclear-Accidents.html) LADI 33 +Of all the …bone marrow cells. 34 +There’s no shift – Belgium has unlimited offshore wind energy to power its electricity. Proven that within the decade they’ll be almost 100 dependent on clean energy 35 +Greenpeace 12/2 Feature Story, 12-02-02, "Belgium gets out of nuclear power," Greenpeace International, http://www.greenpeace.org/international/en/news/features/belgium-gets-out-of-nuclear-po/ AP 36 +Currently only Finland h…enter into force. 37 + 38 +Advantage 2 is Terror 39 +Belgium’s nuclear reactors vulnerable to cyber attacks – must solve NOW – recent terror attacks means it’s on the brink 40 +AFP 3/26 (AFP, 3-26-2016, "Belgium's Nuclear Plants Face Threat of Cyber-attack: EU Counter-terror Chief," No Publication, http://www.securityweek.com/belgiums-nuclear-plants-face-threat-cyber-attack-eu-counter-terror-chief) 41 +Belgium's network of … and Paris attacks. 42 +Risk of terrorist nuclear acquisition from Belgium reactors high 43 +Cirincione 4/1 (Joe Cirincione, 4/1/16, "Opinion: Nuclear terrorism threat very real," CNN, http://edition.cnn.com/2016/04/01/opinions/nuclear-terrorism-threat-cirincione/index.html?eref=edition) 44 +Nuclear policy experts … our threats are. 45 +Terrorism causes extinction – defense mechanisms don’t check and a nuclear response is automated. Barret et al 13 46 +Barrett et al 13—PhD in Engineering and Public Policy from Carnegie Mellon University, Fellow in the RAND Stanton Nuclear Security Fellows Program, and Director of Research at Global Catastrophic Risk Institute—AND Seth Baum, PhD in Geography from Pennsylvania State University, Research Scientist at the Blue Marble Space Institute of Science, and Executive Director of Global Catastrophic Risk Institute—AND Kelly Hostetler, BS in Political Science from Columbia and Research Assistant at Global Catastrophic Risk Institute (Anthony, 24 June 2013, “Analyzing and Reducing the Risks of Inadvertent Nuclear War Between the United States and Russia,” Science and Global Security: The Technical Basis for Arms Control, Disarmament, and Nonproliferation Initiatives, Volume 21, Issue 2, Taylor and Francis) 47 +War involving significant … events as attacks. 16 48 +Nuclear terrorism causes extinction – independent of retaliation 49 +Owen B. Toon 7, chair of the Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences at CU-Boulder, et al., April 19, 2007, “Atmospheric effects and societal consequences of regional scale nuclear conflicts and acts of individual nuclear terrorism,” 50 +To an increasing … and physical outcomes. 51 + 52 +FW - Util - minimizing existential risk - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +SEPTOCT - Belgium 1AC - Tournament
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... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +Loyola