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Caselist.RoundClass[0]

EntryDate

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1		-2016-09-17 18:04:50.618
	1	+2016-09-17 18:04:50.0

Caselist.CitesClass[0]

Cites

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	1	+=Nuclear Colonialism =
	2	+
	3	+
	4	+==1AC==
	5	+
	6	+===Links===
	7	+
	8	+====The United States has taken control of the native populations and has taken their land. The dumping of waste upon native land is a new form of colonialism. It is neocolonialism, which has ravaged the Native Nations. ====
	9	+
	10	+====Colonized and indigenous people have borne the brunt of this nuclear devastation ====
	11	+**nuclearfiles.org 1998 Advisory council of five college professors **(Professor Richard Falk, Princeton University, Dr. Frank Settle, Washington and Lee University,Dr. Michael Wallace, University of British Columbia, Dr. Tom Whaley, Washington and Lee University, Dr. Lawrence S. Wittner, State University of New York, Albany, http://www.nuclearfiles.org/menu/about-us/about-nuclear-files.htm, an Philips, MD, Project Ploughshares, W. Alton Jones Foundation, The John Merck Fund, Ploughshares Fund, The Simons Foundation, "Nuclear Colonialism", Web. L.A.)
	12	+Distinguished members of the NPT review panel, I am thankful for this opportunity to
	13	+AND
	14	+their communities must be the basis of state relations in the coming millennium.
	15	+
	16	+**====Native Americans are targeted with the worst forms of pollution Bullard and Johnson ~'09====**
	17	+Robert D. and Glenn S., "Environmental Justice: Grassroots Activism and Its Impact on Public Policy Decision Making," Environmental Sociology: from Analysis to Action, Second Edition, p.62-63, accessed 7-10-09, LA)
	18	+There is a direct correlation between exploitation of land and exploitation of people. It
	19	+AND
	20	+1992) adopted a resolution of "No nuclear waste on Indian lands."
	21	+
	22	+===Impacts===
	23	+
	24	+====Nuclear Colonialism leads to the Genocide of Natives**Endres ~'09====**
	25	+~~Danielle, "The Rhetoric of Nuclear Colonialism:Rhetorical Exclusion of AmericanIndian Arguments in the YuccaMountain Nuclear Waste SitingDecision," Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies, Vol. 6, No. 1, March 2009, p. 41 LA~~
	26	+Before attending to the rhetorical nature of nuclear colonialism, it is important to emphasize
	27	+AND
	28	+there have been at least 450 reported cancer deaths among Navajo mining employees.
	29	+
	30	+====This Genocide is the root cause of violence and racism Street, ~'04====
	31	+~~"Those Who Deny the Crimes of the Past Reflections on American Racist Atrocity Denial, 1776-2004,http://thereitis.org/displayarticle242.html~~
	32	+It is especially important to appreciate the significance of the vicious, often explicitly genocidal
	33	+AND
	34	+future as long as they retain the means and motive to do so.
	35	+
	36	+
	37	+====This disregard of Native values creates nuclear sacrifice zones **Kuletz**, **98====**
	38	+~~Valerie, The Tainted Desert: Environmental Ruin in the American West, pg. 12-13, LA~~
	39	+In this Indian country two landscapes – Indian and nuclear – meet at nearly every
	40	+AND
	41	+geography where spiritual and cultural life are woven directly into the landscape itself.
	42	+
	43	+
	44	+===ROB===
	45	+
	46	+====The ROB is to vote for the debater who best rejects nuclear colonialism this is a priori it is key to ending genocide **Wilderson~'03====**
	47	+(Frank B. III "Chapter One: The Ruse of Analogy" Red, White, 26 Black: Cinema and the Structure of U.S. Antagonisms,)
	48	+Again, if Accumulation and Fungibility are the modalities through which embodied Blackness is positioned
	49	+AND
	50	+nigger." One can reassert one~'s Humanity by refusing the ruse of analogy.
	51	+
	52	+====And debate has been colonized we have to challenge colonial practices in debate this allows us to see the spirituality of natives **Wane, et. al 9====**
	53	+(NjokiNathani Wane is the Special Adviser on Status of Women at University of Toronto as Co-Director of Centre for Integrative Anti-Racist Research Studies. ¶ Anne Wagner (featured left) is a professor of Modern and Contemporary ¶ Art at UC-Berkeley. RiyadShahjahan is an educational administrator at ¶ Michigan State University. "Rekindling the Sacred: Toward a ¶ Decolonizing Pedagogy in Higher Education" Journal of Thought, ¶ Spring-Summer 2009
	54	+We use a critical anti-colonial discursive framework(Dei 26 As-ghazadesh
	55	+AND
	56	+an important entry point for theorizing issues of spirituality (seeGraveline, 1998).
	57	+
	58	+
	59	+===Advocacy ===
	60	+The United States ought to prohibit the production of nuclear power, as the first step in resisting nuclear colonialism.
	61	+
	62	+===Solvency ===
	63	+
	64	+====Prohibiting the production of nuclear power opens up nuclear communication criticisms. We must disassociate the connection between nuclear production and national interests. Those national interests are key to policies with disregard indigenous communities. **Endres**2====
	65	+~~Danielle, "The Rhetoric of Nuclear Colonialism:Rhetorical Exclusion of AmericanIndian Arguments in the YuccaMountain Nuclear Waste SitingDecision," Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies, Vol. 6, No. 1, March 2009, p. 44-46~~
	66	+Indigenous resistance over the years has created cracks in the system of resource colonialism,
	67	+AND
	68	+entities whose national interest may not include storing nuclear waste on their land.
	69	+
	70	+====The focus on technical, technocratic arguments ignores value based arguments in favor of scientific arguments. The focus on the scientific approaches rejects marginalized value systems. **Endres**12====
	71	+~~Danielle, "Sacred Land or National Sacrifice Zone: The Role of Values in the Yucca Mountain Participation Process", Process, Environmental Communication: A Journal of Nature and Culture, 6:3, 328-345, LA~~
	72	+Despite this progress, flaws remain in many currently used processes of participation (Depoe
	73	+AND
	74	+-based claims, which formed a significant stasis point in the controversy.
	75	+
	76	+==UV ==
	77	+
	78	+====Theory is strategic silence this is just a form of exclusion ====
	79	+**Endres 3**
	80	+Endres, Danielle(2009)~'The Rhetoric of Nuclear Colonialism: Rhetorical Exclusion of American Indian Arguments in the Yucca Mountain Nuclear Waste Siting Decision~',Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies,6:1,39 — 60~~Premier~~
	81	+Strategic Silence In addition to outlining a decision calculus that shifts the burden of proof
	82	+AND
	83	+Indian argumentsregarding treaty rightsand the necessity of government-to-government consultation.
	84	+
	85	+====Aff RVIS====
	86	+Aff RVIs: 1) checks uplayering strategies in which theory is simply run to put another layer on the field. 2) Time skew: they can read an NC and theory, but I can~'t generate offense on theory until the 1AR theory, which means 6 minutes less to develop. 3) Brute force: they can brute force any issue in the NR with 6 to my 3, which is especially pronounced on theory which is heavy line-by-lining.
	87	+
	88	+
	89	+==Extensions==
	90	+
	91	+
	92	+===Extend the AC as a whole ===
	93	+
	94	+Extend the AC as a whole. The ROB of the round is
	95	+
	96	+Extend Nuclear Files 98: Colonized and indigenous people suffer from nuclear devastation because across the globe nuclear companies deny sovereignty and force dumping on them. Impact: Indigenous focus is key, by engaging with native history we challenge the colonization tied to it
	97	+
	98	+Extend Bullard and Johnson 9: Native Americans are targeted with the worst forms of pollution because the nuclear waste buried in their land causes death and cancer to proliferate throughout the community. Impact: This is genocide of the Native people the US only looks to abuse the economic state of Natives for their own benefit
	99	+
	100	+Extend Endres 09: The mining of uranium has led to the deaths of hundreds of Natives this is genocide towards the natives only for the benefit of the US
	101	+
	102	+Extend Street 04: These genocidal acts are at the root of racism and violence these violent acts towards natives set the foundation for our butchery at other countries our denial of these acts and the means to commit these acts causes us to repeat our offences elsewhere
	103	+
	104	+ExtendKuletz 98: The only lands being considered for waste storage are on Native lands this is environmental racism this creates nuclear sacrifice zones where their sacred lands are seen as expendable
	105	+
	106	+Extend Wilderson 03 The ROB is to go to rejecting nuclearism this is a priori and key to ending genocide Natives are seen as savages and ontologically incapable due to their liminal and genocided status
	107	+
	108	+Extend wane et al 9: Debate has been colonized we need to take anti colonial discursive frameworks and become aware of other ways of knowing the world. We must begin to focus on spirituality issues to take way the institutionalized power of the privileged
	109	+
	110	+Extend The second Endres 09 criticizing these nuclear production issues creates cracks in the colonialism the justification of national sacrifice only proves the colonialist mindset of the US criticism is key
	111	+
	112	+Extend Endres 12: focus on scientific and technical arguments only relegate the native values to realms that are already marginalized
	113	+
	114	+
	115	+===AT Theory ===
	116	+
	117	+
	118	+====T and Theory are forms of censorship. It attacks the credibility and excludes them from the public debate by excluding arguments and voices. Butler 1.====
	119	+Butler, Judith "Precarious Life" Preface.
	120	+Dissent and debate depend upon the inclusion of those who maintain critical views of state
	121	+AND
	122	+what is speakable and what is livablealso functions as an instrument of censorship.
	123	+
	124	+
	125	+====2. Excluding voices in this debate round leads to dehumanization in the real world. We deem the lives of the oppressed as unimportant. This happens in round. Butler 3,====
	126	+Butler, Judith "Precarious Life" p. 34-35.
	127	+How do we understand this derealization? It is one thing to argue that first
	128	+AND
	129	+those deaths in the media? Are there names attached to those children?
	130	+
	131	+
	132	+
	133	+
	134	+
	135	+**===AT Research CP ===**
	136	+
	137	+**====Historically scientific efforts of nuclear testing have cost the lives of natives ====**
	138	+**Green 7 **
	139	+**~~Jim; "**RADIOACTIVE RACISM IN AUSTRALIA"; Jim Green Friends of the Earth; Australia; February 2007; http://www.foe.org.au/anti-nuclear/issues/oz/racism. Accessed August 8 2016~~
	140	+Racism and atomic testing have gone hand in hand since 1945. Examples include US
	141	+AND
	142	+"minor" tests. The twelve major nuclear tests were as follows:
	143	+Operation Hurricane (Monte Bello Islands, Western Australia)* 3 October, 1952 -
	144	+AND
	145	+plutonium ~'Taranaki~' - 9 October, 1957 - 26.6 kilotons - plutonium
	146	+The general attitude of white settlers towards Aborigines was profoundly racist; Aboriginal society was considered one of the lowest forms of civilisation and doomed to extinction. Their land was considered empty and available for exploitation - ~'terra nullius~'. The British nuclear testing program was carried out with the full support of the Australian government. Permission was not sought for the tests from affected Aboriginal groups such as the Pitjantjatjara, Tjarutja and Kokatha.
	147	+
	148	+
	149	+===AT African Econ DA (Mining)===
	150	+Aff doesn~'t link
	151	+
	152	+
	153	+===AT PLTX===
	154	+
	155	+====There is a rapid shifting opposition to nuclear power it is shifting further to a negative look on nuclear power====
	156	+http://www.gallup.com/poll/190064/first-time-majority-oppose-nuclear-energy.aspx
	157	+For the first time since Gallup first asked the question in 1994, a majority of Americans say they oppose nuclear energy. The 54 opposing it is up significantly from 43 a year ago, while the 44 who favor using nuclear energy is down from 51.
	158	+
	159	+
	160	+===AT Desal===
	161	+
	162	+====Nuclear power produces no net energy—the difficulty of uranium extraction means CO2 emissions are the same====
	163	+**Caldicott 6** ~~Helen; Founder and President of the Nuclear Policy Research Institute; "Nuclear Power is not the answer"; ~~Premier~~
	164	+While currently the creation of nuclear electricity emits only one-third the amount of
	165	+AND
	166	+curies of radioactive gases and other radioactive elements into the environment every year.
	167	+
	168	+
	169	+====Nuclear Power is not key there are other methods====
	170	+**Charcosset 08**
	171	+(Catherine, Works on membrane and membrane processes, such as the characterization of
	172	+AND
	173	+March 31st, 2008, pdf. p. 215-218)//ACT
	174	+The cost of solar thermal MD was evaluated by several authors. Martínez and Florído
	175	+AND
	176	+, hybrid solar PV-wind, or wave energy could be useful.
	177	+
	178	+
	179	+====Turn - Desalination shifts massive economic burden onto communities due to high energy costs====
	180	+**Pacific 6** (Pacific Institute, on-profit research institute created to provide independent research and policy analysis on issues of development, environment, and security, 6/27/06, "California Needs to Move Cautiously on Desalination", http://pacinst.org/news/california-needs-to-move-cautiously-on-desalination/, aps)
	181	+Economic, Environmental, and Social Costs Still Outweigh Technological GainsJune 27, 2006,
	182	+AND
	183	+, and national laws do not sufficiently protect our communities from costly mistakes."

EntryDate

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	1	+2016-09-17 18:04:53.649

Opponent

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	1	+West Ranch JW

ParentRound

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	1	+0

Round

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	1	+2

Team

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	1	+Loyola Wickham Aff

Title

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	1	+Nuclear Colonialism AC

Tournament

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	1	+Greenhill