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... ... @@ -1,54 +1,0 @@ 1 -=Court Clog DA= 2 - 3 - 4 -==UQ== 5 - 6 - 7 -====Qualified Immunity protects Police Officers from unjust persecution. Schwartz 13 ==== 8 -(Supreme Court Fortifies Qualified Immunity for Law Enforcement in Warrant Cases) 9 -http://digitalcommons.tourolaw.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1659andcontext=scholarlyworks 10 -Qualified immunity shields state and local law enforcement officers from personal monetary liability under § 11 -AND 12 -but the plainly incompetent or those who knowingly violate the law.'" 13 - 14 - 15 -====Qualified Immunity plays a pivotal role in crime deterrence and cost efficiency Rosen 05 ==== 16 -(A Qualified Defense: In Support of the Doctrine of Qualified Immunity in Excessive Force Cases, With Some Suggestions for its Improvement.Golden Gate University Law Review) 17 -http://digitalcommons.law.ggu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1899andcontext=ggulrev 18 -It is hard to deny that the more time police officers spend at trial defending 19 -AND 20 -qualified immunity can play in reducing unnecessary costs and in improving deterrence of crime 21 - 22 - 23 -==LINKS== 24 - 25 - 26 -**====Qualified Immunity limits frivolous lawsuits against the police, any limiting opens the flood gates for biblical levels of litigation Rosen 27 -** 28 -Michael M. Rosen, "A Qualified Defense: In Support of the Doctrine of Qualified Immunity in Excessive Force Cases, With Some Suggestions for its Improvement", Golden Gate University Law Review, Volume 35, issue 2, Article 2, p. 145-146 29 - 30 -In its amicus brief in support of the Saucier petitioner, NAPO addressed several concerns related to costs and deterrence.47 It began by asserting that officers currently face too many lawsuits related to their conduct, litigation that generally is resolved in their favor and therefore wastes taxpayer time and money! It pointed to an "ever increasing number of lawsuits against law enforcement officers" and the threat that increase poses to the general public interest.49 The increased threat of lawsuits, according to this argument, deters effective police performance, thereby diminishing public safety:o NAPO referred to Justice Scalia's assertion in Anderson v. Creighton5l that permitting frivolous lawsuits against law enforcement to go to trial "entails substantial social costs, including the risk that fear of personal monetary liability and harassing litigation will unduly inhibit officials in the discharge of their duties."·2 Several scholars echo NAPO's concerns. Richard Fallon and Daniel Meltzer describe the fears of the Supreme Court in Harlow v. Fitzgerald,53 explaining that such litigation works its evils by deterring officers through the threat of personal liability. Barbara Armacost notes that such liability begets poor law enforcement, which in turn harms the very people the officers are sworn to protect. 54 The chief of the Federal Bureau of Investigation Academy's Legal Instruction Unit echoes these sentiments. 55 Thus, at least in theory, the proliferation of lawsuits appears to involve serious risks to agents as well as the public.==== 31 - 32 - 33 -====In the Status Quo, the Supreme Court has already established precedent for Qualified Immunity, any more cases detracts from Juduicial power and increases court cases Callahan '16==== 34 -Mike Callahan, "Protecting cops from frivolous lawsuits: Qualified immunity, explained", Policeone.com, 04/29/2016 35 -The Supreme Court's decisions in Brosseau and Mullenix are significant for several reasons. First 36 -AND 37 -qualified immunity defense and use it to successfully defend their police officer clients. 38 - 39 - 40 -==Impact== 41 - 42 - 43 -====Increased court clog collapses the Federal Judiciary. Oakley '96:==== 44 -**The Myth of Cost-Free Jurisdictional Reallocation John B. Oakley Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 543, The Federal Role in Criminal Law (Jan., 1996), pp. 52-63 Published by: Sage Publications, Inc. in association with the American Academy of Political and Social Science Article Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1048447** 45 -Personal effects: The hidden costs of greater workloads. The hallmark of federal justice 46 -AND 47 -would raise the most serious questions of the future course of the nation. 48 - 49 - 50 -====Global rule of law consensus solves extinction – collapse turns the case and magnifies structural human rights abuses==== 51 -**Nagan 1** (RESEARCH SCHOLAR PROF U FLORIDA, LAWYER ROLES, IDENTITY, AND PROFESSIONAL RESPONSIBILITY, 13 FLA. J. INT'L L. 131) 52 -Lawyers may be critical "engineers" in the restructuring of command, corrupt and 53 -AND 54 -states, terrorists states, garrison states, authoritarian states, totalitarian states). - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,89 +1,0 @@ 1 -=Cap K = 2 - 3 - 4 -==Links== 5 - 6 - 7 -====The AFF's state-centered approach to politics is derived from a concept of sovereignty that no longer exists—power is centered entirely in capital, of which the state is merely another product ==== 8 -Lazzarato 13-sociologist and philosopher, Researcher @ Matisse / CNRS (Paris I University), member of the International College of Philosophy in Paris ~~Maurizio, "Governmentality in the current crisis," March, 2013, translation by Arianna Bove, lecture delivered in Berlin in 2013, http://www.generation-online.org/p/fp_lazzarato7.htm, DKP~~ 9 - 10 -Governmentality (of which liberals are nothing but one of the subjective modalities 11 -AND 12 -by capital, and governmentality works towards making them combine and cohere. 13 - 14 - 15 -====Belief in some true form of justice within the Court System is false, media representations of justice are used for capitalist consumption that distort our perception of the court. Wamp 15: ==== 16 -Wamp, Bailey Miller, "Spectacle, Consumer Capitalism, and the Hyperreality of the Mediated American Jury Trial: the French Perspective on O.J. Simpson, Casey Anthony, and Dominique Strauss-Kahn. " Master's Thesis, University of Tennessee, 2015. http://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/3418 BS 17 -Beyond depictions of the courtroom in cinema and small-screen drama, images of 18 -AND 19 -the "spectacular" impact of consumer capitalism on the pursuit of justice. 20 - 21 - 22 -====Court practices are consistently defined by a protection of ruling class interests – reforms lend legitimacy to a corrupt apparatus that has empirically refused any meaningful restraint on its power. ==== 23 -**Tigar, 14 ** 24 -(Michael, emeritus professor of the Duke Law School and American University, Washington College of Law, "The National Security State: The End of Separation of Powers," Monthly Review, 66:3, July/August, http://monthlyreview.org/2014/07/01/the-national-security-state/) 25 -No one could sensibly claim that these principles of transparency and accountability were uniformly applied 26 -AND 27 -conduct are hidden from public view. Let us examine these in turn. 28 - 29 - 30 -==Impacts== 31 - 32 - 33 -====Prefer the slow violence over big-stick impacts – cap produces suffering unrecognizable by traditional yardsticks of measurement Nixon 11 ==== 34 -(Rob Nixon, a Professor of English at University of Wisconsin at Madison; has a PhD from Columbia University "Slow Violence and the Environmentalism of the Poor", Published 2011, pages 65-67) 35 -Looking back at Chernobyl, Hiroshima, Nagasaki, and Bhopal, Petryna laments how 36 -AND 37 -a millennium ago, Lazaro recognized as "the sepulcher of oblivion."64 38 - 39 - 40 -==Framing== 41 - 42 - 43 -====The Role of the Ballot goes to whoever best proposes an anti-capitalist pedagogy, re-evaluating education tactics is the only way to end the anonymization of workers the capitalist mindset engrains==== 44 -**Zizek and Daly 04** 45 -~~Glyn. Lecturer in International Studies at the University College Northampton; Slavoj Zizek, world famous philosophy on psychoanalysis and capitalism; Conversations with Žižek. 14-19~~ 46 -For Žižek it is imperative that we cut through this Gordian knot of postmodern protocol 47 -AND 48 -political boutiquism that is readily sustained by postmodern forms of consumerism and lifestyle. 49 - 50 - 51 -==Alternative == 52 - 53 - 54 -====Voting negative refuses the affirmative in favor of Historical Materialist Pedagogy. International inequality is sutured by the unequal circulation of capital. Without revolutionary theory, there can be no revolutionary moment. Only starting from the structural antagonisms produced by wage labor can lead to transformative politics. ==== 55 -Ebert '9 ~~Teresa, Associate Professor of English, State University of New York at Albany, THE TASK OF CULTURAL CRITIQUE, pp. 92-95~~ 56 -Unlike these rewritings, which reaffirm in a somewhat new language the system of wage 57 -AND 58 -Instead, the pedagogy of critique is a worldly teaching of the worldly. 59 - 60 - 61 -==NR Overview== 62 -Explanation: Alt, ROB, Lack of Solvency on AC 63 -The alt examines how material affects movements, so that the anti-capitalist movement is able to coalesce and overthrow the ruling class and regain class consciousness. Without a base-up approach, all movements fail, including the aff. 64 -ROB goes to whoever best proposes an anti-capitalist pedagogical strategy. Before attempting to solve for cap, we must provide an anti-capitalist pedagogy, or else the anti-capitalist movement fails. The alt solves by removing the influence of material, ensuring that future movements are not co-opted by the bourgeois. 65 -The AC's solvency for cap fails for three reasons: 66 -1. Their top-down approach to solve for cap ensures co-option through the lack of addressing the influence of material. This creates false class-consciousness which is capitalist. Past failed revolutions prove, including USSR, China, Venezuela. 67 -2. Their solvency would be minimal, as by solving for cap within a hyper-specific area ensures that the capitalist nuclear industry would find another way to exert its influence and dehumanization. 68 -3. Their framing of the issue as "we can solve for this one issue solves for some capitalism" is capitalist, as it reduces the proposition of an ideology to a rejection of an instance. Prefer alt methodology because it removes such an inherent connection to the material and elevates the revolution to one of proposing a substitute ideology. 69 - 70 - 71 -==Extensions== 72 - 73 - 74 -====Alt==== 75 -Extend Ebert 9: Vote neg to endorse historical materialist pedagogy: The alt examines how material affects movements, so that the anti-capitalist movement is able to coalesce and overthrow the ruling class and regain class-consciousness. Without a base-up approach, all movements fail, including the aff. 76 - 77 - 78 -====ROB==== 79 -Extend Zizek and Daly 04: ROB goes to whoever best proposes an anti-capitalist pedagogical strategy. Before attempting to solve for cap, we must provide an anti-capitalist pedagogy, or else the anti-capitalist movement fails. The alt solves by removing the influence of material, ensuring that future movements are not co-opted by the bourgeois. 80 - 81 - 82 -====Impact Framing==== 83 -Extend Nixon 11: Evaluate structural violence and cap impacts before all other impacts: traditional yardsticks of measurement dehumanize and prevent change under a capitalist ideology. 84 -Extend Berry and Molina Moore 13: Class is a prior question to race: without addressing capitalism racism is unsolvable within the CJS. 85 - 86 - 87 -====Links==== 88 -Extend Wamp 15: The AC's belief in reforming the Criminal Justice System is capitalist- we must question our representations of justice before addressing justice itself. Media transforms CJS into a spectacle, capitalizing off of cases heard. Our entrenchment in capitalism is furthered. 89 -Extend Tigar 14: The AC's trust in the court as administrators of justice endorses the capitalist institution the United States CJS operates through. CJS historically proven to be capitalist. - EntryDate
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