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Cites

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1		-Dehumanization is the root cause of every other impact – prioritize it as the greatest impact in the round.
2		-Berube ‘97(David Berube, Ph.D. in Communications and Professor of Communication at South Carolina, "Nanotechnological Prolongevity: The Down Side", NanoTechnology Magazine, June/July 1997, p. 1-6, URL: http://www.cla.sc.edu/ENGL/faculty/berube/prolong.htm)
3		-This means-ends dispute … most powerful weapon.
4		-Critiquing everyday structural violence is key to combatting dehumanization – the system relies on ignorance to justify genocide. Dehumanization begins in our minds, driven by a securitizing fear of the "other" – police are thus celebrated as hero figures, not in spite of their anti-Black violence, but because of it. Exposing this system and creating a "call to alarm" is key to fight the structural genocide that is hidden in plain sight
5		-Scheper-Hughes and Bourgois ‘4, (Prof of Anthropology @ Cal-Berkely; Prof of Anthropology @ UPenn) (Nancy and Philippe, Introduction: Making Sense of Violence, in Violence in War and Peace, pg. 19-22)
6		-This large and … feelings of victimization.
7		-The Role of the Ballot is thus to vote for the team that best methodologically challenges structural violence. Prefer this for six reasons:
8		-1. Opposing structural violence and creating a “call to alarm” is key to resisting dehumanization within our own minds (that’s the Scheper-Hughes evidence) – this is a pre-fiat impact.
9		-2. We access the root-cause of all violence – alternative approaches are fighting a symptom.
10		-3. The Role of the Ballot outweighs in the post-fiat world because it is the best way to minimize dehumanization, which is the biggest impact.
11		-4. Structural violence is exponential, meaning that the terminal impact is huge and outweighs one-time events.
12		-5. We access a 100 probability of a high-magnitude impact, which outweighs any low-risk impact.
13		-6. Structural violence is happening now – we outweigh on timeframe.
14		-The Role of the Ballot is best achieved through the marriage of critical theory and concrete analysis – any attempt to address structural problems without this combination invariably fails
15		-Keohane ‘98 (Robert. “Beyond Dichotomy: Conversations Between International Relations and Feminist Theory", Duke University. International Studies Quarterly 42, 193-198. 1998. synergy.com/action/showPdf?submitPDF=Full+Text+PDF+2889+KB29anddoi=10.11112F0020-8833.00076.)
16		-The problem with … system without states.
17		-The Aff’s framework is thus key – we target the root cause of violence through the combination of critical theory and concrete analysis – this is the only effective starting point.
18		-
19		-C1 –Status Quo
20		-
21		-Police brutality is a form of structural violence based on the dehumanization of Black Americans.
22		-Ragland ‘16(David. "Michael Brown and America’s Structural Violence Epidemic." Common Dreams, 14 Aug. 2014, www.commondreams.org/views/2014/08/14/ michael-brown-and-americas-structural-violence-epidemic. Accessed 3 Nov. 2016. David Ragland is a visiting Assistant Professor of education at Bucknell University, board member for the Peace and Justice Association and United Nations representative for the International Peace Research Association.)
23		-I flew into … killed by or suffering from structural violence and its perpetuation of police brutality in America. We have to demand justice that restores our communities through listening, power sharing and mutual respect and moves us toward a cure for this national epidemic.
24		-
25		-This structural violence has created a biopolitical police state that we sustain through ignorance and a lack of accountability. This creates concrete conditions of suffering against which there is no defense.
26		-Whitehead ’16 (John W. "All The Ways You Can Comply And Still Die During An Encounter With Police." Huffington Post, 6 Oct. 20**16**, www.huffingtonpost.com/john-w-whitehead/ all-the-ways-you-can-comp'b'12320364.html. Accessed 5 Nov. 2016. John Whitehead is an attorney, president of The Rutherford Institute, and author of ‘Battlefield America’.)
27		-How do you … suspects and criminals?
28		-
29		-Empirical analysis proves that the primary cause of this violence is a lack of accountability.
30		-DOJ ’14 (United States Department of Justice. "United States Department of Justice" ~"Investigation of the Cleveland Division of Police"~~. US Department of Justice, 4 Dec. 20**14**, www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/crt/legacy/ 2014/12/04/cleveland'summary'12-4-14.pdf. Accessed 2 Nov. 2016.)
31		-Investigation of the … justify our finding.
32		-
33		-Lack of accountability can be attributed directly to qualified immunity – the term “clearly established” has created a condition of absolute immunity, destroying the only recourse against police brutality.
34		-Chen ’16 (Alan. "Qualified Immunity Limiting Access to Justice and Impeding Development Of The Law". Americanbar.org. N. p., 2016. Web. 1 Nov. 2016. Alan K. Chen is the William M. Beaney Memorial Research Chair and professor of law at the University of Denver Sturm College of Law, where he teaches courses in constitutional law, federal courts, and public interest law. An experienced civil rights litigator and former ACLU staff attorney, Professor Chen continues to do pro bono work in constitutional rights cases.)
35		-In 2003, the … becoming clearly established.
36		-The Supreme Court’s 2009 ruling in Pearson v. Callahan has made this problem infinitely regressive – it requires that there be legal precedent, but makes it impossible to establish that precedent.
37		-Chen ’16 (Alan. "Qualified Immunity Limiting Access to Justice and Impeding Development Of The Law". Americanbar.org. N. p., 2016. Web. 1 Nov. 2016. Alan K. Chen is the William M. Beaney Memorial Research Chair and professor of law at the University of Denver Sturm College of Law, where he teaches courses in constitutional law, federal courts, and public interest law. An experienced civil rights litigator and former ACLU staff attorney, Professor Chen continues to do pro bono work in constitutional rights cases.)
38		-Critics of qualified … denial of certiorari).
39		-The tipping point is now – limiting immunity is critical to stop an irreversible descent into a militarized police state where structural violence is inevitable.
40		-Whitehead ’16 (John. "Killer Instincts: When Police Become Judge, Jury And Executioner." Huffington Post, 11 Aug. 2016, www.huffingtonpost.com/ john-w-whitehead/killer-instincts-when-pol_b_11407458.html. Accessed 7 Nov. 2016.)
41		-Any police officer … the average citizen.
42		-Thus I affirm that the United States ought to limit qualified immunity for police officers. In the interest of a stable advocacy, I will defend the Supreme Court overturning the Pearson v. Callahan ruling and reinstating the precedent set by Saucier v. Katz.
43		-To clarify, this advocacy is a way of meeting the Role of the Ballot – by proposing real world solutions, we bring about concrete analysis of modes of structural violence that creates a starting point for real world action independent of post-fiat solvency, as indicated in both the Scheper-Hughes and Keohane evidence.
44		-C2 – Solvency
45		-Limiting immunity is key to creating accountability and fighting misconduct while maintaining a reasonability standard.
46		-Wright ’16 (Sam. "Want to Fight Police Misconduct? Reform Qualified Immunity". Above the Law. N. p., 2016. Web. 18 Oct. 2016. Abovethelaw.com is a law-based news website. Its reporters include lawyers, law clerks, celebrated authors, and leading legal scholars. Sam Wright is a public interests lawyer.)
47		-Under Arrest Recently…make it happen.
48		-Increased accountability solves – fosters trust, improves police performance, and reverses the “us-against-them” mentality that reproduces police violence through cycles of animosity.
49		-DOJ ’14 (United States Department of Justice. "United States Department of Justice" "Investigation of the Cleveland Division of Police". US Department of Justice, 4 Dec. 2014, www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/crt/legacy/ 2014/12/04/cleveland_summary_12-4-14.pdf. Accessed 2 Nov. 2016.)
50		-Finally, CDP’s failure … safely and effectively.
51		-This link turns any DA’s – we improve police performance and decrease the need for lawsuits.
52		-The Aff best meets the Role of the Ballot – the very act of questioning the system opens the door to real-world change.
53		-Glasser ’97 (Ira. "Fighting Police Abuse: A Community Action Manual". American Civil Liberties Union. 1997. Web. 7 Nov. 2016. Ira Glasser is the Executive Director of the American Civil Liberties Union.)
54		-Nonetheless, even one … in every city.

EntryDate

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1		-2016-11-29 02:17:43.0

Judge

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Opponent

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ParentRound

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Round

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Team

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1		-Logan Carter Aff

Title

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1		-Structural Violence AC

Tournament

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