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+====Value: Anti-oppression, as defined by protecting the rights of all humans.==== |
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+====Criterion: Minimizing Structural Violence. Minimizing structural violence is essential to reaching anti-oppression; our institutions are key perpetrators of violence upon marginalised groups.==== |
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+====We negate that the The United States ought to limit qualified immunity for police officers. To clarify, we don’t want any reforms to qualified immunity, we don’t even want to touch anything that deals with the Political. Berlant and Warren will give you reasons why. ==== |
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+====Cruel Optimism is the attachment to something that continually hurts us; It’s the want of x but x is what is keeping us from flourishing. We do this because it’s what is normal, because it is familiar. ==== |
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+Berlant 2006 (lauren, professor of literature at the university of chicago, “cruel optimism” in differences pg 24) |
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+In the introduction ... throughout this book. |
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+====And Cruel Optimism definitely applies to our relation with the Political. Dr. Warren says that The Political brainwashes us into a “Hopeful” cycle that repeatedly sustain anti-blackness. Dr. warren explains how the Political tells us to stay for that emancipation is soon to come but black bodies only then find recurring violence in their wake. We need to recognise this structural violence and fixing Qualified Immunity just further propagates the cycle. ==== |
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+Warren 2015 {Calvin, Assistant Professor of American Studies at George Washington University, “Black Nihilism and the Politics of Hope” p 30-31, We don´t advocate ablist lang} |
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+Throughout this essay ... political hope perpetuates. |
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+====The aff’s adherence to reforming Qualified Immunity further reinforces the cruel optimism towards the exclusive Political, therefore reifies the structural violence that the Political inflicts. ==== |
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+Berlant 2006 (lauren, professor of literature at the university of chicago, “cruel optimism” in differences pg 227) |
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+This is why ... of political depression. |
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+And my last card was lost, my bad. It was really in the same vein of above. |