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... ... @@ -1,44 +1,0 @@ 1 -T – Consequentialism 2 - 3 -Interpretation- The affirmative must defend act or rule util. 4 - 5 -Violation: His aff says “generic util turns do not apply” 6 - 7 -1. Ground 8 - 9 -A. Turn Ground- If only intent/phil based offense links to the standard then no negative ground links to the aff because they can always say that consequences don’t matter. Abstract ideals are incontestable goods- literature reviews that implementation difficulties are the only arguments to debate about 10 - 11 -B. Stable Ground- the 1AR can defend material consequences or defend intentions/philosophical implications of their affs against Ks, they can also skirt out of generic turns and DAs which also inherently prove that they are bad. 12 - 13 -Ground key to fairness- ensures both debaters have equal access to args 14 - 15 -2. Topic Literature 16 - 17 -Qualified immunity doesn't exist independent of empirical legislative decisions and police officer conduct- empirical actual focus is key 18 - 19 -TLR 4 2004 Texas Law Review "NOTE: The Paradox Of Qualified Immunity: How A Mechanical Application Of The Objective Legal Reasonableness 20 -Damage suits against government officials raise a number of competing interests. On the one hand, these suits deter unlawful conduct and offer the only realistic avenue for vindication of constitutional guarantees. 1 On the other hand, frivolous claims against government officials result in costs both to the defendants themselves and to society as a whole, including the expenses of litigation, the diversion of energy from pressing public matters, and the danger that fear of suit will dampen the ardor with which officials discharge their duties. 2 Qualified immunity is a judicially created doctrine designed to balance these competing interests. The primary purpose of qualified immunity is to shield government officials from "undue interference with their duties and from potentially disabling threats of liability." 3 A federal official may raise the affirmative defense of qualified immunity in response to a civil rights suit brought directly under the Constitution. 4 Likewise, a state or local official may interpose the defense when faced with a 1983 action. 5 Since qualified immunity constitutes an immunity from suit rather than a mere defense to liability, it protects government officials not only from the ordeal of protracted litigation, but also from the burdens of pretrial concerns. 6 Unlike absolute immunity, however, in theory qualified immunity does not provide officials absolute exemption from personal liability for unconstitutional conduct. 7 Rather, as its name suggests, qualified immunity was designed to protect government officials only in limited situations. 8 21 - 22 -Focused topic education outweighs 23 - 24 -A. Reading a framework and policy solves phil ground- our interpretation allows for negative frameworks to be read 25 - 26 -B. LD is a values debate isn’t responsive- 1. That commits the is-ought fallcy, just because it is a values debate, doesn't mean it ought to be, 2. That makes an empirical claim without an empirical warrant 27 - 28 -C. Timeframe- we have 2 months to discuss the topic- but we can always get phi led from other places 29 - 30 -D. Debate’s strategic incentives bastardize phil debate 31 -Nebel et Al 13 Teaching Philosophy 36:3, September 2013 271 Teaching Philosophy through Lincoln-Douglas Debate JACOB NEBEL Wolfson College, Oxford University RYAN W. DAVIS Harvard University PETER VAN ELSWYK Rutgers University BEN HOLGUIN New York University 32 -Another cause of poorly justified relativism and skepticism in LD debate comes from judge expectations 33 -AND 34 -inclined to accept a controversial philosophical view about morality for the wrong reasons. 35 - 36 -E. Phil debate creates unrealistic phil decisions 37 -Nebel et Al 13 Teaching Philosophy 36:3, September 2013 271 Teaching Philosophy through Lincoln-Douglas Debate JACOB NEBEL Wolfson College, Oxford University RYAN W. DAVIS Harvard University PETER VAN ELSWYK Rutgers University BEN HOLGUIN New York University 38 -The LD debate community is on the hyper-methodist end of the spectrum. 39 -AND 40 -Holocaust wasn’t morally wrong if the debater in question is defending moral nihilism. 41 - 42 -F. Comparitive ethics debates are useless- in the real world people argue how actions apply under ethics 43 - 44 -G. philosophy is structured in a way that it is responsive in one direction i.e. Hegel is written in response to Kant, but not vice versa, smart negs will pick responsive fw’s without ground against them, only util allows answers from both sides. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,67 +1,0 @@ 1 -Humans are grounded in material conditions that create all thought – trying to abstract from material reality (i.e, not defending consequentialist turns) is another link to the K. 2 - 3 -Eagleton 11 4 -Eagleton, Terry (Is a prominent British literary theorist, critic and public intellectual. He is currently Distinguished Professor of English Literature at Lancaster University). Why Marx was right. Yale University Press, 2011 5 -In this sense, Marx was more of an antiphilosopher than a philosopher. In 6 -AND 7 -can fall victim to the illusion that it is thought which creates reality. 8 - 9 -The affirmative’s legalistic approach to police violence brings us further away from recognizing the economic forces at work that makes police violence inevitable. Lane 7/21. 10 -Alycee Lane (Alycee J. Lane is a former professor who taught African American literature and culture at UC Santa Barbara.), 7-21-16 “Violence, Death and Our Neoliberal Police,” CounterPunch, http://www.counterpunch.org/2016/07/21/violence-death-and-our-neoliberal-police/ 11 -If what we are witnessing in these violent encounters with police is neoliberalism in action 12 -AND 13 -and training of police – that we absolutely have the power to change. 14 - 15 -Civil suits put an asking price on people’s suffering. 16 - 17 -Abel 81 18 -Richard L. Abel, Prof of Law @ UCLA, ’81 (British Journal of Law and Society 8:1, “A Critique of American Tort Law,” jstor) 19 -Finally, tort law responds to intangible injury by extending that fundamental concept of capitalism 20 -AND 21 -the compensation system is working well if anything, too well. 116 22 - 23 -Tort law commodifies suffering as loss of earning power – kills value to life. 24 - 25 - Abel 81 26 -Richard L. Abel, Prof of Law @ UCLA, ’81 (British Journal of Law and Society 8:1, “A Critique of American Tort Law,” jstor) 27 -Capitalism also shapes the experience of injury. First (and this enumeration is not 28 -AND 29 -, care, emotional and physical integrity, and ultimately love with money. 30 - 31 -Commodification is the worst impact under Levinas – we treat the other as equivilant to currency, which denies its value and opens it to infinite violence. 32 - 33 -This turns the aff – police violence is a direct result of neoliberalism. A failure to recognize that makes violence inevitable. 34 - 35 -Lane 7/21 36 -Alycee Lane (Alycee J. Lane is a former professor who taught African American literature and culture at UC Santa Barbara.), 7-21-16 “Violence, Death and Our Neoliberal Police,” CounterPunch, http://www.counterpunch.org/2016/07/21/violence-death-and-our-neoliberal-police/ 37 -If we examine through the prism of neoliberalism the killing of Philando Castile – that 38 -AND 39 -this was true as well for Officer Darren Wilson of Ferguson, Missouri. 40 - 41 -Lane outweighs the aff – we allow the other to be violently subjugated. 42 - 43 -Tort law and neolib’s commodification of life anonymizes suffering, which kills our ability to recognize the other. 44 - 45 -ZIZEK AND DALY 04 46 -Slavoj Zizek and Glyn Daly, Conversations with Zizek, 2004 page 14-16. 47 -For Zizek it is imperative that we cut through this Gordian knot of postmodern protocol 48 -AND 49 -) social antagonisms and to absorb them within a culture of differential affirmation. 50 - 51 -The alternative is an embrace of class-consciousness as a method of critiquing neoliberalism’s grip on policing. 52 - 53 -LaVenia 15 54 -Peter A. LaVenia PhD in Political Science from the University at Albany, SUNY. He is the Secretary of the NY State Green Party and manages Matt Funiciello’s campaign for Congress. JANUARY 16, 2015 “Police Behavior and Neoliberalism” http://www.counterpunch.org/2015/01/16/police-behavior-and-neoliberalism/ 55 -The cause of impotence on the part of elected officials even in the face of 56 -AND 57 -likely to see nothing but equivocation by local officials and big city mayors. 58 - 59 -The role of the judge is to be a critical analyst testing whether the underlying assumptions of the AFF are valid. This is a question of the whether the AFF scholarship is good – not the passage of the plan. 60 - 61 -Neoliberalism sustains itself by operating by propagating a narrow lens of what it means to be ‘political.’ We situate the judge as a critical educator who steps back to evaluate the frames through which we view policy first. Reps prior. 62 - 63 -Blalock, 2015 64 -(Corinne (Graduate Student. Studies Critical Theory, Legal Theory, and Law, has a JD), “NEOLIBERALISM AND THE CRISIS OF LEGAL THEORY”, Duke University, LAW AND CONTEMPORARY PROBLEMS Vol. 77:71) 65 -RECOVERING LEGAL THEORY’S RELEVANCE? The lens of neoliberalism not only allows one to see 66 -AND 67 -they are in a world that constantly insists that there is no alternative. - EntryDate
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