Changes for page Lexington Balachundhar Aff
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on 2016/11/11 22:57
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... ... @@ -1,86 +1,0 @@ 1 -=1AC= 2 - 3 - 4 -===Framing=== 5 - 6 - 7 -====1. Debate should deal with questions of real-world consequences—ideal theories ignore the concrete nature of the world and legitimize oppression.==== 8 -Curry 14** ~~Dr. Tommy J. Curry 14, "The Cost of a Thing: A Kingian Reformulation of a Living Wage Argument in the 21st Century", Victory Briefs, 2014, BE~~** 9 -Despite the pronouncement of debate as an activity and intellectual exercise pointing to the real 10 -AND 11 -used to currently justify the living wages in under our contemporary moral parameters. 12 - 13 -Our different upbringings as children bias us to value different things, objective moral standards do not exist, instead we must be pluralist. ==== 14 -**we should recognize the plurality of view for other people. Objective standards don’t exist and you shouldn't be able to perpetuate one notion of identity. ** 15 -**Causal forces takes out ideal theory because you must be informed of the empirical of ** 16 -**AND** 17 -relations (of. May, 1987, pp. 22-23). 18 - 19 - 20 -====4. Global justice requires a reduction in inequality and a focus on material rights.==== 21 -**Okereke 07** ~~Chukwumerije Okereke (Senior Research Associate at the Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research at the University of East Anglia). Global Justice and Neoliberal Environmental Governance. Routledge 2007~~ 22 -Notwithstanding these drawbacks, these scholars provide very compelling arguments against mainstream conceptions of justice 23 -AND 24 -satisfy their aspirations for a better life. (WCED 1987: 43). 25 - 26 - 27 -===Offense=== 28 - 29 - 30 -====Police violence is common and enforcement atomizes individuals who are people of color, differently abled, and minorities - civil liability reform is the first step==== 31 -Stefan 16** ~~De Stefan, Lindsey, (J.D. Candidate, Seton Hall Universtiy School of Law; B.A. Ramapo College of New Jersey. ""No Man Is Above the Law and No Man Is Below It:" How Qualified Immunity Reform Could Create Accountability and Curb Widespread Police Misconduct" (2017). Law School Student Scholarship. Paper 850. http://scholarship.shu.edu/student'scholarship/850 ~~ NB** 32 -In recent months, it has been impossible to ignore the overwhelming presence of police 33 -AND 34 -liability enjoyed by law enforcement officers alleged to have violated individual constitutional rights. 35 - 36 - 37 -====Judges allow the police to get away with anything- people are deterred from filing lawsuits ==== 38 -Pattis 16 ~~bracketed for ableist rhetoric~~ **Pattis, Norm. Management, Elite. "Norman Pattis Blog". Norm Pattis Blog. N. p., 2016. Web. 25 Oct. 2016.KB** 39 -I get many calls each week from people who believe they have been abused by 40 -AND 41 -accomplices in a police state; most of them don't even realize it. 42 - 43 - 44 -====Qualified immunity requires clear precedent and favors officers- that allows judges to avoid setting new rights==== 45 -Carbado 16 **~~Drew Carbado (Honorable Harry Pregerson Professor of Law, UCLA), "Blue-on-Black Violence: A Provisional Model of Some of the Causes," Georgetown Law Journal Vo. 104, 2016.~~ ** 46 -Qualified Immunity: Perhaps a more fundamental barrier to holding police officers ac- countable 47 -AND 48 -a significant doctrinal hurdle to holding police officers accountable for acts of violence. 49 - 50 - 51 -====We affirm the resolution- the United States ought to limit qualified immunity for police officers==== 52 - 53 - 54 -====Affirming prevents police officers from doing bad things. ==== 55 - 56 - 57 -====1. Precedent and Cooperation- litigation establishes clear precedents for the future and fosters trust in the community ==== 58 -Stefan 16** ~~De Stefan, Lindsey, (J.D. Candidate, Seton Hall Universtiy School of Law; B.A. Ramapo College of New Jersey. ""No Man Is Above the Law and No Man Is Below It:" How Qualified Immunity Reform Could Create Accountability and Curb Widespread Police Misconduct" (2017). Law School Student Scholarship. Paper 850. http://scholarship.shu.edu/student'scholarship/850 ~~ NB** 59 -Altering the qualified immunity doctrine is an excellent way to begin the path to restoring 60 -AND 61 -immediate way to rebuild trust and begin healing the citizen-police relationship. 62 - 63 - 64 -====2. Department Analysis- even if civilians don't win compensation- lawsuits create reform and police know their behavior will be watched==== 65 -Schwartz 11 **~~Schwartz, Joanna C. "What Police Learn from Lawsuits." Cardozo L. Rev. 33 (2011): 841. Joanna Schwartz is a Professor of Law at UCLA School of Law. She teaches Civil Procedure, the Civil Rights Litigation Clinic~~ KB** 66 -Lawsuits are widely recognized to compensate and deter; this Article shows suits can also 67 -AND 68 -to create multiple, new, and even redundant sources of information."253 69 - 70 - 71 -====3. Accountability- Internal concessions from cop polls prove litigation only chills bad policing but incentivizes good policing ==== 72 -Ferdik 13 **~~Ferdik, Frank V. "Perception is Reality: A Qualitative Approach to Understanding Police Officer View on Civil Liability" COGINTA. For Police Reforms and Community Safety. Working Paper No. 49. Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of armed forces. Joint IPES, Coginta, and DCAF, Wroking Paper Series in a on open forum for the global community of police experts, researchers, and practioners provided by the International Police exeecrutive Symposium. Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice. University of South Carolina.August 2013~~ NB** 73 -It appears that civil litigation may also be a concern for police administrators. For 74 -AND 75 -of Study- Evaluates a large quantity of police chiefs and various departments- 76 - 77 - 78 -====Indemnification doesn't deter officers- they still worry about negative relations, and it’s the only way to compensate plaintiffs.==== 79 -Schwartz 14 **~~Schwartz, Joanna C. "Police Indemnification" Assistant Professor of Law, University of California, Los Angeles, School of Law. New York University Law Review. 2014~~ NB** 80 -Others will argue that, despite indemnification, police officers are still in danger of 81 -AND 82 -pays settle- ments and judgments against officers out of a general fund. 83 -====Observations:==== 84 - 85 - 86 -====The negative must defenda world where they only allow qualified immunity because the resolution asks whether or not qualified immunity is good or bad. ==== - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,109 +1,0 @@ 1 -===Framing=== 2 - 3 - 4 -====Black lives matter isn’t futurism – state based movements build coalitions necessary to revalue black agency.==== 5 -Bailey 15 **~~Bailey, Julius, and David J. Leonard. "Black Lives Matter: Post-Nihilistic Freedom Dreams." Journal of Contemporary Rhetoric 5.3/4 (2015): 67-77~~.KB** 6 -Three simple words: Black- Lives- Matter. These words have come to 7 -AND 8 -demand for an alternative to the present racial configuration in the United States. 9 - 10 - 11 -====The role of the ballot is to embrace the politics of black lives matter to resolve material conditions of antiblackness. Academia is at the brink- only interrogation through education interjects meaningful challenges against systems of power.==== 12 -Quick 6-21 **~~Kimberly Quick (The Century Foundation. Policy Associate), 6-21-2016, "Why Black Lives Matter in Education, Too," Century Foundation, https://tcf.org/content/commentary/black-lives-matter-education/~~ NB** 13 -Last month, the New Schools Venture Fund Summit in San Francisco—an invitation 14 -AND 15 -whatever reasons, some conservatives still seem to shy away from the concept. 16 - 17 -====Causal processes predispose us to certain modes of thought, instead we must use particular realities to deconstruct oppression ==== 18 -**we should recognize the plurality of view for other people. Objective standards don’t exist and you shouldn't be able to perpetuate one notion of identity. ** 19 -**Causal forces takes out ideal theory because you must be informed of the empirical of ** 20 -**AND** 21 -relations (of. May, 1987, pp. 22-23). 22 - 23 - 24 -===Offense=== 25 - 26 - 27 -====Police violence is common and enforcement atomizes individuals who are people of color, differently abled, and minorities - civil liability reform is the first step==== 28 -Stefan 16** ~~De Stefan, Lindsey, (J.D. Candidate, Seton Hall Universtiy School of Law; B.A. Ramapo College of New Jersey. ""No Man Is Above the Law and No Man Is Below It:" How Qualified Immunity Reform Could Create Accountability and Curb Widespread Police Misconduct" (2017). Law School Student Scholarship. Paper 850. http://scholarship.shu.edu/student'scholarship/850 ~~ NB** 29 -In recent months, it has been impossible to ignore the overwhelming presence of police 30 -AND 31 -liability enjoyed by law enforcement officers alleged to have violated individual constitutional rights. 32 - 33 - 34 -====Judges allow the police to get away with anything- people are deterred from filing lawsuits ==== 35 -Pattis 16 ~~bracketed for ableist rhetoric~~ **Pattis, Norm. Management, Elite. "Norman Pattis Blog". Norm Pattis Blog. N. p., 2016. Web. 25 Oct. 2016.KB** 36 -I get many calls each week from people who believe they have been abused by 37 -AND 38 -accomplices in a police state; most of them don't even realize it. 39 - 40 - 41 -====Qualified immunity requires clear precedent and favors officers- that allows judges to avoid setting new rights==== 42 -Carbado 16 **~~Drew Carbado (Honorable Harry Pregerson Professor of Law, UCLA), "Blue-on-Black Violence: A Provisional Model of Some of the Causes," Georgetown Law Journal Vo. 104, 2016.~~ ** 43 -Qualified Immunity: Perhaps a more fundamental barrier to holding police officers ac- countable 44 -AND 45 -a significant doctrinal hurdle to holding police officers accountable for acts of violence. 46 - 47 - 48 -====Thus, the plan: Resolved- The United States Federal Government should limit qualified immunity for police officers to zero through strict liability. This ensures litigation against harm regardless of police intent. ==== 49 -Answers departments turns case bc 1. Policing is shitty rn so theres no uniqueness to a marginal increase so try or die for the aff to improve policing 2. Police wouldn’t arrest frivolously bc frivolous arrests bring litigation in a feedback cycle, only good arrests will be pursued to avoid shit, insurers will get pissed so indemnity doesn’t take this out 50 -Effectively is the best method to rid of qualified immunity because we don't give officers 51 -AND 52 -objectively enforced, and violations of which result in victims pushing for enforcement. 53 - 54 - 55 -====Plan Solves- multiple warrants==== 56 - 57 - 58 -====1. Precedent and Cooperation- litigation establishes clear precedents for the future and fosters trust in the community ==== 59 -Stefan 16** ~~De Stefan, Lindsey, (J.D. Candidate, Seton Hall Universtiy School of Law; B.A. Ramapo College of New Jersey. ""No Man Is Above the Law and No Man Is Below It:" How Qualified Immunity Reform Could Create Accountability and Curb Widespread Police Misconduct" (2017). Law School Student Scholarship. Paper 850. http://scholarship.shu.edu/student'scholarship/850 ~~ NB** 60 -Altering the qualified immunity doctrine is an excellent way to begin the path to restoring 61 -AND 62 -immediate way to rebuild trust and begin healing the citizen-police relationship. 63 - 64 - 65 -====2. Department Analysis- even if civilians don't win compensation- lawsuits create reform and police know their behavior will be watched==== 66 -Schwartz 11 **~~Schwartz, Joanna C. "What Police Learn from Lawsuits." Cardozo L. Rev. 33 (2011): 841. Joanna Schwartz is a Professor of Law at UCLA School of Law. She teaches Civil Procedure, the Civil Rights Litigation Clinic~~ KB** 67 -Lawsuits are widely recognized to compensate and deter; this Article shows suits can also 68 -AND 69 -to create multiple, new, and even redundant sources of information."253 70 - 71 - 72 -====3. Accountability- Internal concessions from cop polls prove litigation only chills bad policing but incentivizes good policing ==== 73 -Ferdik 13 **~~Ferdik, Frank V. "Perception is Reality: A Qualitative Approach to Understanding Police Officer View on Civil Liability" COGINTA. For Police Reforms and Community Safety. Working Paper No. 49. Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of armed forces. Joint IPES, Coginta, and DCAF, Wroking Paper Series in a on open forum for the global community of police experts, researchers, and practioners provided by the International Police exeecrutive Symposium. Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice. University of South Carolina.August 2013~~ NB** 74 -It appears that civil litigation may also be a concern for police administrators. For 75 -AND 76 -of Study- Evaluates a large quantity of police chiefs and various departments- 77 - 78 - 79 -====Indemnification doesn't deter officers- they still worry about negative relations, and it’s the only way to compensate plaintiffs.==== 80 -Schwartz 14 **~~Schwartz, Joanna C. "Police Indemnification" Assistant Professor of Law, University of California, Los Angeles, School of Law. New York University Law Review. 2014~~ NB** 81 -Others will argue that, despite indemnification, police officers are still in danger of 82 -AND 83 -pays settle- ments and judgments against officers out of a general fund. 84 - 85 - 86 -====Independently, qualified immunity masks other methods of the CJS that maintain racial violence. ==== 87 -Hassel 99** ~~Hassel, Diana. "Living a Lie: The cost of Qualified Immunity" Winter 1999. Volume 64. Missouri law Review. Available at: http://scholarship.law.missouri.edu/mlr/vol64/iss1/9 ~~ NB** 88 -The problem with qualified immunity is not so much that the outcomes are sometimes unfair 89 -AND 90 -us peace, but it keeps from us the tools required for reform. 91 - 92 - 93 -===Underview- State=== 94 - 95 - 96 - 97 - 98 -====1. Descriptive governmentality fails to understand the political as constructed- it can be reversed==== 99 -Zanotti 13 **~~Laura, associate professor of Political Science at Virginia Tech., Ph.D. from the University of Washington in 2008 and joined the Purdue University faculty in 2009. "Governmentality, Ontology, Methodology: Re-thinking Political Agency in the Global World", originally published online 30 December 2013, DOI: 10.1177/0304375413512098, P. Sage Publications~~ KB** 100 -While there are important variations in the way international relations scholars use governmentality theory, 101 -AND 102 -where they are made rather than based upon their universal normative aspirations.13 103 - 104 - 105 -====2. Debating and researching government policy does not entrench a universal subject, but refusal on those grounds ironically does==== 106 -Zanotti 13 **— Laura Zanotti, Associate Professor of Political Science at Virginia Tech, holds a Ph.D. in International Relations from Florida International University, 2013 ("Governmentality, Ontology, Methodology: Re-thinking Political Agency in the Global World," Alternatives: Global, Local, Political, Volume 38, Issue 4, November, Available Online to Subscribing Institutions via SAGE Publications Online, p. 289-290)** 107 -Unlike positions that adopt governmentality as a descriptive tool and end up embracing the liberal 108 -AND 109 -position leads not to apathy but to hyper- and pessimistic activism.’’84 - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,6 +1,0 @@ 1 -====Apocalyptic rhetoric produces psychic numbing which ensures biopolitics and —vote aff to reject bad scholarship while voting neg doesn’t prevent an inevitable extinction==== 2 -**Chernus 14** 3 -Ira Chernus, a TomDispatch regular, is professor of religious studies at the University of Colorado Boulder and author of the online "MythicAmerica: Essays." He blogs at MythicAmerica.us; "Apocalypses Everywhere Is There Any Hope in an Era Filled with Gloom and Doom?"; February 25, 2014; http://www.tomdispatch.com/post/175811/tomgram3A'ira'chernus2C'what'ever'happened'to'plain'old'apocalypse/ 4 -Yes, the A-word is now everywhere, and most of the time 5 -AND 6 -apocalypses everywhere: abandon all hope, ye who live here and now. - EntryDate
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