Changes for page Lexington Balachundhar Aff
on 2016/10/22 22:29
on 2016/10/22 22:29
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... ... @@ -1,0 +1,26 @@ 1 +1. The role of the ballot is to evaluate the consequences of a simulated postfiat policy option 2 +Unfairness denies effective dialogue on kritikal issues which turns your impacts. 3 +Galloway 7 Ryan Galloway, Samford Comm prof, Contemporary Argumentation and Debate, Vol. 28, 2007 4 +Debate as a dialogue sets an argumentative table, where all parties receive a relatively fair opportunity to voice their position. Anything that fails to allow participants to have their position articulated denies one side of the argumentative table a fair hearing. The affirmative side is set by the topic and fairness requirements. While affirmative teams have recently resisted affirming the topic, in fact, the topic selection process is rigorous, taking the relative ground of each topic as its central point of departure. Setting the affirmative reciprocally sets the negative. The negative crafts approaches to the topic consistent with affirmative demands. The negative crafts disadvantages, counter-plans, and critical arguments premised on the arguments that the topic allows for the affirmative team. According to fairness norms, each side sits at a relatively balanced argumentative table. When one side takes more than its share, competitive equity suffers. However, it also undermines the respect due to the other involved in the dialogue. When one side excludes the other, it fundamentally denies the personhood of the other participant (Ehninger, 1970, p. 110). A pedagogy of debate as dialogue takes this respect as a fundamental component. A desire to be fair is a fundamental condition of a dialogue that takes the form of a demand for equality of voice. Far from being a banal request for links to a disadvantage, fairness is a demand for respect, a demand to be heard, a demand that a voice backed by literally months upon months of preparation, research, and critical thinking not be silenced. Affirmative cases that suspend basic fairness norms operate to exclude particular negative strategies. Unprepared, one side comes to the argumentative table unable to meaningfully participate in a dialogue. They are unable to “understand what ‘went on…’” and are left to the whims of time and power (Farrell, 1985, p. 114). 5 +The state is made of policies and can be repurposed 6 +Ferguson 11, James, Professor of Anthropology at Stanford, “The Uses of Neoliberalism”, Antipode, Vol. 41, No. S1, pp 166–184 7 +If we are seeking 8 +AND 9 +than we thought. 10 +The poor of Japan were exploited and were left disposable under nuclear reactors 11 +Schrader-Frechette 12 Shrader-Frechette, Kristin. “Nuclear Catastrophe, Disaster-Related Environmental Injustice, and Fukushima, Japan: Prima-Facie Evidence for a Japanese “Katrina”. Environmental Justice Journal. Volum 5, Number 3, 2012. Dr. Shrader-Frechette is O’Neill Family Endowed Professor, Department of Biological Sciences and Department of Philosophy, and also the director of the Center for Environmental Justice and Children’s Health, at the University of Notre Dame in Indiana. NB 12 +University scientists, nuclea 13 +cost at least $660 billion.17 14 +Exclusive focus on representations erodes meaningful reversal of structures of exploitation~-~--discursive focus must supplement discussion of reform~-~--key to survival. 15 +GIROUX 06 16 +Henry Giroux 06, prof of edu and cultural studies at Penn State, 6 (Comparative Studies of South Asia) 17 +Abstracted from the ideal 18 +AND 19 +and can be nowhere else.59 20 +Fairness= Voter 21 +Give people the choice to live 22 +PATERSON 03 23 +Craig Paterson 3, Department of Philosophy, Providence College, Rhode Island “A Life Not Worth Living?”, Studies in Christian Ethics, http://sce.sagepub.com 24 +In determining whether 25 +AND 26 +himself or herself. - EntryDate
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