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+==2 – K == |
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+===Part 1: Alternative=== |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====The alt is a counter-factually framed resolution: In 2006, following HUD's decision to remove residents from public housing, the United States ought to guarantee the right to housing.==== |
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+====To clarify, this means the aff defends the res in 2006 and the neg denies it, this counter-factual resolution requires our roleplaying from the time period of Katrina.==== |
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+ |
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+====This historical moment is key to understanding our contemporary debates over the right to housing because it was a monumental uncovering of how HUD has failed to protect certain marginalized bodies. ==== |
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+**McClain (Dani McClain, contributing writer for The Nation. She is a fellow at The Nation Institute and has written for Talking Points Memo, Al Jazeera America, Colorlines, EBONY.com and Guernica, among other media outlets, "Former Residents of New Orleans's Demolished Housing Projects Tell Their Stories", AUGUST 28, 2015, Online: https://www.thenation.com/article/former-residents-of-new-orleans-demolished-housing-projects-tell-their-stories/ - MG)** |
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+Soon after Hurricane Katrina and New Orleans's failed levees displaced 400,000 of |
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+AND |
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+over housing that will remain permanently affordable for low-income residents. |
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+ |
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+====The alternative is competitive on several levels:==== |
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+====Functional Competition. ==== |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Analytic. ==== |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Analytic. ==== |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Analytic. ==== |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Analytic. ==== |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====1. Hindsight bias ignores contingencies and alternate histories. Controls the internal link to the policy making ROB.==== |
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+Lebow 1 (Richard Lebow. "What's so Different about a Counterfactual?" World Politics. Vol. 52. No. 4. July 2000 http://www.jstor.org/stable/25054129 — KW) |
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+"The disciplinary tendency to privilege structural explanations is reinforced by the "certainty of |
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+AND |
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+they could have made different choices that might have led to different outcomes." |
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+ |
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+ |
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+===Part 2: History=== |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Perception is intrinsically tied to cognition which makes it crucial to interrogate our epistemology through non-ideal theory.==== |
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+**Mills 2** ("White Ignorance" Race and Epistemologies of Ignorance. Published by the State University of New York Press. 2007 — KW) |
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+" Let us turn now to the processes of cognition, individual and social, |
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+AND |
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+understanding, embedded in sub theories and larger theories about how things work." |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Whiteness proliferates itself in epistemologies through the racialization of time.==== |
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+Mills 4 (Charles Mills "White Time, The Chronic Injustice of Ideal Theory," Department of Philosophy Northwestern University, Hutchins Center for African American Research. 2014 — IS |
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+Goody goes on to challenge hegemonic representations of a dynamic progressive West versus a static |
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+AND |
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+, scheduled for extinction (Brantlinger 2003 , pp. 2-3). |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Thus, the standard for the round is to engage in historical analysis to unravel white supremacy's colonization of knowledge and value systems.==== |
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+Linking offense into this standard requires disrupting white time through the articulation of alternative histories that expose the contingencies of whiteness. |
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+**Mills 5** (Charles Mills. "White Time: The Chronic Injustice of Ideal |
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+AND |
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+theory fit in? And how does the Black challenge manifest itself here?" |
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+ |
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+ |
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+===Part 3: Links to the AFF=== |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====First, disguising white contingency. Whiteness is not ahistoric, but instead has emerged through historical contingencies.==== |
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+**Yancy '04** (George Yancy. What White Looks Like: African-American Philosophers on the Whiteness Question. Published by Routledge 2004— KW) |
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+"A genealogical examination of whiteness, following the lead of Foucault and Nietzsche, |
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+AND |
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+body as a result of the internalization of the historical norms of whiteness." |