Changes for page Law Magnet Gao Aff
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,1 @@ 1 -XWiki. michaeldavidgao@facebookcom1 +XWiki.leftitup@gmailcom
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... ... @@ -1,0 +1,85 @@ 1 +==1AC== 2 + 3 + 4 +===Framework=== 5 + 6 + 7 +====Presume aff and err aff because: a) time skew b) adaptability. Prefer theoretical presumption.==== 8 + 9 + 10 +====I value morality because ought implies a moral obligation. ==== 11 + 12 + 13 +====The inescapable starting point of morality is that individuals are rational agents by submitting to a normative principle. Two warrants. ==== 14 +**Ferrero, University of Wisconsin at Milwaukee, 2009** 15 +**Luca, "Constitutivism and the Inescapability of Agency", Oxford Studies in Metaethics, vol. IV, January 19th, Online: **https://pantherfile.uwm.edu/ferrero/www/pubs/ferrero-constitutivism.pdf**, Accessed November 14 – MG ** 16 +3.1 The initial appeal of the shmagency objection rests on the impression that 17 +AND 18 +it's a question of how we evaluate ethical claims in the first place. 19 +Outweighs: 20 +A. 21 +B. 22 +C. 23 +D. 24 +E. 25 +Impacts: 26 +A. 27 +B. 28 + 29 +====Reason is universal. A - A reason for you must also be a reason for me.==== 30 +**Velleman, Professor of Philosophy, Bioethics; Director of Undergraduate Studies, Ph.D., Princeton, 1983, 2006** 31 +**(J. David, "A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO KANTIAN ETHICS," 2006, accessed Dec. 1, MG)** 32 +In Kant's view, being a person consists in being a rational creature, both 33 +AND 34 +attractive vantage point of some kind. 35 +B. Meta-constraints. 36 +Impacts: 37 +A. 38 +B. 39 +The standard is consistency with universal reason. Independently, prefer the framework: 40 + 41 +====Rational willing determines what is an action versus a series of fragmented events. Roedl. ==== 42 +Sebastian Roedl. Prof. Of Philosophy, University of Leipzig. "Two Forms of Practical Knowledge and Their Unity" in Ford and Hornsby, Eds. Essays on Anscombe's Intention (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2011) 239. 43 +"We can give a more specific description of the consciousness of temporal unity that 44 +AND 45 +we would never be able to pursue personal projects; it's over demanding. 46 +A. 47 +B. 48 + 49 +====Impact calculus: ==== 50 + 51 + 52 +====State key. The framework entails an omnilateral will or a higher authority to deal with rights conflicts. ==== 53 +Ripstein, Arthur. "Kant on Law and Politics." University of Toronto Law School. http://www.law.utoronto.ca/documents/Ripstein/Kant_on_law.pdf. 54 +Kant's point about disputes is not just a reiteration of Locke's familiar claim that people 55 +AND 56 +does, and so does not require an explicit act of instituting it. 57 + 58 + 59 +====AFF first on risk of offense. ==== 60 + 61 + 62 +===Contention=== 63 + 64 + 65 +====First, public officials like police officers must act for public ends- they are contractually bound and that is where they derive their authority. Ripstein 16.==== 66 +Ripstein, Arthur. "Reclaiming Proportionality (Society for Applied Philosophy Annual Lecture 2016)." Journal of Applied Philosophy, 2016, doi:10.1111/japp.12238. professor of law and of philosophy at the University of Toronto JZ *brackets for gender* 67 +Nonetheless, there is something troubling about vigilantes and vigilantism. There is a question 68 +AND 69 +of proportionality. It might be asked why this public standpoint is required. 70 + 71 + 72 +====Immunity hinders essential tort litigation. ==== 73 +**Sheng, associate in Davis Polk's Litigation Department, practicing in the Menlo Park office, law clerk to the chief judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, 2012** 74 +**Philip, "An "Objectively Reasonable" Criticism of the Doctrine of Qualified Immunity in Excessive Force Cases Brought Under 42 U.S.C. § 1983", Brigham Young University Journal of Public Law, March 1st, Accessed November 10th, Online: **http://digitalcommons.law.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1459andcontext=jpl** – MG ** 75 +Apart from the concerns that (I) the Court is affording law enforcement officers 76 +AND 77 +to whether and when cases on point arc needed to overcome qualified immunity. 78 + 79 + 80 +====Second, tort law captures the unique responsibility to other persons while maintaining freedom to pursue one's own conception of the good. Ripstein 4.==== 81 +**Ripstein, Professor of Law at the University of Toronto, 2004** 82 +**Arthur, "Tort, The Division of Responsibility and the Law of Tort", Fordham Law Review, Online: http://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3975andcontext=flr** 83 +All of these effects that one person might have on another are consistent with each 84 +AND 85 +to your ability to set and pursue your own conception of the good. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,0 +1,95 @@ 1 +==1AC== 2 + 3 + 4 +===Framework=== 5 + 6 + 7 +====The starting point for ethical discussion must be grounded in the material world and non-ideal theory. Ideal theory ignores social realities, which influence what we can count as an ideal in the first place. ==== 8 +**Mills, Professor of Moral and Intellectual Philosophy at Northwestern University, 2000** 9 +**Charles W, "Ideal Theory as Ideology", Hypatia Volume 20, Number 3, Summer, pp. 165 184 - MG** 10 +I suggest that this spontaneous reaction, far from being philosophically naïve or jejune, 11 +AND 12 +that the ideal-as-idealized-model will never be achieved. 13 + 14 + 15 +====Justice requires a multi-dimensional analysis. Every instance of injustice includes both an unequal distribution of resources and a misrecognition of identity. Singular theories that only focus on distribution or identity will inevitably fail. ==== 16 +**Fraser, American critical theorist, feminist, and the Henry A. and Louise Loeb Professor of Political and Social Science and professor of philosophy at The New School in New York City, 09** 17 +**(Nancy; Social Justice in the Age of Identity Politics: Redistribution, Recognition, and Participation; THE TANNER LECTURES ON HUMAN VALUES; Stanford University April 30–May 2, 1996; http://www.intelligenceispower.com/Important20E-mails20Sent20attachments/Social20Justice20in20the20Age20of20Identity20Politics.pdf – MG)** 18 +Matters become murkier, however, once we move away from these extremes. When 19 +AND 20 +in sum, requires both redistribution and recognition. Neither alone will suffice. 21 + 22 + 23 +====Thus, the standard is promoting participatory parity. This recognizes the bivalence of oppression.==== 24 +**Fraser 2, American critical theorist, feminist, and the Henry A. and Louise Loeb Professor of Political and Social Science and professor of philosophy at The New School in New York City, 09** 25 +**(Nancy; Social Justice in the Age of Identity Politics: Redistribution, Recognition, and Participation; THE TANNER LECTURES ON HUMAN VALUES; Stanford University April 30–May 2, 1996; http://www.intelligenceispower.com/Important20E-mails20Sent20attachments/Social20Justice20in20the20Age20of20Identity20Politics.pdf – MG)** 26 +Given the hollowness of a purely verbal reduction and the present unavailability of a substantive 27 +AND 28 +ascribed "difference" from others or by failing to acknowledge their distinctiveness. 29 + 30 + 31 +====Prefer additionally: Double bind: ==== 32 + 33 + 34 +====A. Analytic. ==== 35 + 36 + 37 +====B. Analytic.==== 38 + 39 + 40 +===Harms=== 41 + 42 + 43 +====Unarmed black and brown bodies are gunned down by police every day and the officers are getting away with it. ==== 44 +**Kindy, National investigative reporter for The Washington Post and participant in Pulitzer Prize winning team, 15** 45 +**Kimberly, "Fatal police shootings in 2015 approaching 400 nationwide", Washington Post, ** 46 +**AND** 47 +and killed nearly 1,000 people by the end of the year. 48 + 49 + 50 +====Qualified immunity protects officers who have clearly broken the law because the standards for being clearly established are far too high.==== 51 +**Sheng, associate in Davis Polk's Litigation Department, practicing in the Menlo Park office, law clerk to the chief judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, 2012** 52 +**Philip, "An "Objectively Reasonable" Criticism of the Doctrine of Qualified Immunity in Excessive Force Cases Brought Under 42 U.S.C. § 1983", Brigham Young University Journal of Public Law, March 1st, Accessed November 10th, Online: **http://digitalcommons.law.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1459andcontext=jpl** – MG ** 53 +Apart from the concerns that (I) the Court is affording law enforcement officers 54 +AND 55 +to whether and when cases on point arc needed to overcome qualified immunity. 56 + 57 + 58 +===Plan Text=== 59 + 60 + 61 +====Thus, I affirm: Resolved – The United States ought to limit qualified immunity for police officers by removing the "clearly established" standard to be whether it was clearly unconstitutional. CX check all spec, theory, and T interps to prevent needless theory. Substantive debate outweighs because its applicable in the real world. ==== 62 + 63 + 64 +===Solvency=== 65 + 66 + 67 +====Civil suits in constitutional rights violations are distinctly important in recognizing the importance of individuals who have their rights violated by government officials, even when the financial liability may be addressed by the government. Armacost 89==== 68 +**(Barbara E. Armacost 51 Vand. L. Rev. 583 (1998) "Qualified Immunity- Ignorance Excused" J.D. University of Virginia School of Law 1989 M.T.S. Regent College of the University of British Columbia 1984 B.S. University of Virginia 1976 )** 69 +Turning to section 1983 law, I contend that individual damages liability for constitutional violations 70 +AND 71 +but through public reaction to re- ported allegations of clear constitutional impropriety. 72 + 73 + 74 +====Civil recourse is key to individual recognition of status and authority of the plaintiffs, empowering them. Solomon 10==== 75 +**Solomon '10 (Jason M. Solomon. Associate Professor, College of William and Mary Law School. "What is Civil Justice" Loyola Of Los Angeles Law Review. Vol. 44:317. Fall 2010. http://scholarship.law.wm.edu/facpubs/1149 — KW)** 76 +"Consistent with the inescapable moral quality of the word justice in both systems, 77 +AND 78 +and a remedy (generally money) to the one wronged. 49" 79 + 80 + 81 +====And- Lawsuits are a redistribution method of participation-==== 82 + 83 + 84 +====1. The foundation of tort law is one of monetary redistribution to a victim or community. The wrongdoer is forced to pay their distributed resources to the plaintiff. ==== 85 + 86 + 87 +====2. In the case of an unsuccessful suit, communities still eventually are repaid in the form of large scale reform. When civil suits fail, states and courts collect the data and information from those suits to determine new courses in law- meaning consistent lawsuits against police officers for wrongdoing will eventually bring about large-scale, beneficial change.==== 88 + 89 + 90 +====It's hard to sue municipalities. The officers are the only route for justice.==== 91 +**Chemerinskyaug, founding Dean and Distinguished Professor of Law, and Raymond Pryke Professor of First Amendment Law, at University of California, Irvine School of Law, with a joint appointment in Political Science, 2014** 92 +**Erwin, "How the Supreme Court Protects Bad Cops", August 26, New York Times, Online: http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/27/opinion/how-the-supreme-court-protects-bad-cops.html, Accessed October 23 – MG ** 93 +A 2011 case, Connick v. Thompson, illustrates how difficult the Supreme Court 94 +AND 95 +in Mr. Thompson's case, also has absolute immunity to civil suits. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,0 +1,5 @@ 1 +1AC - Kant 2 +1NC - Ban All 3 +1AR - PICs Bad and Kant 4 +2NR - Ban All 5 +2AR - PICs Bad and Kant - Tournament
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