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+====The 1AC's attempt to hold state agents (like the police) accountable is futile. The State always wants to maintain power. The State is constantly arresting what Deleuze and Guattari call "lines of flight," or possible connections between two things. It does this by "territorializing," or placing restrictions and control. The State is not one to give up this control easily and will always reassert mechanisms of control.==== |
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+**Deleuze and Guattari 1** |
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+Deleuze, Gilles, and Pierre-Félix Guattari. A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism |
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+AND |
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+which only reinforced the connection between commerce and the war machine.64" |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====State violence is "smooth" – there are no beginnings or ends, no boundaries or borders, no starts or stops – there is only an omnipresent violence which simply is.==== |
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+**Deleuze and Guattari 2** |
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+Deleuze, Gilles, and Pierre-Félix Guattari. A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota, 1987. Print. (Pages 352-353) |
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+"Let us take a limited example and compare the war machine and the State |
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+AND |
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+elsewhere . ..). Another justice, another movement, another space-time." |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====The operation of the State is even more heinous than that of war. Not only is the slaughter of war encapsulated in the machinations of the State, the State mutilates our existence and pushes a living death upon us in order to arrest our potentiality for production.==== |
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+**Deleuze and Guattari 3** |
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+Deleuze, Gilles, and Pierre-Félix Guattari. A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota, 1987. Print. (Pages 424-425) |
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+"Let us return to Dumezil's theses: (1) Political sovereignty has two |
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+AND |
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+, the congenitally infirm, the one-eyed and one-armed." |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====This appropriation of the war machine by the State institutes an economy of violence, making it unlimited. This turns the case – their arguments attempting to break free of violent cycles only play into their re-creation.==== |
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+**Deleuze and Guattari 4** |
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+Deleuze, Gilles, and Pierre-Félix Guattari. A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota, 1987. Print. (Pages 395-396) |
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+"Second, weapons and tools do not 'tendentially' (approximately) have the |
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+AND |
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+; he abstracts the idea of the motor, applying it to himself." |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====The micro-social is key to disrupting the hegemonic discourse of the status quo. The youth is able to singularize and take control of a space in order to stage an ethico-political revolt. The judge must be a catalyst to these thoughts. The role of the judge is to embrace an abstract methodology – we must find something which can lead us to individualized solutions to infinitely unique problems.==== |
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+**Guattari 2k** |
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+Guattari, Pierre-Félix. The Three Ecologies. London: Athlone, 2000. Print. (Pages 33-34) |
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+"As for young people, although they are crushed by the dominant economic relations |
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+AND |
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+, as much on a microsocial level as on a larger institutional scale." |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====They'll try to condemn our abstraction, yet they don't distinguish between material and ideological abstraction. Their methodologies, just as any State methodologies, belie notions of power – power which makes abstract totalizations in order to control the masses. Embracing ideological abstraction is key to formulate specific solutions to localized problems. This is especially important now, when a politicized pedagogy will call upon educators to police thought. Thus, the role of the ballot is to endorse micro-political rejections of oppression.==== |
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+**Deleuze '72** |
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+Deleuze, Gilles. "Intellectuals and Power: A Conversation between Michel Foucault and Gilles Deleuze." Libcom.org. Libcom.org, 9 Sept. 2006. Web. 20 Nov. 2016. https://libcom.org/library/intellectuals-power-a-conversation-between-michel-foucault-and-gilles-deleuze. |
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+"On the basis of our actual situation, power emphatically develops a total or |
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+AND |
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+of information carried by the Agence de Press Liberation (7).'" |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Thus, we embark upon the schizoanalytic journey of the alternative. That is, we cast away presuppositions and embrace the ability to deterritorialize ourselves. We refuse to seek solutions which only throw us back into the arms of the State. We embrace "becoming," which is framed in the context of the "body without organs," which is the plane of ultimate deterritorialization where no restrictions have been placed on our potential. This allows us to break down a racist system which perpetuates racism and allows us to fundamentally understand the Other, resolving the disparities of knowledge that enable racism.==== |
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+**Ibrahim '15** |
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+Ibrahim, Awad. "Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development." Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 36.1 (2015): 13-26. Taylor and Francis Online. Taylor and Francis Group, 27 Mar. 2014. Web. 22 Nov. 2016. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01434632.2014.892498?journalCode=rmmm20. ~~Faculty of Education, University of Ottawa. Ph.D., Curriculum Theory / Educational Foundations, Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto. Awad Ibrahim is Full Professor. Curriculum Theorist with special interest in cultural studies, Hip-Hop, youth and Black popular culture, social foundations (i.e., philosophy, history and sociology of education), social justice and community service learning, diasporic and continental African identities, ethnography and applied linguistics. He has researched and published widely in these areas. Has ongoing projects in Morocco, Sudan and the United States. His immediate projects include an ethnography of an inner city high school in Ottawa and a project on the daily struggle of 'becoming citizen' in Canada. Books include: The Rhizome of Blackness: A critical ethnography of Hip-Hop culture, language, identity and the politics of becoming (Peter Lang, 2014); Critical Youth studies: A reader (with Shirley Steinberg; Peter Lang, 2014); The education of African Canadian children: Critical perspectives (with Ali Abdi; in progress); Provoking curriculum studies: Strong poetry and the arts of the possible (with Nicholas Ng-A-Fook and Giuliano Reis; Routledge, in progress) and Global Linguistic Flows: Hip-Hop Cultures, Youth Identities, and the Politics of Language (with Samy Alim and Alastair Pennycook, Routledge, 2009).~~ |
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+"Juxtaposing the two rhizomes of BswO and CRT, I want to create a |
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+AND |
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+human dignity and claim a Canadianness that is conscious of its own limits." |