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... ... @@ -1,229 +1,0 @@ 1 -==Advantages == 2 - 3 - 4 -===Inherency=== 5 - 6 - 7 -====Iran’s pursuit of nuclear weapons has ceased in light of the nuclear deal==== 8 - 9 -=====Sanger ‘16===== 10 -David E. Sanger, 7-13-2016, "Iran Sticks to Terms of Nuclear Deal, but Defies the U.S. in Other Ways," New York Times, http://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/14/world/middleeast/iran-nuclear-deal.html//KOHS-AG 11 -WASHINGTON — A year after President Obama’s nuclear deal with Iran, the worst predictions 12 -AND 13 -Tel Aviv, "and greatly reduced the threat over the longer term." 14 - 15 - 16 -====And, the root cause of Iran’s desire to proliferate is Israeli aggression and nuclear power—addressing these concerns is key==== 17 - 18 -=====Fisher ‘15===== 19 -Max Fisher, 2-25-2015, "The real reasons Iran is so committed to its nuclear program," Vox, http://www.vox.com/2015/2/25/8101383/iran-nuclear-reasons 20 -"Tehran wanted to guard against a future surprise analogous to Iraq's repeated use of 21 -AND 22 -want a nuclear deterrent, which only makes the US threaten more strenuously. 23 - 24 - 25 -===Advantage 1: Meltdown=== 26 - 27 - 28 -====Meltdown of the Dimona reactor is inevitable==== 29 - 30 -=====Levinsonn ‘16===== 31 -Chaim Levinson Apr 26, 2016 9, 4-26-2016, "Israel's Dimona nuclear reactor plagued by 1,537 defects, scientists say," Haaretz, http://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/.premium-1.716312 32 -An innovative ultrasound examination has show~~ed~~n signs of 1,537 33 -AND 34 -the past and requires safety checks each time as well as various permits. 35 - 36 - 37 -====Meltdown causes extinction==== 38 - 39 -=====Lendman ‘11===== 40 -Stephen, Research Associate of the Centre for Research on Globalization,** ** 41 -03/ 13/11, "Nuclear Meltdown in Japan,", The People’s Voice http://www.thepeoplesvoice.org/TPV3/Voices.php/2011/03/13/nuclear-meltdown-in-japan 42 -Reuters said the 1995 Kobe quake caused $100 billion in damage, up to 43 -AND 44 -entire region. "It could be, literally, an apocalyptic event. 45 - 46 - 47 -===Advantage 2: Stability (1:15)=== 48 - 49 - 50 -====Arabian instability is building now—border escalation proves==== 51 - 52 -=====Crooke 7-6===== 53 -Alastair Crooke (Fmr. MI-6 agent; Author, ‘Resistance: The Essence of Islamic Revolution’), 7-6-2016, "Is Israel Preparing for War Against Hezbollah?," Huffington Post, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/alastair-crooke/israel-war-hezbollah'b'10829902.html 54 -BEIRUT — How does Israel read the Middle East these days? Few details on 55 -AND 56 -in this respect. Israel does not want Iranian troops at its border. 57 - 58 - 59 -====Israeli nuclear power escalates tensions—causes prolif==== 60 - 61 -=====Abuzayyad ‘10===== 62 -Ziad Abuzayyad. Volume 16. No 34. 2010. "Palestine-Israel Journal: The Nuclear Option and Peace in the Middle East," No Publication, http://www.pij.org/details.php?id=1264 63 -The Middle East is a small region and, practically speaking, the geographic proximity 64 -AND 65 -will be heard more loudly if Iran gets away with its nuclear program. 66 - 67 - 68 -====Arabian prolif leads to nuclear war==== 69 - 70 -=====Edelman ‘11===== 71 -Edelman, 11 (Jan/Feb, Distinguished Fellow at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments and Former U.S. Undersecretary of Defense for Policy, Foreign Affairs, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/67162/eric-s-edelman-andrew-f-krepinevich-jr-and-evan-braden-montgomer/the-dangers-of-a-nuclear-iran) 72 -There is, however, at least one state that could receive significant outside support 73 -AND 74 -Middle East could lead to a new Great Game, with unpredictable consequences. 75 - 76 - 77 -===Advantage 3: Hamas=== 78 - 79 - 80 -====Hamas striking now—conflict likely to escalate—Hamas is determined==== 81 - 82 -=====AP 8-21===== 83 -Associated Press. 8-21-2016, "Palestinian rocket strikes Israel, drawing Israeli reprisal," Stars and Stripes,http://www.stripes.com/news/middle-east/palestinian-rocket-strikes-israel-drawing-israeli-reprisal-1.424873//KOHS-AG 84 -JERUSALEM —The Israeli military carried out a series of airstrikes in the Gaza Strip 85 -AND 86 -destruction, would continue its struggle against Israel until "victory is achieved." 87 - 88 - 89 -====Empirics prove—Hamas wants to strike the Dimona reactor==== 90 - 91 -=====Pollak ‘14===== 92 -Joel B. Pollak,10 Jul 2014, "'Nuclear Terrorism': Hamas Targeting of Dimona Reactor Meets UN Definition," Breitbart, http://www.breitbart.com/national-security/2014/07/10/nuclear-terrorism-hamas-targets-israel-s-dimona-reactor/ 93 -The terrorist group Hamas claimed late Wednesday that it attempted to target Israel’s nuclear reactor 94 -AND 95 -targets was Dimona. The hope is to destroy Israel through nuclear contamination. 96 - 97 - 98 -====Attacks on nuclear reactors are devastating—they’re equivalent to dirty bombs==== 99 - 100 -=====PSR ‘16===== 101 -~~"Dirty, Dangerous And Expensive: The Truth About Nuclear Power". 2016.Psr.Org. Accessed August 8 2016. http://www.psr.org/chapters/washington/resources/nuclear-power-factsheet.html?referrer=https://www.google.com/~~ 102 -In addition to the threat of nuclear materials, nuclear reactors are themselves potential terrorist 103 -AND 104 --term deaths from cancer among individuals within 50 miles of the reactor. 105 - 106 - 107 -====Nuclear attack causes extinction—miscalculation likely==== 108 - 109 -=====Barrett et al ‘13===== 110 -PhD in Engineering and Public Policy from Carnegie Mellon University, Fellow in the RAND Stanton Nuclear Security Fellows Program, and Director of Research at Global Catastrophic Risk Institute—AND Seth Baum, PhD in Geography from Pennsylvania State University, Research Scientist at the Blue Marble Space Institute of Science, and Executive Director of Global Catastrophic Risk Institute—AND Kelly Hostetler, BS in Political Science from Columbia and Research Assistant at Global Catastrophic Risk Institute (Anthony, 24 June 2013, "Analyzing and Reducing the Risks of Inadvertent Nuclear War Between the United States and Russia," Science and Global Security: The Technical Basis for Arms Control, Disarmament, and Nonproliferation Initiatives, Volume 21, Issue 2, Taylor and Francis) 111 -War involving significant fractions of the U.S. and Russian nuclear arsenals, 112 -AND 113 -, making one or both nations more likely to misinterpret events as attacks. 114 - 115 - 116 -==Plan== 117 - 118 - 119 -===Text=== 120 - 121 - 122 -====Plan Text: Israel ought to adopt Uzi Even’s proposal and prohibit nuclear power.==== 123 - 124 -=====Silverstein ‘12===== 125 -Richard Silverstein, 8-20-2012, "Leading Israeli Nuclear Scientist Proposing Closing Dimona in Return for Ending Iranian Nuke Program," Tikun Olam תיקון עולם, http://www.richardsilverstein.com/2012/08/20/leading-israeli-nuclear-scientist-proposing-closing-dimona-in-return-for-ending-iranian-nuke-program/ 126 -Uzi Even, one of Israel’s leading nuclear scientists, proposed in an article in 127 -AND 128 -it moves the debate away from military force and toward a negotiated solution. 129 - 130 - 131 -===Solvency=== 132 - 133 - 134 -====Plan solves stability—==== 135 - 136 - 137 -====Removal of the Iranian threat is a palliative for Israel, while removal of Israeli nuclear power prevents Iran from reproliferating==== 138 - 139 -=====Abuzayyad 2===== 140 -Ziad Abuzayyad. Volume 16. No 34. 2010. "Palestine-Israel Journal: The Nuclear Option and Peace in the Middle East," No Publication, http://www.pij.org/details.php?id=1264 141 -It is likely that Iran will proceed with its program, and the only thing 142 -AND 143 -nuclear capability. Achieving a comprehensive peace settlement to the Arab-Israeli conflict 144 - 145 - 146 -====The nuclear deal will eventually expire—the aff is k2 long term peace==== 147 - 148 -=====Abrams ‘15===== 149 -Elliot Abrams 7/15,senior fellow for Middle Eastern studies at the Council on Foreign Relations, "Iran got a far better deal than it had any right to expect," National Review 2015. 150 -Then, the United States conceded to Iran ~~1~~ the right to have 151 -AND 152 -negotiators sat in Vienna and Lausanne smiling across the table at John Kerry. 153 - 154 - 155 -====Plan spills over to Israel abolishing its entire nuclear arsenal while preventing terrorist attacks on facilities==== 156 - 157 -=====Sleiman ‘10===== 158 -Mounzer Sleiman (2010) Shutting down Dimona: Israel’s nuclear programme, arsenal and environmental threat, Contemporary Arab Affairs, 3:4, 437-479, DOI: 10.1080/17550912.2010.528203 159 -Although Israel has an impressive (if unacknowledged) nuclear arsenal, it does not 160 -AND 161 -of these systems would actually encourage the countries to eliminate their WMD arsenals. 162 - 163 - 164 -====Existing nuclear weapons are outdated and futile—stopping escalation now is key==== 165 - 166 -=====Sleiman ‘10===== 167 -Mounzer Sleiman (2010) Shutting down Dimona: Israel’s nuclear programme, arsenal and environmental threat, Contemporary Arab Affairs, 3:4, 437-479, DOI: 10.1080/17550912.2010.528203 168 -Given the current realities in the Arab Middle East, it can be seen that 169 -AND 170 -and they can also be used in more scenarios than can nuclear devices. 171 - 172 - 173 -====We create movements for environmental change==== 174 - 175 -=====Sleiman ‘10===== 176 -Mounzer Sleiman (2010) Shutting down Dimona: Israel’s nuclear programme, arsenal and environmental threat, Contemporary Arab Affairs, 3:4, 437-479, DOI: 10.1080/17550912.2010.528203 177 -If nuclear weapons could be demonstrated to be unnecessary and be dismantled, the need 178 -AND 179 -be a first step towards solving the attendant environmental problems there and elsewhere. 180 - 181 - 182 -==Framework== 183 - 184 -====Non-naturalist theories are epistemically inaccessible—reject abstractions==== 185 - Papineau ‘07 186 -David Papineau, "Naturalism". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2007//KOHS-AG 187 -Moore took this argument to show that moral facts comprise a distinct species of non 188 -AND 189 -to see how we can ~~we~~ have any knowledge of them~~?~~. 190 - 191 - 192 -====Naturalism means util—phenomenal introspection means we can export our experience of pleasure to others==== 193 -Sinhababu ‘13 194 -Sinhababu, Neil. "The epistemic argument for hedonism." 2013. ~~University of Singapore~~//KOHS-AG 195 -To see how we can detect moral properties through phenomenal introspection, consider intense pain 196 -AND 197 -bright. This fits how we regard the intrinsic properties of phenomenal states. 198 - 199 - 200 -====The standard is maximizing expected well-being. Prefer—==== 201 - 202 -====Util is the only pragmatic option for policymakers—they can only look at macropolitical impacts==== 203 - 204 -=====Goodin===== 205 -Robert Goodin, Professor of Government, University of Essex, Australian National Defense University, "THE UTILITARIAN RESPONSE," p. 141-2, 1990. 206 -My larger argument turns on the proposition that there is Something special about the situation 207 -AND 208 -want to use it at all – to choose general rules or conduct. 209 - 210 - 211 -====No act-omission distinction for states—they are responsible for their consequences==== 212 - 213 -=====Sunstein and Vermeule===== 214 -Cass R. Sunstein and Adrian Vermeule, "Is Capital Punishment Morally Required? The Relevance of Life‐Life Tradeoffs." John M. Olin Law and Economics Working Paper No. 239 The Law School, The University of Chicago, March 2005//KOHS-AG 215 -In our view, any effort to distinguish between acts and omissions goes wrong by 216 -AND 217 -a set of policy instruments that do not adequately or fully discourage it. 218 - 219 - 220 -====Util calc is k2 moral equality==== 221 - 222 -=====Cummiskey===== 223 -Cummiskey, David. "Kantian consequentialism." Ethics (1990): 586-615. Published by Oxford University Press.//KOHS-AG 224 -We must not obscure the issue by characterizing this type of case as the sacrifice 225 -AND 226 -may never force another to bear some cost in order to benefit others. 227 - 228 -Analytic 229 -Analytic - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,6 +1,0 @@ 1 -If you need anything or want me to disclose anything not on the wiki or want me to modify anything that is on the wiki, feel free to contact me: 2 -Facebook: Alan George 3 -Email: algeor99@gmail.com 4 -Facebook is probably best because I'll check it most often. 5 -My preferred pronoun is he/him. 6 -If you would be upset by something read on here, please tell me before the round. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,106 +1,0 @@ 1 -Part 1: Framework 2 - 3 -Structural Violence 4 - 5 -The standard is minimizing structural barriers, defined as alleviating the material conditions that commit structural violence on marginalized groups. Prefer— 6 - 7 -1) Debate should deal with material impacts—abstraction reflects privilege 8 -Curry ‘14 9 -Dr. Tommy J. Curry 14, “The Cost of a Thing: A Kingian Reformulation of a Living Wage Argument in the 21st Century”//KOHS-AG 10 -Despite the pronouncement of debate as an activity and intellectual exercise pointing to the real 11 -AND 12 -used to currently justify the living wages in under our contemporary moral parameters. 13 - 14 -2) Structural violence is based in moral exclusion—ethics do not apply if individuals are not included 15 -Winter and Leighton 16 -Deborah DuNann Winter and Dana C. Leighton. Psychologist that specializes in Social Psych, Counseling Psych, Historical and Contemporary Issues, Peace Psychology. Leighton: PhD graduate student in the Psychology Department at the University of Arkansas. Knowledgable in the fields of social psychology, peace psychology, and justice and intergroup responses to transgressions of justice “Peace, conflict, and violence: Peace psychology in the 21st century.” Pg 4-5//KOHS-AG 17 -Finally, to recognize the operation of structural violence forces us to ask questions about 18 -AND 19 -local cultures, will be our most surefooted path to building lasting peace. 20 - 21 -Part 2: Status Quo 22 - 23 -Qualified immunity creates a police state immune to criticism—it justifies police abuse 24 -Pattis ‘10 25 -Norm Pattis. Qualified Immunity And The Police State. October 16, 2010.//KOHS-AG 26 -I get many calls each week from people who believe they have been abused by 27 -AND 28 -accomplices in a police state; most of them don't even realize it. 29 - 30 -Courts use the “clearly established” clause to avoid clarifying core constitutional rights—leads to circular rights violations that justify future police misconduct 31 -Carbado ‘16 32 -Drew Carbado (The Honorable Harry Pregerson Professor of Law). “BLUE‐ON‐BLACK VIOLENCE: A PROVISIONAL MODEL OF SOME OF THE CAUSES.” Georgetown Law Journal 1479. No. 16-31. 2016.//KOHS-AG 33 -A third way in which legal actors translate police violence into justifiable force in the 34 -AND 35 -a significant doctrinal hurdle to holding police officers accountable for acts of violence. 36 - 37 -Qualified immunity serves to diffuse critique and stops expansion civil rights claims elsewhere—it makes police misconduct appear to be ISOLATED instead of SYSTEMIC 38 -Hassel ‘99 39 -Diana Hassel (Associate Professor at the Roger Williams University School of Law). “ Living a Lie: The Cost of Qualified Immunity.” Missouri Law Review 1999//KOHS-AG 40 -The problem with qualified immunity is not so much that the outcomes are sometimes unfair 41 -AND 42 -can develop into an obstacle to the very aims it professes to accomplish. 43 - 44 -Part 3: Advocacy 45 - 46 -Text 47 - 48 -Plan Text: The United States federal government ought to eliminate the “clearly established” clause of qualified immunity and replace it with a “clearly unconstitutional” clause for police officers. 49 -Catlett ‘05 50 -Michael S. Catlett “CLEARLY NOT ESTABLISHED: DECISIONAL LAW AND THE QUALIFIED IMMUNITY DOCTRINE.” Arizona Law Review. 2005.//KOHS-AG 51 -In trying to decide whether a constitutional right is “clearly established,” courts should 52 -AND 53 -case?;197 (4) How recently was the constitutional right pronounced? 54 - 55 -Solvency 56 - 57 -Restricting qualified immunity is key to unveil abuse within the police state—the aff calls out abusive police 58 -Bernick ‘15 59 -Evan Bernick (Evan is the Assistant Director of the Center for Judicial Engagement at the Institute for Justice, a libertarian public interest law firm). “To Hold Police Accountable, Don't Give Them Immunity.” Foundation for Economic Education. May 6, 2015//KOHS-AG 60 -In the wake of the tragic deaths of Eric Garner, Tamir Rice, Walter 61 -AND 62 -granted, discovery stops, and there is no trial on the merits. 63 - 64 -Limiting qualified immunity is a uniquely key starting point to create policy accountability—alternatives are inaccessible 65 -De Stefan ‘16 66 -De Stefan, Lindsey, "“No Man Is Above the Law and No Man Is Below It:” How Qualified Immunity Reform Could Create Accountability and Curb Widespread Police Misconduct" (2017). Law School Student Scholarship. Paper 850.//KOHS-AG 67 -Altering the qualified immunity doctrine is an excellent way to begin the path to restoring 68 -AND 69 -of the stringent immunity afforded to police officers could take effect relatively quickly. 70 - 71 -Civil suits rebuild relations between communities and police 72 -De Stefan ‘16 73 -De Stefan, Lindsey, "“No Man Is Above the Law and No Man Is Below It:” How Qualified Immunity Reform Could Create Accountability and Curb Widespread Police Misconduct" (2017). Law School Student Scholarship. Paper 850.//KOHS-AG 74 -By beginning to mending the qualified immunity doctrine in these ways, 75 -AND 76 -surely be a long path to rebuilding the trust that is so crucial. 77 - 78 -Civil lawsuits are uniquely key to hold police accountable—compensation for victims creates change 79 -Cheh ‘96 80 -Cheh, Mary (Professor of Law, George Washington University Law School), “Are Lawsuits an Answer to Police Brutality,” in POLICE VIOLENCE, 248 (William Geller and Hans Toch eds., Yale University Press 1996)//KOHS-AG 81 -By contrast, the civil law, because of its greater flexibility and scope, 82 -AND 83 -but to reform so that the harm is not likely to be repeated. 84 - 85 -The aff refocuses civil movements—instead of focusing on individual acts, we take the police state out head-on 86 -Hassel ‘99 87 -Diana Hassel (Associate Professor at the Roger Williams University School of Law). “ Living a Lie: The Cost of Qualified Immunity.” Missouri Law Review 1999//KOHS-AG 88 -The focus on the intent of the actor in equal protection claims rather than the 89 -AND 90 -of an open debate concerning which civil rights should be protected and how. 91 - 92 -Underview 93 - 94 -Ideal theory can never guide action—you as a judge must reject abstractions 95 -Friere 96 -Freire, Paulo. Pedagogy of the Oppressed 1970 97 -Many Persons, bound to a mechanistic view of reality, do not perceive that 98 -AND 99 -of "communiques," whose contents are intended to exercise a domesticating influence. 100 - 101 -Only material realities are epistemically accessible 102 -Papineau ‘07 103 -David Papineau, “Naturalism”. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2007//KOHS-AG 104 -Moore took this argument to show that moral facts comprise a distinct species of non 105 -AND 106 -to see how we can we have any knowledge of them?. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,62 +1,0 @@ 1 -The presumption of static meaning misunderstands the interconnected nature of the world and its constant changing or becoming. 2 -Malins 1. Peta (2004). Machinic Assemblages: Deleuze, Guattari and an Ethico-Aesthetics of Drug Use. Janus Head, 7(1), 84-104. http://www.janushead.org/7-1/malins.pdf. AKB 3 -However it is the particular concept of the body activated by the excerpt–the 4 -AND 5 -LSD, a tripper. The drug using body is multiple. 6 - 7 - 8 -But, western metaphysics continually reaffirms the question of “is”, creating distinct, static categories that are then branded upon the world. I am me, you are you, two distinct, separate entities, always. This mode of thought traps bodies within a singular subjectivity, preventing any becoming other. 9 -Malins 2. Peta (2004). Machinic Assemblages: Deleuze, Guattari and an Ethico-Aesthetics of Drug Use. Janus Head, 7(1), 84-104. http://www.janushead.org/7-1/malins.pdf. AKB 10 -The concept of the rhizome developed by Deleuze and Guattari in A Thousand Plateaus provides 11 -AND 12 -prove themselves; to manoeuvre themselves into the privileged branch of each binary. 13 - 14 -Specifically, the state apparatus holds these categories in place, harshly defining the limits of becoming through a security logic that seeks to reduce everything to its predictable origin. This management creates the conditions in which any infraction upon order warrants infinite violence. 15 -Bell 07. Daniel M., Associate Professor of Theological Ethics, Lutheran Theological Southern Seminary, Journal for Cultural and Religious Theory, JCRT 8.2 SPRING 2007 55,d http://www.jcrt.org/archives/08.2/ 16 -Like Hobbes and Foucault, Deleuze holds that Life is constituted by motion; specifically 17 -AND 18 -we will have to look elsewhere. To this alternative we now turn. 19 - 20 -Status quo educational systems operate as extensions of the state apparatus zones of detainment par-excellence, harshly defining the conditions of education within rigid and predictable regulations. A recoding would require an upending of the current system. Thus, the Role of the Ballot is to vote for the debater who best embraces becoming. 21 -Allan 7. Julie, Rethinking Inclusive Education: The Philosophers of Difference in Practice. 2007. 22 -DETERRITORIALIZATION The striation of space is, according to Deleuze and Guattari (1987), 23 -AND 24 -suggests that it is worth further efforts to secure smooth spaces for inclusion. 25 - 26 -Nowhere has this been clearer than in student protests: 27 -May 4th, 1970; US soldiers at Ken State fire 67 rounds into a student protest. Thirteen seconds pass. 4 students are dead and 9 are injured. 28 -December 11th, 2009; Students protest a tuition increase at UC Berkeley. The 29 -AND 30 -, citing its commentary on lynching to be a disruption of public order. 31 - 32 -I advocate that public colleges and universities in the United States ought not restrict protest. 33 - 34 -We affirm protest in the educational space. We take the bricks from the classroom of reason and smash the windows to look beyond. 35 -Woods et. al., Michael, Jon Anderson, Steven Guilbert, and Suzie Watkin. "Rhizomic Radicalism and Arborescent Advocacy: A Deleuzo-Guattarian Reading of Rural Protest." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space Environment 31 (2012): 434-50. Print. 36 -Proposition 1. Rhizomic political assemblages are heterogeneous. They involve multiple connections between points 37 -AND 38 -on new lines” (Deleuze and Guattari, 1988, page 9). 39 - 40 -Specifically, this re-territorialization continually draws out trajectories against state domination. That’s key to a world beyond fascism. 41 -Bogue 07 (Ronald, Professor of Comparative Literature at the University of Georgia Deleuze's Way: Essays in Transverse Ethics and Aesthetics pg. 130-131) 42 -By Identifying nomads with the war machine, Deleuze and Guattari suggest that a nomadic 43 -AND 44 -of smooth-spacing is a generative production and circulation of nomadic flows. 45 - 46 -The unrestrained and explorative nature of rhizomatic protest opens up new epistemic possibilities – challenging the very nature of the frame of life introduces a pedagogy of radical critique, the only way to account for the ever-changing nature of the world. 47 -Livingston 12. Alexander, “Avoiding Deliberative Democracy? Micropolitics, Manipulation, and the Public Sphere”, Philosophy and Rhetoric, Vol. 45, No. 3 (2012), pp. 269-294. AKB 3’s Michigan 48 -It is important here to stress what a critical theory of Deliberative democracy is not 49 -AND 50 -as to displace old prejudices and allow new identities and claims to flourish. 51 - 52 -And, university movements have potential – that’s empirically proven by the Occupation at the New School in 09 53 -Research and Destroy 09. Communiqué from an Absent Future 2009. “On the Terminus of Student Life.” Anti-Capital Projects. 11-26-2009. http://anticapitalprojects.wordpress.com/2009/11/26/communique-from-an-absent-future-on-the-terminus-of-student-life/. AKB 54 -We must begin by preventing the university from functioning and. We must interrupt 55 -AND 56 -real and the possible can push the struggle in a more radical direction. 57 - 58 -Successful protest is always met with detainment by the state apparatus stemming from university policy; the same holds true here. 59 -Moynihan and Chan 09. Colin, Sewell. New York Times. Police Arrest 22 at New School Building. April 10, 2007, 10:05 AM. http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/04/10/students-occupy-new-school-building-again/?_r=0. AKB 60 -Updated, 10:37 p.m. | About 20 Police officers wearing 61 -AND 62 -back of a white van, around 11:30 a.m. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,75 +1,0 @@ 1 -Framework 2 -The standard is minimizing structural barriers, defined as alleviating the material conditions that commit structural violence on marginalized groups. Prefer— 3 -1) Debate should deal with material impacts—abstraction reflects privilege 4 -Curry ‘14 5 -Dr. Tommy J. Curry 14, “The Cost of a Thing: A Kingian Reformulation of a Living Wage Argument in the 21st Century”//KOHS-AG 6 -Despite the pronouncement of debate as an activity and intellectual exercise pointing to the real 7 -AND 8 -used to currently justify the living wages in under our contemporary moral parameters. 9 -2) Structural violence is based in moral exclusion—ethics do not apply if individuals are not included 10 -Winter and Leighton 11 -Deborah DuNann Winter and Dana C. Leighton. Psychologist that specializes in Social Psych, Counseling Psych, Historical and Contemporary Issues, Peace Psychology. Leighton: PhD graduate student in the Psychology Department at the University of Arkansas. Knowledgable in the fields of social psychology, peace psychology, and justice and intergroup responses to transgressions of justice “Peace, conflict, and violence: Peace psychology in the 21st century.” Pg 4-5//KOHS-AG 12 -Finally, to recognize the operation of structural violence forces us to ask questions about 13 -AND 14 -local cultures, will be our most surefooted path to building lasting peace. 15 -Advocacy 16 -I advocate that public colleges and universities in the United States ought not restrict any constitutionally protected speech. I reserve the right to clarify in CX. 17 -Advantage 1: Discourse (1:55) 18 -Censorship cedes the political and makes bigots feel more solidified about their beliefs—Trump proves 19 -Nichols ‘16 20 - (How the P.C. Police Propelled Donald Trump, 01.04.16, The Daily Beast, Tom Nichols) 21 -The American left created Donald Trump. When I say “the left,” I 22 -AND 23 -feels itself to be a silenced majority, and Trump is their solution. 24 -Censorship destroys the key ability of students to challenge disagreeable viewpoints by silencing them 25 -Snyder ‘15 26 -Bonnie K. Snyder. "Articles: It's Time for a New Free Speech Movement on Campus." American Thinker. N.p., 7 May 2015. Web. 01 Dec. 2016. 27 -The worst part of the suppression of free speech on a college campus is that 28 -AND 29 -brain. The true meaning of liberalism is being open to considering ideas. 30 -Empirics flow aff—speech codes lead to more tangible violence—open dialogue is key to solve 31 -Malik ‘12 32 -Kenan Malik, I am a writer, lecturer and broadcaster. My latest book is The Quest for a Moral Compass: A Global History of Ethics, “why hate speech should not be banned”, April 12, 2012, https://kenanmalik.wordpress.com/2012/04/19/why-hate-speech-should-not-be-banned/ 33 -And in practice, you cannot reduce or eliminate bigotry simply by banning it. 34 -AND 35 -threshold for liability should not be lowered just because hate speech is involved. 36 -Tailoring identity claims to common topics for deliberation is possible and desirable. We say fight hate speech with activist speech. 37 -Anderson ‘06 38 -Amanda Anderson 6, Andrew W. Mellon Professor of Humanities and English at Brown University, Spring 2006, “Reply to My Critic(s),” Criticism, Vol. 48, No. 2, p. 281-290 39 -Probyns piece is a mixture of affective fallacy, argument by authority, and bald 40 -AND 41 -and public debate has a vital role to play in such a task. 42 -Advantage 2: Student Government (1:00) 43 -Perceived violations of free speech turn student governments conservative—we control uniqueness 44 -Jones ‘16 45 -(Jeffrey M. Jones, “College Students Oppose Restrictions on Political Speech”, http://www.gallup.com/poll/190451/college-students-oppose-restrictions-political-speech.aspx) 46 -PRINCETON, N.J. ~-~- U.S. College students mostly reject 47 -AND 48 -sampling error is ±3 percentage points at the 95 confidence level. 49 -Conservative governments pass policies like concealed carry—they’re dangerous 50 -AeroAG ‘12 51 -AeroAG2012, 11/28/12, “Student Senate Passes Concealed Carry Bill, Overturns Veto by a 41-16 Margin”, https://texags.com/forums/16/topics/2220173 52 -The Texas AandM Personal Protection Bill, which supports a change in University 53 -AND 54 -Student Government and will be lobbied for at the University and State level. 55 -Impacts— 56 -1) Handguns on college campuses empirically increases rape 57 -Reindl ‘15 58 - Jade reindl is part of the Center for Information Management and Education Services , the International Youth Council and part of the End Rape on Campuses movement. She graduated from Florida State University and is a Chairperson at International Youth Council USA. “‘Campus Carry’ doesn’t protect women”. Miami Herald. SEPTEMBER 28, 2015 8:23 PM . http://www.miamiherald.com/opinion/letters-to-the-editor/article36880293.html. 59 -Strikingly, the rate of forcible rape on campuses that has recently enacted campus- 60 -AND 61 -increase in guns on campus doesn’t lead to a reduced rate of assault. 62 -2) Concealed carry chills discourse in classrooms—stifles social change 63 -PHW ‘14 64 -public Health Watch Keeping an Eye on the Public Impact of Modern Politics“Point Blank: Guns Don’t Belong On College Campuses – Here’s Why” March 2014 65 -https://publichealthwatch.wordpress.com/2014/03/10/point-blank-guns-dont-belong-on-college-campuses-heres-why/ KKJY 66 -In order to … the college experience. 67 -Advantage 3: Education 68 -Free speech prepares students for the real world 69 -Vivanco '16 70 -(Leonor Vivanco, August 25th, 2016, “U. of C. tells incoming freshmen it does not support 'trigger warnings' or 'safe spaces'”, http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-university-of-chicago-safe-spaces-letter-met-20160825-story.html3 71 -"It is not the … a statement at the time. 72 -Lack of counter-narratives produce echo-chambers that sustains existing power structures 73 -Sunstein '12 74 -(Cass R. Sunstein. Sep 17, 2012. “Breaking up the echo”. http://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/18/opinion/balanced-news-reports-may-only-inflame.html?_r=0) 75 -It is well known …, exactly, is saying it. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -2017-01-07 03:45:55.0 - Judge
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -Delil Agho-Otoghile - Opponent
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -SFA SM - ParentRound
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -6 - Round
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -4 - Team
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -Klein Oak George Aff - Title
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -JANFEB - Structural Violence 1AC - Tournament
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -UH
- Caselist.CitesClass[7]
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- Cites
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... ... @@ -1,87 +1,0 @@ 1 -Framework 2 -Exclusion is inevitable in any moral theory because it requires one to distinguish between good and bad. When we define justice, that definition always excludes that which it doesn’t account for. 3 -Hagglund 4 -Hägglund, Martin. Radical atheism: Derrida and the time of life. Stanford University Press, 2008. Swedish Philosopher, Literary Theorist, scholar of modernist literature, and currently a Junior Fellow in the Harvard Society of Fellows 5 -In effect, every attempt to organize life in accordance with ethical or political prescriptions 6 -AND 7 -is in the service of perpetrating the better. (82-83) 8 -The belief in peace is contradictory and justifies absolute violence—they foreclose the possibility of justice in the first place. 9 -Hagglund 10 -Hägglund, Martin. Radical atheism: Derrida and the time of life. Stanford University Press, 2008. Swedish Philosopher, Literary Theorist, scholar of modernist literature, and currently a Junior Fellow in the Harvard Society of Fellows 11 -Consequently, my argument is not that the desire for lesser violence doesn’t 12 -AND 13 -violence is itself violent and given over to possible contestation. (83) 14 -The only way to resolve inevitable conflict is to embrace that it is inevitable. This requires an agonistic commitment, which recognizes that conflict is inevitable, but frames the other as an opponent instead of an enemy. 15 -Mouffe ‘06 16 -Mouffe, Chantal (currently a Professor of Political Theory at the University of Westminster in the UK) “Bringing hegemony, agonism and the political into journalism and media studies: The Democratic Paradox” Journalism Studies 7(6): 964-75. 2006, 17 -Envisaged from the point of view of 'agonistic pluralism', the aim of democratic politics 18 -AND 19 -; but they should be seen as temporary respites in an ongoing confrontation. 20 -Thus, the standard is ensuring legitimate structures of pluralism. Impact calc: 21 -To clarify, the standard is means based. It is concerned with the availability to pursue discourse, not whether the discourse is “effective” or not, for that presupposes an already “correct” belief 22 -Butler ‘06 23 -Butler, Judith. Precarious life: The powers of mourning and violence. Verso, 2006 24 -Dissent and debate depends upon the inclusion of those who maintain critical 25 -AND 26 -as the ability to think critically and publicly about the effects of war. 27 -(Analytic) 28 -(Analytic) 29 -(Analytic) 30 -Advocacy 31 -I advocate that public colleges and universities in the United States ought not restrict any constitutionally protected speech. I reserve the right to clarify in CX. 32 -Advantage 1: Discourse (1:55) 33 -Censorship cedes the political and makes bigots feel more solidified about their beliefs—Trump proves 34 -Nichols ‘16 35 - (How the P.C. Police Propelled Donald Trump, 01.04.16, The Daily Beast, Tom Nichols) 36 -The American left created Donald Trump. When I say “the left,” I 37 -AND 38 -feels itself to be a silenced majority, and Trump is their solution. 39 -Censorship destroys the key ability of students to challenge disagreeable viewpoints by silencing them 40 -Snyder ‘15 41 -Bonnie K. Snyder. "Articles: It's Time for a New Free Speech Movement on Campus." American Thinker. N.p., 7 May 2015. Web. 01 Dec. 2016. 42 -The worst part of the suppression of free speech on a college campus is that 43 -AND 44 -brain. The true meaning of liberalism is being open to considering ideas. 45 -Empirics flow aff—speech codes lead to more tangible violence—open dialogue is key to solve 46 -Malik ‘12 47 -Kenan Malik, I am a writer, lecturer and broadcaster. My latest book is The Quest for a Moral Compass: A Global History of Ethics, “why hate speech should not be banned”, April 12, 2012, https://kenanmalik.wordpress.com/2012/04/19/why-hate-speech-should-not-be-banned/ 48 -And in practice, you cannot reduce or eliminate bigotry simply by banning it. 49 -AND 50 -threshold for liability should not be lowered just because hate speech is involved. 51 -Advantage 2: Student Government (1:00) 52 -Perceived violations of free speech turn student governments conservative—we control uniqueness 53 -Jones ‘16 54 -(Jeffrey M. Jones, “College Students Oppose Restrictions on Political Speech”, http://www.gallup.com/poll/190451/college-students-oppose-restrictions-political-speech.aspx) 55 -PRINCETON, N.J. ~-~- U.S. College students mostly reject 56 -AND 57 -sampling error is ±3 percentage points at the 95 confidence level. 58 -Conservative governments pass policies like concealed carry—they’re dangerous 59 -AeroAG ‘12 60 -(AeroAG2012, 11/28/12, “Student Senate Passes Concealed Carry Bill, Overturns Veto by a 41-16 Margin”, https://texags.com/forums/16/topics/2220173 61 -The Texas AandM Personal Protection Bill, which supports a change in University 62 -AND 63 -Student Government and will be lobbied for at the University and State level. 64 -Two impacts— 65 -1) Handguns on college campuses empirically increases rape 66 -Reindl ‘15 67 - Jade reindl is part of the Center for Information Management and Education Services , the International Youth Council and part of the End Rape on Campuses movement. She graduated from Florida State University and is a Chairperson at International Youth Council USA. “‘Campus Carry’ doesn’t protect women”. Miami Herald. SEPTEMBER 28, 2015 8:23 PM . http://www.miamiherald.com/opinion/letters-to-the-editor/article36880293.html. 68 -Strikingly, the rate of forcible rape on campuses that has recently enacted campus- 69 -AND 70 -increase in guns on campus doesn’t lead to a reduced rate of assault. 71 -2) Concealed carry chills discourse in classrooms—stifles social change 72 -PHW ‘14 73 -public Health Watch Keeping an Eye on the Public Impact of Modern Politics“Point Blank: Guns Don’t Belong On College Campuses – Here’s Why” March 2014 74 -https://publichealthwatch.wordpress.com/2014/03/10/point-blank-guns-dont-belong-on-college-campuses-heres-why/ KKJY 75 -In order to … to the college experience. 76 -Advantage 3: Education 77 -Free speech prepares students for the real world by reducing academic insulation. 78 -Vivanco 16 (Leonor Vivanco, August 25th, 2016, “U. of C. tells incoming freshmen it does not support 'trigger warnings' or 'safe spaces'”, http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-university-of-chicago-safe-spaces-letter-met-20160825-story.html3 79 -"It is not the … in a statement at the time. 80 -Lack of counter-narratives produce echo-chambers that sustains existing power structures whilst deluding liberals otherwise. 81 -Sunstein 12 (Cass R. Sunstein. Sep 17, 2012. “Breaking up the echo”. http://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/18/opinion/balanced-news-reports-may-only-inflame.html?_r=0) 82 -It is well known that when …, exactly, is saying it. 83 -Underview 84 -State is inevitable—deliberation on policymaking is key for debaters to create change 85 -Coverstone ‘05 86 -Alan Coverstone, Masters in Communication from Wake Forest, Longtime Debate Coach, “Acting on Activism: Realizing the Vision of Debate with Pro-social Impact” Paper presented at the National Communication Association Annual Conference November 15, 2005. *Modified for ableist language.* //KOHS-AG 87 -An important concern … abstention in America today. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -2017-01-07 15:36:19.0 - Judge
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -Panel - Opponent
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -Katy Taylor CR - ParentRound
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -7 - Round
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -Doubles - Team
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -Klein Oak George Aff - Title
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -JANFEB - Agonism 1AC - Tournament
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -UH
- Caselist.CitesClass[8]
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- Cites
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... ... @@ -1,112 +1,0 @@ 1 -===Framework === 2 - 3 - 4 -====Exclusion is inevitable in any moral theory because it requires one to distinguish between good and bad. When we define justice, that definition always excludes that which it doesn’t account for.==== 5 -Hagglund 6 -Hägglund, Martin. Radical atheism: Derrida and the time of life. Stanford University Press, 2008. ~~Swedish Philosopher, Literary Theorist, scholar of modernist literature, and currently a Junior Fellow in the Harvard Society of Fellows~~ 7 -In effect, every attempt to organize life in accordance with ethical or political prescriptions 8 -AND 9 -is in the service of perpetrating the better. (82-83) 10 - 11 - 12 -====The belief in peace is contradictory and justifies absolute violence—they foreclose the possibility of justice in the first place.==== 13 -Hagglund 14 -Hägglund, Martin. Radical atheism: Derrida and the time of life. Stanford University Press, 2008. ~~Swedish Philosopher, Literary Theorist, scholar of modernist literature, and currently a Junior Fellow in the Harvard Society of Fellows~~ 15 -Consequently, my argument is not that the desire for lesser violence ~~doesn’t~~ 16 -AND 17 -violence is itself violent and given over to possible contestation. (83) 18 - 19 - 20 -====The only way to resolve inevitable conflict is to embrace that it is inevitable. This requires an agonistic commitment, which recognizes that conflict is inevitable, but frames the other as an opponent instead of an enemy.==== 21 -Mouffe ‘06 22 -**Mouffe**, Chantal (currently a Professor of Political Theory at the University of Westminster in the UK) "Bringing hegemony, agonism and the political into journalism and media studies: The Democratic Paradox" Journalism Studies 7(6): 964-75. 20**06**, 23 -Envisaged from the point of view of 'agonistic pluralism', the aim of democratic politics 24 -AND 25 -; but they should be seen as temporary respites in an ongoing confrontation. 26 - 27 - 28 -====Thus, the standard is ensuring legitimate structures of pluralism. Impact calc: ==== 29 - 30 - 31 -====The standard is concerned with the availability to pursue discourse, not whether the discourse is "effective" or not, for that presupposes an already "correct" belief==== 32 -Butler ‘06 33 -Butler, Judith. Precarious life: The powers of mourning and violence. Verso, 2006 34 -Dissent and debate depend~~s~~ upon the inclusion of those who maintain critical 35 -AND 36 -as the ability to think critically and publicly about the effects of war. 37 - 38 - 39 -===Advocacy=== 40 - 41 - 42 -====I advocate that public colleges and universities in the United States ought not restrict any constitutionally protected speech. I defend normal means but reserve the right to clarify in CX in asked.==== 43 - 44 - 45 -===Advantage 1: Discourse === 46 - 47 - 48 -====Censorship cedes the political and makes bigots feel more solidified about their beliefs—Trump proves==== 49 -Nichols ‘16 50 - (How the P.C. Police Propelled Donald Trump, 01.04.16, The Daily Beast, Tom Nichols) 51 -The American left created Donald Trump. When I say "the left," I 52 -AND 53 -feels itself to be a silenced majority, and Trump is their solution. 54 - 55 - 56 -====Censorship destroys the key ability of students to challenge disagreeable viewpoints AND paints certain viewpoints as illegitimate—that kills agonistic democracy==== 57 -Snyder ‘15 58 -Bonnie K. Snyder. "Articles: It's Time for a New Free Speech Movement on Campus." American Thinker. N.p., 7 May 2015. Web. 01 Dec. 2016. 59 -The worst part of the suppression of free speech on a college campus is that 60 -AND 61 -brain. The true meaning of liberalism is being open to considering ideas. 62 - 63 - 64 -====Empirics flow aff—speech codes lead to more tangible violence—open dialogue is key to solve==== 65 -Malik ‘12 66 -Kenan Malik, I am a writer, lecturer and broadcaster. My latest book is The Quest for a Moral Compass: A Global History of Ethics, "why hate speech should not be banned", April 12, 2012, https://kenanmalik.wordpress.com/2012/04/19/why-hate-speech-should-not-be-banned/ 67 -And in practice, you cannot reduce or eliminate bigotry simply by banning it. 68 -AND 69 -threshold for liability should not be lowered just because hate speech is involved. 70 - 71 - 72 -====Free speech is key to real-world training==== 73 -Vivanco ‘16 74 -(Leonor Vivanco, August 25^^th^^, 2016, "U. of C. tells incoming freshmen it does not support 'trigger warnings' or 'safe spaces'", http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-university-of-chicago-safe-spaces-letter-met-20160825-story.html3 75 -"It is not the proper role of the University to attempt to shield individuals 76 -AND 77 -standards," board Chairman Tom Spurgeon said in a statement at the time. 78 - 79 - 80 -====Lack of counter-narratives produce echo-chambers that sustains existing power structures==== 81 -Sunstein ‘12 82 -Cass R. Sunstein. Sep 17, 2012. "Breaking up the echo". http://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/18/opinion/balanced-news-reports-may-only-inflame.html?'r=0 83 -It is well known that when likeminded people get together, they tend 84 -AND 85 -not what is said, but who, exactly, is saying it. 86 - 87 - 88 -===Advantage 2: Counterspeech === 89 - 90 - 91 -====Speech codes get used against black rights activists—empirics==== 92 -Strossen ‘90 93 -Nadine Strossen (President of the American Civil Liberties Union from February 1991 to October 2008, John Marshall Harlan II Professor of Law at New York Law School., "Regulating Racist Speech on Campus: A Modest Proposal?", Duke Law Journal, Vol. 1990, No. 3, Frontiers of Legal Thought II. The New First Amendment 94 -First, there is no persuasive psychological evidence that punishment for name-calling changes 95 -AND 96 -far more problems of equality and enforceability than it would solve.3 87 97 - 98 - 99 -====History proves—free speech is key to protect black rights movements==== 100 -Strossen ‘90 101 -Nadine Strossen (President of the American Civil Liberties Union from February 1991 to October 2008, John Marshall Harlan II Professor of Law at New York Law School., "Regulating Racist Speech on Campus: A Modest Proposal?", Duke Law Journal, Vol. 1990, No. 3, Frontiers of Legal Thought II. The New First Amendment 102 -It is particularly important to devise anti-racism strategies consistent with the first amendment 103 -AND 104 -other government officials also was protected under the same principles 431 and precedents. 105 - 106 - 107 -====The aff creates counterspeech movements that create real ideological change—the aff is a prereq to grassroots movements==== 108 -Calleros ‘95 109 -Charles R. Calleros (Professor of Law, Arizona State University. The author wishes to thank Robert M. O'Neil and James Weinstein for their helpful comments and Richard Delgado for his support and encouragement). PATERNALISM, COUNTERSPEECH, AND CAMPUS HATE-SPEECH CODES: A REPLY TO DELGADO AND YUN. Arizona State Law Journal; Arizona State Law Journal. Winter 1995. 110 -Delgado and Yun characterize these arguments as "paternalistic" and "seriously flawed." 111 -AND 112 -would feel pressures to maintain its status as a minimally integrated institution. n78 - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -2017-02-18 19:03:43.0 - Judge
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -Jeremy Dang - Opponent
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -North Allegheny JF - ParentRound
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -9 - Round
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -1 - Team
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -Klein Oak George Aff - Title
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -JANFEB - Agonism 1AC v2 - Tournament
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -Harvard
- Caselist.CitesClass[9]
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- Cites
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... ... @@ -1,120 +1,0 @@ 1 -=1AC= 2 - 3 - 4 -===Advocacy=== 5 - 6 - 7 -====I advocate that public colleges and universities in the United States ought not restrict any constitutionally protected speech. I reserve the right to clarify in CX.==== 8 - 9 - 10 -===Advantage 1: Discourse === 11 - 12 - 13 -====Censorship cedes the political and makes bigots feel more solidified about their beliefs—Trump proves==== 14 -Nichols ‘16 15 - (How the P.C. Police Propelled Donald Trump, 01.04.16, The Daily Beast, Tom Nichols) 16 -The American left created Donald Trump. When I say "the left," I 17 -AND 18 -feels itself to be a silenced majority, and Trump is their solution. 19 - 20 - 21 -====Censorship destroys the key ability of students to challenge disagreeable viewpoints by silencing them==== 22 -Snyder ‘15 23 -Bonnie K. Snyder. "Articles: It's Time for a New Free Speech Movement on Campus." American Thinker. N.p., 7 May 2015. Web. 01 Dec. 2016. 24 -The worst part of the suppression of free speech on a college campus is that 25 -AND 26 -brain. The true meaning of liberalism is being open to considering ideas. 27 - 28 - 29 -====Empirics flow aff—speech codes lead to more tangible violence—open dialogue is key to solve==== 30 -Malik ‘12 31 -Kenan Malik, I am a writer, lecturer and broadcaster. My latest book is The Quest for a Moral Compass: A Global History of Ethics, "why hate speech should not be banned", April 12, 2012, https://kenanmalik.wordpress.com/2012/04/19/why-hate-speech-should-not-be-banned/ 32 -And in practice, you cannot reduce or eliminate bigotry simply by banning it. 33 -AND 34 -threshold for liability should not be lowered just because hate speech is involved. 35 - 36 - 37 -====Free speech is key to real-world training==== 38 -Vivanco ‘16 39 -(Leonor Vivanco, August 25^^th^^, 2016, "U. of C. tells incoming freshmen it does not support 'trigger warnings' or 'safe spaces'", http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-university-of-chicago-safe-spaces-letter-met-20160825-story.html3 40 -"It is not the proper role of the University to attempt to shield individuals 41 -AND 42 -standards," board Chairman Tom Spurgeon said in a statement at the time. 43 - 44 - 45 -====Lack of counter-narratives produce echo-chambers that sustains existing power structures==== 46 -Sunstein ‘12 47 -Cass R. Sunstein. Sep 17, 2012. "Breaking up the echo". http://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/18/opinion/balanced-news-reports-may-only-inflame.html?'r=0 48 -It is well known that when likeminded people get together, they tend 49 -AND 50 -not what is said, but who, exactly, is saying it. 51 - 52 - 53 -===Advantage 2: Counterspeech === 54 - 55 - 56 -====Speech codes get used against black rights activists—empirics==== 57 -Strossen ‘90 58 -Nadine Strossen (President of the American Civil Liberties Union from February 1991 to October 2008, John Marshall Harlan II Professor of Law at New York Law School., "Regulating Racist Speech on Campus: A Modest Proposal?", Duke Law Journal, Vol. 1990, No. 3, Frontiers of Legal Thought II. The New First Amendment 59 -First, there is no persuasive psychological evidence that punishment for name-calling changes 60 -AND 61 -far more problems of equality and enforceability than it would solve.3 87 62 - 63 - 64 -====History proves—free speech is key to protect black rights movements==== 65 -Strossen ‘90 66 -Nadine Strossen (President of the American Civil Liberties Union from February 1991 to October 2008, John Marshall Harlan II Professor of Law at New York Law School., "Regulating Racist Speech on Campus: A Modest Proposal?", Duke Law Journal, Vol. 1990, No. 3, Frontiers of Legal Thought II. The New First Amendment 67 -It is particularly important to devise anti-racism strategies consistent with the first amendment 68 -AND 69 -other government officials also was protected under the same principles 431 and precedents. 70 - 71 - 72 -====The aff creates counterspeech movements that create real ideological change—the aff is a prereq to grassroots movements==== 73 -Calleros ‘95 74 -Charles R. Calleros (Professor of Law, Arizona State University. The author wishes to thank Robert M. O'Neil and James Weinstein for their helpful comments and Richard Delgado for his support and encouragement). PATERNALISM, COUNTERSPEECH, AND CAMPUS HATE-SPEECH CODES: A REPLY TO DELGADO AND YUN. Arizona State Law Journal; Arizona State Law Journal. Winter 1995. 75 -Delgado and Yun characterize these arguments as "paternalistic" and "seriously flawed." 76 -AND 77 -would feel pressures to maintain its status as a minimally integrated institution. n78 78 - 79 - 80 -===Framing=== 81 - 82 - 83 -====Debate should deal with liberation strategies centered around tangible action. The role of the ballot is to endorse the best liberatory strategy==== 84 -Giroux 06 85 -Giroux, Henry A. America on the edge: Henry Giroux on politics, culture, and education. Palgrave Macmillan, 2006. PESH AK 86 -The National Association of Urban Debate Leagues (UDLs) represents a promising, innovative 87 -AND 88 -in ways that demonstrate political conviction, civic courage, and collective responsibility. 89 - 90 - 91 -====Action is key to creating a new world—critique does nothing without action==== 92 -Giroux ‘13 93 -, Henry. "Critique Is Not Enough: Teaching and Learning with Henry Giroux." (20**13**) Henry Giroux on the Militarization of Public Pedagogy. CounterPunch, 27 Sept. 2013. ~~Professor of English and Cultural Studies at McMaster University~~ PESH AK 94 -Also, young people are recognizing that they’re not going to find their voice in 95 -AND 96 -need a language of possibility to be able to go forward with this. 97 - 98 - 99 -====Exclusion is inevitable in any moral theory because it requires one to distinguish between good and bad. When we define justice, that definition always excludes that which it doesn’t account for.==== 100 -Hagglund 101 -Hägglund, Martin. Radical atheism: Derrida and the time of life. Stanford University Press, 2008. ~~Swedish Philosopher, Literary Theorist, scholar of modernist literature, and currently a Junior Fellow in the Harvard Society of Fellows~~ 102 -In effect, every attempt to organize life in accordance with ethical or political prescriptions 103 -AND 104 -is in the service of perpetrating the better. (82-83) 105 - 106 - 107 -====The aff method is to liberate through agonism. Agonistic engagement is a key starting point for critique==== 108 -Hagglund 109 -Hägglund, Martin. Radical atheism: Derrida and the time of life. Stanford University Press, 2008. ~~Swedish Philosopher, Literary Theorist, scholar of modernist literature, and currently a Junior Fellow in the Harvard Society of Fellows~~ 110 -Consequently, my argument is not that the desire for lesser violence ~~doesn’t~~ 111 -AND 112 -violence is itself violent and given over to possible contestation. (83) 113 - 114 - 115 -====However, our understanding and deployment of theories must be understand the material conditions that influence the world. Thus, we must use the material realities of oppression to contextualize application of ethical theories==== 116 -Curry ‘14 117 -Dr. Tommy J. Curry 14, "The Cost of a Thing: A Kingian Reformulation of a Living Wage Argument in the 21st Century"//KOHS-AG 118 -Despite the pronouncement of debate as an activity and intellectual exercise pointing to the real 119 -AND 120 -used to currently justify the living wages in under our contemporary moral parameters. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -2017-02-19 17:43:47.0 - Judge
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -Jen Melin - Opponent
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -Stuyvesant PY - ParentRound
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -3 - Team
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -Klein Oak George Aff - Title
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -JANFEB - Counterspeech 1AC - Tournament
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -Harvard
- Caselist.CitesClass[10]
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... ... @@ -1,114 +1,0 @@ 1 -==1AC== 2 - 3 - 4 -===Framework=== 5 - 6 - 7 -====Non-naturalist theories are epistemically inaccessible—ethics must deal with material consequences==== 8 -Papineau ‘07 9 -David Papineau, "Naturalism". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2007//KOHS-AG 10 -Moore took this argument to show that moral facts comprise a distinct species of non 11 -AND 12 -to see how we can ~~we~~ have any knowledge of them~~?~~. 13 - 14 - 15 -====Next, all people share a certain ultimate value—the ability to flourish. However, access to value is constrained by material inequalities. Ethics must foster the ability for individuals to flourish by correcting material inequalities==== 16 -Kain ‘92 17 -Philip J. Kain. "Aristotle, Kant, and the ethics of the young Marx." (1992) Marx and Aristotle: Nineteenth Century German Social Theory and Classical Antiquity, Maryland: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, Inc: 216-217 18 -Marx's concepts of objectification and of species essence involve view of freedom that in many 19 -AND 20 -relation but one that realizes our essence, and thus must be universalizable. 21 - 22 - 23 -====The standard is promoting the conditions for human flourishing, defined as providing the material conditions for individuals to better themselves. Impact calc—==== 24 - 25 -(Analytic) 26 -(Analytic) 27 - 28 -====The framework is concerned with those at the bottom of the social ladder since those are the ones constantly excluded from being able to flourish==== 29 -Winter and Leighton ‘99 30 -Deborah DuNann Winter and Dana C. Leighton. ~~Psychologist that specializes in Social Psych, Counseling Psych, Historical and Contemporary Issues, Peace Psychology. Leighton: PhD graduate student in the Psychology Department at the University of Arkansas. Knowledgable in the fields of social psychology, peace psychology, and justice and intergroup responses to transgressions of justice~~ "Peace, conflict, and violence: Peace psychology in the 21st century." Pg 4-5//KOHS-AG 31 -Finally, to recognize the operation of structural violence forces us to ask questions about 32 -AND 33 -local cultures, will be our most surefooted path to building lasting peace. 34 - 35 - 36 -====Evaluate the round from the position of the homeless—resistance to oppressive structures requires addressing material realities to allow for flourishing==== 37 -Rex ‘14 38 -(runs F Yeah Anarchists Stickers and contribute to Anarchist Communism) "OMNIA SUNT COMMUNIA." 39 -The reason I am so "fixated" with pretending to be a post- 40 -AND 41 -—those claims all come from the privileged position of those living inside houses 42 - 43 - 44 -===Plan=== 45 - 46 - 47 -====Plan Text: The United States federal government ought to guarantee the right to housing through increasing funding for Housing First initiatives. Solvency advocate clarifies. I’m willing to clarify or modify the advocacy if asked in cross-ex to grant you DA links.==== 48 -Cohen ’15 is the solvency advocate 49 -RACHEL M. COHEN. 'Housing First' Policy for Addressing Homelessness Hamstrung By Funding Issues. The American Prospect. JANUARY 27, 2015//KOHS-AG 50 -Nevertheless, the reality is that at the same time policymakers are embracing the idea 51 -AND 52 -the director of policy for the National Health Care for the Homeless Council. 53 - 54 - 55 -====Housing First has been empirically successful in Utah==== 56 -**Surowiecki ’14 ** 57 -James Surowiecki. "Give the Homeless Homes." The New Yorker. 22 Sept. 2014. Web. 25 Feb. 2017. http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2014/09/22/home-free. ~~Staff writer at The New Yorker. Contributing editor at Fortune. Previous business columnist for New York. Contributed to the Wall Street Journal, Wired, the Times Magazine, the Washington Post, and Lingua FrancaHis book, "The Wisdom of Crowds: Why the Many Are Smarter than the Few and How Collective Wisdom Shapes Business, Economies, Societies, and Nations," was published in 2004.~~ 58 -"In 2005, Utah set out to fix a problem that’s often thought of 59 -AND 60 -: what looks like a giveaway may actually be a really wise investment." 61 - 62 - 63 -====Housing First reduces increases housing retention by up to 62.==== 64 -**Kertesz et al ‘16** 65 -Kertesz, Stefan G., Travis P. Baggett, James O'Connell, David S. Buck, and Margot B. Kushel. "Permanent Supportive Housing for Homeless People — Reframing the Debate." The New England Journal of Medicine 375 (2016): 2115-117. The New England Journal of Medicine. Massachusetts Medical Society. Web. 27 Feb. 2017. http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMp1608326~~#t=article. ~~Kertesz, M.D., Baggett, M.D. / M.P.H., O’Connelll, M.D., Buck, M.D. / M.P.H., and Kushel, M.D.~~ 66 -"The persistence of homelessness in the United States has increased interest in providing permanent 67 -AND 68 -scientifically sound, economically reasonable, and ethical approach to addressing chronic homelessness." 69 - 70 - 71 -===Advantage 1: Race=== 72 - 73 - 74 -====Home inequity kills school funding and perpetuates cycles of poverty==== 75 -Matthew et al ‘17 76 -Matthew, Dayna Bowen, Richard V. Reeves, and Edward Rodrigue. "Health, Housing, and Racial Justice: An Agenda for the Trump Administration." Brookings. Brookings Institute, 17 Jan. 2017. Web. 23 Feb. 2017. https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/ccf'20170116'racial'segregation'and'health'matthew'reeves2.pdf. ~~Matthew is a nonresident senior fellow in the Center for Health Policy. Works at the University of Colorado School of Law, the Colorado School of Public Health, and the Center for Bioethics and Humanities at the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center. Reeves is a senior fellow in Economic Studies, policy director of the Center on Children and Families, and editor-in-chief of the Social Mobility Memos blog. Former director of strategy to the UK’s Deputy Prime Minister, former director of Demos (London-based political think-tank), former director of futures at the Work Foundation, former principal policy advisor to the Minister for Welfare Reform, former research fellow at the Institute for Public Policy Research, and former researcher at the Institute of Psychiatry, University of London. BA from Oxford University and a PhD from Warwick University. Rodrigue is a writer for Brookings.~~ 77 - "There is a strong connection between area of residence and school quality. 78 -AND 79 -of segregation allows them to see black student’s struggles as another community’s problem." 80 - 81 - 82 -====Criminalization makes homeless populations disposable==== 83 -Amnster ‘03 84 -Randall Amster. Social Justice. Volume 30, No.1 (91). Race, Security and Social Movements (2003). Published by Social Justice/Global Options. Patterns of Exclusion: Sanitizing Space, Criminalizing Homelessness 85 -As Henry Miller (1991) has observed, there have been times in history 86 -AND 87 -to remove from new spaces of consumption and development images of alternative identity. 88 - 89 - 90 -====Plan solves—==== 91 - 92 - 93 -====It puts homeless minorities in better neighborhoods—empirics==== 94 -Dickson-Gomez ‘16 95 -Julia Dickson-Gomez, corresponding author Timothy McAuliffe, Chinekwu Obidoa, Katherine Quinn, and Margaret Weeks. "The relationship between housing subsidies and supportive housing on neighborhood distress and housing satisfaction: does drug use make a difference?" Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy. 2016; 11: 20. Published online 2016 May 27 96 -Given that African Americans who receive subsidized housing were more likely to live in higher 97 -AND 98 -Americans living in their own apartments without a subsidy (see Table 3). 99 - 100 - 101 -====Having a home ensures minorities aren’t constantly caught paying medical bills==== 102 -McCambridge and Nimishakavi ‘17 103 -RUTH MCCAMBRIDGE AND SHEELA NIMISHAKAVI. "First Steps Toward Repeal of ACA and What Communities Really Need." Non-Profit Quarterly. January 12, 2017. 104 -For well over four decades, health systems and hospitals have experimented with expanding their 105 -AND 106 -access to the basic necessities of our lives.—Sheela Nimishakavi and Ruth McCambridge 107 - 108 - 109 -====Housing First departs from the racist practices of former programs in favor of ethno-racial inclusivity==== 110 -**Stergiopoulos et al ‘12** 111 -Stergiopoulos, Vicky, Patricia O’Campo, Agnes Gozdzik, Jeyagobi Jeyaratnam, Simon Corneau, Aseefa Sarang, and Stephen W. Hwang. "Moving from Rhetoric to Reality: Adapting Housing First for Homeless Individuals with Mental Illness from Ethno-racial Groups." BMC Health Services Research 12.1 (2012): n. pag. BMC Health Services Research. Web. 4 Mar. 2017. https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1472-6963-12-345. 112 -"Both anti-racist and anti-oppressive principles are rooted in a commitment 113 -AND 114 -budget also includes an allowance for furnishing and moving costs. ~~41~~." - EntryDate
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