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-A. Interpretation: the aff should ONLY defend enactment of a topical plan—that means a state policy action of the USFG limting qualified immunity. |
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-Limit means "bound." |
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-Court of Appeals of Maryland 2 (SY-LENE OF WASHINGTON, INC. v. STARWOOD URBAN RETAIL II, LLC No. 132, September Term, 2002 COURT OF APPEALS OF MARYLAND 376 Md. 157; 829 A.2d 540; 2003 Md. LEXIS 455 July 29, 2003, Filed) |
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-Definitions of the ... area or range. |
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-Resolved means the affirmative must defend the implementation of a policy action by a government. |
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-Parcher 1 (Jeff, Fmr. Debate Coach at Georgetown University, February, http://www.ndtceda.com/archives/200102/0790.html) |
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-Pardon me if ... to a question. |
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-B-C. Analytics |
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-Preparation and clash—changing the topic post facto manipulates balance of prep, which structurally favors the aff because they speak last and permute alternatives—strategic fairness is key to engaging a well-prepared opponent – they monopolize strategy and subvert any meaningful neg role |
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-Ryan Galloway 7, Samford Comm prof, Contemporary Argumentation and Debate, Vol. 28, 2007 |
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-Debate as a ... of topical advocacy. |
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-Only maintaining a limited topic of discussion and a clear stasis for both teams provides the necessary and requisite foundation for decision-making and advocacy skills and ensures clash within debates – even if they are contestable, that is different from being valuably debatable. |
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-Steinberg and Freeley ‘8 *Austin J. Freeley is a Boston based attorney who focuses on criminal, personal injury and civil rights law, AND **David L. Steinberg , Lecturer of Communication Studies @ U Miami, Argumentation and Debate: Critical Thinking for Reasoned Decision Making pp45- |
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-Debate is a ...the following discussion. |
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-D-E. Analytics |