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+===College Campus === |
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+ |
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+**====Rousseau**^^ ^^**====** |
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+I SUPPOSE men to have reached the point at which the |
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+And |
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+working of the political machine; this alone legitimizes civil undertakings, which, without it, would be absurd, tyrannical, and liable to the most frightful abuse. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+**====Rousseau 2**^^ ^^**====** |
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+I WARN the reader that this chapter requires careful reading, and that I am |
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+And |
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+l, there would be, so to speak, two Sovereigns, one rightful and the other actual, the social union would evaporate instantly, and the body politic would be dissolved. |
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+ |
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+The standard is consistency with deliberative democracy. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+===Offense === |
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+Hence, colleges and universities ought not restrict any form of constitutionally protected speech because speech is key to the procedural inclusion of voices and upholding a deliberative democracy. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Maloney^^ ^^ '16==== |
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+In grade school, I learned that debate is defined as "a discussion between |
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+And |
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+up to us to fight back to ensure that our First Amendment rights remain protected—not just on college campuses, but everywhere in America. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====To clarify, speech that produces a clear an imminent danger is considered unconstitutional ==== |
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+Joshua **Waimberg 15**, is a legal fellow at the National Constitution Center., 11-2-2015, "Schenck v. United States: Defining the limits of free speech," Constitution Daily, a href="http://blog.constitutioncenter.org/2015/11/schenck-v-united-states-defining-the-limits-of-free-speech/"http://blog.constitutioncenter.org/2015/11/schenck-v-united-states-defining-the-limits-of-free-speech//a |
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+This quote, while famous for its analogy, also gave the Court a pragmatic |
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+AND |
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+both Chelsea Manning and Edward Snowden have also been charged under the Act. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Impacts of speech are instantaneous and have no recourse. Lawrence==== |
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+**Lawrence,** C. R. (1990). If He Hollers Let Him Go: Regulating Racist Speech on Campus. Duke Law Journal, 1990(3), 431. doi:10.2307/1372554 |
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+This regulation and others like it have been characterized in the press as the work |
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+AND |
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+of response until well after the assault when the cowardly assaulter has departed. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Hate speech excludes Lawrence==== |
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+**Lawrence,** C. R. (1990). If He Hollers Let Him Go: Regulating Racist Speech on Campus. Duke Law Journal, 1990(3), 431. doi:10.2307/1372554 |
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+A second factor that distinguishes racial insults from protected speech is the preemptive nature of |
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+AND |
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+the effect of pervasive racial and sexual violence and coercion on individual |
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+ |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====And, Post fiat policy requires free speech, the aff is the prerequisite to neg restrictions or alternatives. ==== |
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+**Jones et Al. 09** Nicola Jones, Ajoy Datta and Harry Jones. "Knowledge, policy and power Six dimensions of the knowledge– development policy interface." Overseas Development Institute |
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+At the knowledge generation end of the 'funnel', IS approaches to policymaking emphasise |
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+AND |
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+ways in which new knowledge can empower end users (see Box 8). |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Endorsing restrictions ignores that exclusive educational norms are the root cause of disempowerment. The aff's method of inclusive is key to solving. ==== |
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+bell hooks ^^ ^^ |
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+Many of our colleagues were initially reluctant participants in this change. Many folks found |
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+AND |
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+approaching a novel could not coexist in classrooms that also offered new perspectives. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====And, restrictions won't work, they will only rally the alt right. The rhetoric and logic of liberal movements has couched the advancement of the radical right. ==== |
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+Zachary **Woodman 16**, 11-29-2016, "Identity Politics, the Alt-Right, and Empathy in Cultural Discourse," Notes On Liberty, a href="https://notesonliberty.com/2016/11/29/identity-politics-the-alt-right-and-empathy-in-cultural-discourse/"https://notesonliberty.com/2016/11/29/identity-politics-the-alt-right-and-empathy-in-cultural-discourse//a |
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+Indeed, this type of rhetoric is at the heart of the rise of the |
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+AND |
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+-culture current of the gay rights movement. Rorty describes it beautifully: |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Rise of the radical right leads to racism==== |
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+Jason **Wilson 16**, 8-1-2016, "'The races are not equal': meet the alt-right leader in Clinton's campaign ad," Guardian, a href="https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/aug/26/jared-taylor-alt-right-clinton-trump"https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/aug/26/jared-taylor-alt-right-clinton-trump/a |
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+Political scientist George Hawley, who authored a book on the crisis of mainstream conservatism |
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+AND |
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+longstanding, and will be apparent well beyond the election," said Berlet. |