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1 +Young people overwhelmingly oppose GM foods, this opposition is misled and lacks scientific basis
2 +Singal 16 (Jesse, Senior editor for New York Magazine) “Millennials Have Bad Views on GMOs,” New York Magazine, 12/08/16 DD
3 +As the numbers show, almost half of those in the 18-to-29 age range believe genetically modified foods pose health risks. Drilling down to more specific results, a fifth and a fourth of millennials believe, respectively, that genetically modified foods will “very likely” lead to health problems or create problems for the environment. None of these beliefs reflect the consensus of scientists. On GM foods, a long-standing campaign of misinformation from some environmental activists has severely misled concerned consumers. As the headline of Will Saletan’s must-read long article on the subject puts it, “The war against genetically modified organisms is full of fearmongering, errors, and fraud.” GM foods are safe to eat, and while like any agricultural technology GMOs need to be deployed responsibly, they also don’t pose any unique, undue threat to the environment. (I would guess millennials are also overestimating the health benefits of eating foods marked “organic,” but at least that term has a specific, well-defined meaning according to the federal government, as opposed to labels like “natural” or “all-natural” and so on, which can often be effectively meaningless, except as a near-religious mark of symbolic purity.) There’s a tiny bit of good news, at least, if you look at this chart: Younger people are significantly more likely to follow vegetarian or vegan diets, though the numbers are still quite low. Here, there’s some actual science to back up the decision, given studies showing that heavy meat consumption — particularly red meat — is associated with an increased risk of mortality. It’s unfortunate so many more millennials are hung up on GM and organic foods than on reducing their meat intake. It isn’t a mystery why: Young people are probably a lot more likely to identify as environmentalists and/or to go out of their way to explore healthy eating, and if you start hanging out with or talking to people with these interests, you’ll likely encounter a lot of loudly communicated social norms and expectations in opposition to genetically modified foods. That doesn’t mean that there are sound scientific reasons to shun GMOs, though.
4 +
5 +Opposition to GMs by American college students slows the development of GM technology for developing nations
6 +Kelly 16 (Julie, a food writer in Orland Park, Ill), “Anti-GMO Students Bruise a Superbanana,” The Wall Street Journal, 3/14/16 DRD
7 +Student activists at Iowa State University are up in arms after researchers offered to pay them almost a thousand bucks to eat some genetically modified bananas. The bananas, created by an Australian scientist, contain high levels of beta carotene, which converts to vitamin A when eaten.¶ Vitamin A deficiency, which can cause blindness, stunting and even death, is a devastating problem throughout the developing world. In Uganda roughly 40 of children under age 5 are vitamin-A deficient, according to a 2011 health survey.¶ The hope is that fortified superbananas could help prevent such malnutrition. To test their efficacy, Iowa State students were offered $900 to eat the bananas for four days during three trial periods, then have their blood tested to measure vitamin absorption. The research is led by ISU professor Wendy White, an expert on vitamin A-enriched crops.¶ But some of the healthy, well-fed college students in America’s heartland were outraged. In February they delivered a petition with more than 57,000 signatures to the university to oppose the so-called human feeding trials. The petition was also delivered to the Seattle headquarters of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, which is investing more than $2 billion to improve agriculture in the developing world, including through the banana project.¶ “While we can all support the rights of Ugandans to have access to safe, nutritious, and culturally appropriate food, Ugandans have expressed increasing concern that genetically-modifying bananas are not meant to serve that purpose,” a group of students wrote in the Ames Tribune. “Instead, many suspect the GM bananas to be an attempt to corporately capture the domestic seed market.”¶ They sound like they’re trying to save an organic garden in Berkeley. “Those students are acting out of ignorance,” Jerome Kubiriba, the head of the National Banana Research Program in Uganda, tells me. “It’s one thing to read about malnutrition; it’s another to have a child who is constantly falling sick yet, due to limited resources, the child cannot get immediate and constant medical care. If they knew the truth about the need for vitamin A and other nutrients for children in Uganda and Africa, they’d get a change of heart.”¶ He’s more optimistic than I am. Genetically engineered crops are anathema to the far left. An article last year in the Ecologist called the fortified bananas “a globe-trotting case of biopiracy,” and said the project’s secret ambition is profit—“to enter the international banana trade, setting itself up as the United Fruit of the 21st Century.” A field-trial in Uganda of a different genetically modified banana, one designed to resist wilt, is protected by barbed-wire fences and security guards. Three years ago in the Philippines anti-GMO protesters destroyed fields of vitamin A-enhanced Golden Rice.¶ Prof. White insists that the ISU study will go on—despite protests to deny the advances of biotechnology to the people who need it most. “It would be great to see small farmers in Africa benefit from genetic engineering technology specific to their customary crops, such as cassava and banana,” says Kevin Folta, a plant geneticist at the University of Florida. “Solutions exist, but are slow to deploy, and much of that comes from resistance borne in the industrialized world.”¶ For any lucky American college student to take part in that resistance is, well, bananas.¶
8 +
9 +
10 +The adoption of GMs in developing nations is crucial to increasing the productivity of farming and farmer incomes around the world.
11 +Giddings et al 16 (L. Val, a senior fellow at ITIF with three decades of experience in science and regulatory policy relating to biotechnology innovations in agriculture and biomedicine. He is also president and CEO of PrometheusAB, Inc., providing consulting services on biotechnology issues to governments, multilateral organizations, and industry clients. Before founding PrometheusAB, he served eight years as vice president for food and agriculture of the Biotechnology Industry Organization (BIO) and a decade as a regulatory official with the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Giddings received his Ph.D. in genetics and evolutionary biology from the University of Hawaii in 1980), (Atkinson, Robert D., the founder and president of the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation. He is also the co-author of the book Innovation Economics: The Race for Global Advantage (Yale, 2012). Atkinson received his Ph.D. in City and Regional Planning from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1989. ), (Wu, J. John, joined ITIF in September 2015 as an economic research assistant. Prior to this, he graduated from The College of Wooster with a Bachelor of Arts in economics and sociology, with a minor in environmental studies. His research interests include green technologies, labor economics, and time use) “Suppressing Growth: How GMO Opposition Hurts Developing Nations,” Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, 2/ND/16 DRD
12 +Campaigns against genetically modified organisms (GMOs), originating primarily in Europe, have created significant obstacles to the development and adoption of genetically modified crops. While the policies and practices resulting from these campaigns impose considerable costs on the economies of origin, they disproportionately hurt those nations with the greatest need for more productive agriculture—particularly the developing nations of sub-Saharan Africa. Information Technology and Innovation Foundation (ITIF) estimates that the current restrictive climate for agricultural biotech innovations could cost low- and lower- middle-income nations up to $1.5 trillion in foregone economic benefits through 2050. In short, anti-GMO activists have erected significant barriers to the development of the poorest nations on earth. ¶ Over the past three decades, a number of campaign groups have pressed successfully for¶ restrictions or bans on the growth or import of crops and foods improved through¶ biotechnology. Most recently, in October 2015, 19 European countries announced bans¶ on growing GM crops, despite strong opposition from the scientific community.1¶ These restrictions lower farmers’ productivity and raise food prices—not just in the¶ countries where the campaigns originate, but in nations that avoid GMO crops so they can¶ export to countries with policies banning or limiting GMOs. Experience and data show¶ that crops improved through biotechnology provide significant benefits for farmers, and restrictions on biotech crops slow the growth of agricultural productivity. This is particularly acute in low-income nations where farmers have less ability to mechanize production and where biotech-improved seeds offer a low-priced way to boost yields and rural incomes.2¶
13 +
14 +GM crops are necessary to prevent extinction
15 +McKie 11 (Robin, science and technology editor for the Observer), (Beddington, Sir John UK’s chief scientist, Senior Adviser at the Oxford Martin School, and was previously Professor of Applied Population Biology at Imperial College London, and the UK Government Chief Scientific Adviser from 2008 until 2013) “Genetically modified crops are the key to human survival, says UK’s chief scientist,” The Guardian, 1/22/11 DRD.
16 +Genetically modified crops are the key to human survival, says UK's chief scientist¶ Sir John Beddington argues that moves to block GM crops on moral grounds are no longer sustainable¶ Moves to block cultivation of genetically modified crops in the developing world can no longer be tolerated on ethical or moral grounds, the government's chief scientist, Sir John Beddington, has warned. He said the world faced "a perfect storm" of issues that could lead to widespread food shortages and public unrest over the next few decades. His warning comes in the wake of food riots in north Africa and rising global concern about mounting food prices.¶ "A number of very important factors are about to change our world," said Beddington, an expert in population biology. "Its population is rising by six million every month and will reach a total of around 9,000 million by 2050. At the same time, it is estimated that by 2030 more than 60 of the population will be living in cities and will no longer be involved in growing crops or raising domestic animals. And on top of that the world's population is getting more prosperous and able to pay for more food."¶ Beddington said these factors indicated that the world was going to need 40 more food, 30 more water and 50 more energy by the middle of the century – at a time when climate change was starting to have serious environmental impacts on the planet, flooding coastal plains, spreading deserts and raising temperatures. "We could cut down tropical rain forests and plant crops on the savannahs to grow more food, but that would leave us even more vulnerable to the impact of global warming and climate change. We needed these regions to help absorb carbon dioxide emissions, after all."¶ Beddington said humanity had to face the fact that every means to improve food production should now be employed, including widespread use of new biotechnological techniques in farming. He stressed that no harm should be inflicted on humans or the environment. His remarks were made in advance of publication tomorrow of a major report, "The Future of Food and Farming".¶ His office's report is a specific attempt to highlight moves that could halt devastation of the planet. Crucially, the report will be presented tomorrow not just to the Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra), but also to the Department for International Development, which directs UK foreign aid. Beddington said he would present details of his office's report in Washington next month. He also hoped it would be debated at other events, including the G8 and G20 summits.¶ He emphasised the role of modern biotechnological techniques, including GM crops, in the future of global food production. "There will be no silver bullet, but it is very hard to see how it would be remotely sensible to justify not using new technologies such as GM. Just look at the problems that the world faces: water shortages and salination of existing water supplies, for example. GM crops should be able to deal with that."¶ Such remarks will enrage many environmental groups, who believe it is wrong for the west to impose a technology it has developed on the third world. But Beddington was adamant about the benefits of GM crop technology. "Around 30 of food is lost before it can be harvested because it is eaten by pests that we never learnt how to control. We cannot afford that kind of loss to continue. GM should be able to solve that problem by creating pest-resistant strains, for example. Of course, we will have to make sure these crops are properly tested; that they work; that they don't harm people; and that they don't harm the environment."¶ GM crops alone would not be sufficient to hold off widespread starvation, he added. No single approach would guarantee food security for humanity for the rest of the century. A widespread approach, including the development of proper sustainability, protecting fish stocks and changes to patterns of consumption, was also critical, he said. "This report was set up to find out if we can feed nine billion people sustainably, healthily and equitably. We can, but it will take many different approaches to crack the problem."¶ Timing was crucial. "In 2008 food prices rocketed to their highest level for decades. People said it was just a one-off, but last year what happened? Wheat prices saw their fastest ever increase. The era of declining food prices is over and we have to face that," he added.¶ Almost a billion people now suffer serious food shortages and face starvation. "It is unimaginable that in the next 10 to 20 years that there will not be a worsening of that problem unless we take action now, and we have to include the widest possible range of solutions.
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1 +JANFEB - Junk Science DA
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1 +Harvard Westlake Invitational

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