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+Interpretation: Debaters may only fiat that once country implement a prohibition on the production of nuclear power |
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+Violation: |
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+Net Benefits: |
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+Your interpretation allows multi-actor fiat – two impacts: |
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+A. Multi actor fiat allows Affs to artificially create solvency by fiating that all countries take the same action to overcome collective action problems. This is empirically verified – Your Egenhofer and Behrens evidence indicates that the plan solves because all countries ban nuclear power at the same time, which prevents interstate competition. |
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+B. Multi actor fiat kills decision-making, no policymaker can fiat that all actors take the same action. |
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+Strait and Wallace 08 – grammar modifiedL. Paul Strait, University of Southern California and Brett Wallace, George Washington University. “ACADEMIC DEBATE AS A DECISION- MAKING GAME: INCULCATING THE VIRTUE OF PRACTICAL WISDOM.” Contemporary Argumentation and Debate, Vol. 29 (2008) |
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+The ability to make decisions deriving from deliberation, argumentation or debate, is that key skill. It is the one thing all humans will do every day of their lives aside from breathing and other automatic processes. Practical wisdom transcends boundaries between categories of learning such as ‘policy education’ or ‘critique education,’ and it makes irrelevant considerations of whether we will eventually become policymakers, and it completely overshadows questions of what substantive content a debate round should involve. The implication for this analysis is that the critical thinking and argumentative skills offered by real-world decision-making are comparatively more important than any educational disadvantage weighed against them. It is the skills we learn, not the content of our arguments that can best improve all of our lives. While policy comparison skills are necessarily learned through debate in one way or another, those skills are useless if they are not grounded in the process actually used to make good decisions. This means that whenever any proposition of policy is considered the appropriate decision-maker(s) must be identified: The appropriate decision makers are those necessary to the ultimate implementation of the decision. You may win adherence of fellow students to the proposition that the midterm exam should count less than the final paper in grading |