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+Individuals must be considered to have a right to property, otherwise it’s impossible to consider them as volitional |
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+Kant, Immanuel. Kant: The Metaphysics of Morals (Cambridge Texts in the History of Philosophy) 2nd Edition. by Immanuel Kant (Author, philosopher), Mary J. Gregor (Editor), Roger J. Sullivan (Introduction). Cambridge University Press 1996. 1797. NP 8/2/16. |
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+It is possible |
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+AND |
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+mine or yours. |
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+ |
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+Human beings can not reject their personality and ability to be free –reducing individuals to mere means makes ethics incoherent |
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+Kant 2, Immanuel. Kant: The Metaphysics of Morals (Cambridge Texts in the History of Philosophy) 2nd Edition. by Immanuel Kant (Author, philosopher), Mary J. Gregor (Editor), Roger J. Sullivan (Introduction). Cambridge University Press 1996. 1797. NP 8/2/16. |
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+A human being |
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+AND |
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+free from blame |
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+ |
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+The ability to lay claim to property rights necessitates the existence of a collective will that can have power over individuals |
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+Kant 3, Immanuel. Kant: The Metaphysics of Morals (Cambridge Texts in the History of Philosophy) 2nd Edition. by Immanuel Kant (Author, philosopher), Mary J. Gregor (Editor), Roger J. Sullivan (Introduction). Cambridge University Press 1996. 1797. NP 8/2/16. |
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+Bracketed for gendered language |
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+When I declare |
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+AND |
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+a civil constitution. |
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+ |
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+This outweighs – a) unilateral wills are only contingent – only an omnilateral will makes rights claims conclusive |
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+Kant 4, Immanuel. Kant: The Metaphysics of Morals (Cambridge Texts in the History of Philosophy) 2nd Edition. by Immanuel Kant (Author, philosopher), Mary J. Gregor (Editor), Roger J. Sullivan (Introduction). Cambridge University Press 1996. 1797. NP 8/2/16. |
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+No insight can |
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+AND |
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+mine or yours. |
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+ |
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+b) rights must be derived a priori rather than a posteriori – the aff framework is the only way to derive state obligations |
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+Kant 5, Immanuel. Kant: The Metaphysics of Morals (Cambridge Texts in the History of Philosophy) 2nd Edition. by Immanuel Kant (Author, philosopher), Mary J. Gregor (Editor), Roger J. Sullivan (Introduction). Cambridge University Press 1996. 1797. NP 8/2/16. |
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+The concept of |
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+AND |
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+from using the object. |
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+ |
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+c) it’s the only way to avoid property rights being contingent |
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+Kant 6, Immanuel. Kant: The Metaphysics of Morals (Cambridge Texts in the History of Philosophy) 2nd Edition. by Immanuel Kant (Author, philosopher), Mary J. Gregor (Editor), Roger J. Sullivan (Introduction). Cambridge University Press 1996. 1797. NP 8/2/16. |
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+So the way |
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+AND |
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+he contradicts himself. |
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+ |
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+Thus, the standard is consistency with the omnilateral will. Put away your generic Kant answers – the aff uses Kantian political philosophy, not moral philosophy. |
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+Ripstein 9, Arthur. Force and Freedom: Kant’s Legal and Political Philosophy. Harvard University Press Cambridge, Massachusetts . London, England 2009. NP 8/4/16. |
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+In the same |
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+AND |
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+person or property.43 |
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+ |
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+To clarify, the framework does not value the ability to set any end, but rather the ability to decide which ends to pursue |
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+Ripstein 9 2, Arthur. Force and Freedom: Kant’s Legal and Political Philosophy. Harvard University Press Cambridge, Massachusetts . London, England 2009. NP 8/4/16. |
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+Independence is the |
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+AND |
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+right to independence |
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+ |
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+Prefer additionally: |
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+Only a Kantian framework makes public education coherent – no public educational institutions can be free from the constraints of the omnilateral will. |
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+Ripstein 9 3. (Arthur Ripstein is a professor of law and of philosophy at the University of Toronto. He was appointed to the Department of Philosophy in 1987) Force and Freedom Kant’s Legal and Political Philosophy Arthur Ripstein. Harvard University Press Cambridge, Massachusetts . London, England 2009. NP 2/12/17. |
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+The impossibility of |
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+AND |
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+protect their freedom. |
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+ |
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+First, public universities and colleges are founded and operated by the state. |
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+Collegebound “Differences Between Public and Private Universities and Liberal Arts Colleges” http://www.collegebound.net/content/article/differences-between-public-and-private-universities-and-liberal-arts-colleges/18529/ JW |
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+In the US, |
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+AND |
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+into comprehensive universities. |
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+ |
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+Public officials must make laws consistent with their inner standard of consistency – i.e. the constitution. Otherwise, the sovereign is in a place of contradiction with itself. |
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+Ripstein 9 4. (Arthur Ripstein is a professor of law and of philosophy at the University of Toronto. He was appointed to the Department of Philosophy in 1987) Force and Freedom Kant’s Legal and Political Philosophy Arthur Ripstein. Harvard University Press Cambridge, Massachusetts . London, England 2009. Page 201-203. NP 2/12/17. |
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+The idea of |
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+AND |
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+of inner consistency. |
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+ |
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+Second, laws are only legitimate if individuals could agree to impose them on themselves. One could not agree to a condition of enforceable passivity where freedom of expression is abrogated – it would undermine rightful honor. |
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+Ripstein 9 5. (Arthur Ripstein is a professor of law and of philosophy at the University of Toronto. He was appointed to the Department of Philosophy in 1987) Force and Freedom Kant’s Legal and Political Philosophy Arthur Ripstein. Harvard University Press Cambridge, Massachusetts . London, England 2009. NP 2/12/17. |
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+Innate right has |
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+AND |
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+their rightful honor. |
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+ |
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+Third, freedom of expression is a necessary component of your status as a person and an entitlement of right – protected speech can not wrong others |
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+Ripstein 9 6. (Arthur Ripstein is a professor of law and of philosophy at the University of Toronto. He was appointed to the Department of Philosophy in 1987) Force and Freedom Kant’s Legal and Political Philosophy Arthur Ripstein. Harvard University Press Cambridge, Massachusetts . London, England 2009. NP 2/12/17. |
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+Instead of advantage, |
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+AND |
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+arrangements with you. |
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+ |
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+Fourth, censorship of criticism of the ruler’s political opinions would undermine their power and legitimacy |
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+David 83 summarizes and quotes Kant 1. KANTS FOURTH DEFENSE OF FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION1 Michael Davis (Illinois State University, Michael Davis is a member of the Philosophy Department of Illinois State University, having received his Ph. D. from the University of Michigan. His research interests include social contract theory (where the contract is actual, not hypothetical), standards for just punishment, and morality as the work of a “moral legislature.”) March 1983. NP 2/13/17. bracketed for gendered language |
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+“The citizen must,” |
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+AND |
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+and self-assurance. |
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+ |
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+Fifth, censorship is inconsistent with the initial foundation of right and leads to contradiction with the basis for the government’s power |
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+David 83 summarizes and quotes Kant 2. KANTS FOURTH DEFENSE OF FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION1 Michael Davis (Illinois State University, Michael Davis is a member of the Philosophy Department of Illinois State University, having received his Ph. D. from the University of Michigan. His research interests include social contract theory (where the contract is actual, not hypothetical), standards for just punishment, and morality as the work of a “moral legislature.”) March 1983. NP 2/13/17. bracketed for gendered language |
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+What is the |
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+AND |
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+his subjects’ rationality. |