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+I affirm and value morality as the resolution says “ought”. |
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+The value criterion is minimizing structural violence. |
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+1. All ethical theories must treat everyone with the same basic respect, or else they deny the human worth of certain individuals, making ethics meaningless. This also means we reject the philosophy of util as it is founded on protecting the majority. Cousins 13 Elicia Cousins, Claire Karban, Fay Li, and Marianna Zapanta (Carleton College, Environmental Studies Comprehensive Project). “Nuclear Power and Environmental Justice: A Mixed- Methods Study of Risk, Vulnerability, and the Victim Experience.” Carleton College. 2013. https://apps.carleton.edu/curricular/ents/assets/Cousins_Karban_Li_Zapanta.pdf |
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+Under a utilitarian... with basic rights. |
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+2. Structural violence excludes people from moral consideration, meaning we can never acknowledge injustice that happens, so to create a moral theory, we first must minimize structural violence. Winter and Leighton 99 (Deborah DuNann Winter and Dana C. Leighton. Winter: Psychologist that specializes in Social Psych, Counseling Psych, Historical and Contemporary Issues, Peace Psychology. Leighton: PhD graduate student in the Psychology Department at the University of Arkansas. Knowledgeable in the fields of social psychology, peace psychology, and Justice and intergroup responses to transgressions of justice) (Peace, conflict, and violence: Peace psychology in the 21st century. Pg 4-5) |
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+Finally, to recognize... to reduce it. |
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+3. Third, in debate rounds we have an obligation to uncover subjugated knowledges or oppressed perspectives Medina 11 Medina, J. (2011). Toward a Foucaultian Epistemology of Resistance: Counter-Memory, Epistemic Friction, and Guerrilla Pluralism. Foucault Studies, 1(12), 9–35. |
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+When our cultural... of forgotten struggles. |
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+Contention 1 is that police officers have been given qualified immunity is cases of clear civil rights violations. |
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+Qualified immunity has been used to protect cops in cases where constitutional rights had been clearly violated. Chemerinksy 14 Erwin Chemerinsky, dean of the School of Law at the University of California, Irvine, “How the Supreme Court Protects Bad Cops,” New York Times, 26 August 2014. |
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+The Supreme Court... Supreme Court changes |
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+Limiting qualified immunity is the most effective way to hold police officers accountable for their actions. Affirming allows us to go to higher courts first and clarify qualified immunity so that it is not used to harm civil rights Stefan |
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+Altering the qualified... maintain civil rights. |
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+Analytic |
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+Contention 2 is that qualified immunity inherently lets the court system violate civil rights. |
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+Qualified immunity diffuses conflict without redressing real civil rights problems. Hassel 99 Diana Hassel, Associate Professor, Roger Williams University School of Law, “Living a Lie: e Cost of Quali ed Immunity,” Missouri Law Review Vol. 64, 1999. |
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+Current qualified immunity... debate is unlikely. |
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+Qualified immunity allows the court to dismiss constitutional rights claims and therefore discounts civil rights without clarifying the scope of the law. Chen 15 Alan K. Chen, professor of law at the University of Denver Sturm College of Law, “Qualified Immunity Limiting Access to Justice and Impeding Development of the Law,” Human Rights Magazine Vol. 41, 2015. |
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+Critics of qualified... public at large. |
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+Analytic |
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+Contention 3 is that by limiting qualified immunity, we are able to hold police accountable and deter police from violating civil rights. |
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+Indemnity or not, police officers would be deterred after qualified immunity is limited. Gillies 01 Miriam E. Gilles, Assistant Professor, Cardozo Law School, “In Defense of making Government Pay: e Deterrent Effect of Constitutional Tort Remedies,” Georgia Law Review, Vol. 35, 2001. |
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+The question of... might sue for |