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-The standard is maximizing expected well-being. |
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-First, revisionary intuitionism |
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-Prefer revisionary intuitionism—we should prioritize intuitions over meta-level reflection but throw out the intuitions that are cognitively biased |
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-Yudkowsky 8 |
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-Eliezer Yudkowsky (research fellow of the Machine Intelligence Research Institute). “The ‘Intuitions’ Behind ‘Utilitarianism.’” 28 January 2008. LessWrong. http://lesswrong.com/lw/n9/the_intuitions_behind_utilitarianism/ |
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-I haven't said … that is "intuition". |
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-That means util—non-utilitarian intuitions are scope insensitive, making them cognitively biased |
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-Yudkowsky 8 |
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-Eliezer Yudkowsky (research fellow of the Machine Intelligence Research Institution). “The ‘Intuitions’ Behind ‘Utilitarianism.’” 28 January 2008. LessWrong. http://lesswrong.com/lw/n9/the_intuitions_behind_utilitarianism/ |
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-However, Gowder did … things left undone. |
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-Only util respects human equality |
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-Cummiskey 90 |
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-Cummiskey, David. Associate professor of philosophy at the University of Chicago. “Kantian Consequentiaism.” Ethics 100 (April 1990), University of Chicago. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2381810 |
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-We must not … to benefit others. |
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-Humanity has a right to survival—this is a precondition to all other rights and any foundation of morality |
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-Cerruti 14 |
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-Furio, Professor of Political Philosophy emeritus at the University of Florence and Adjunct Professor at the Scuola superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa. “Humankind’s First Fundamental Right: Survival,” Constellations, 2014 |
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-That the interest … and/or the planet. |
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-Advantage – NoKo Escalation |
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-NoKo is developing their weapons programs for military use – recent trends prove our understanding of the country’s motivations are wrong |
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-Fisher 7/13 (Max, reporter @ the NY Times, “Maybe North Korea’s Nuclear Goals Are More Serious Than Once Thought,” JULY 13, 2016, http://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/14/world/asia/maybe-north-koreas-nuclear-goals-arent-a-farce-after-all.html?rref=collection2Ftimestopic2FNorth20Korea27s20Nuclear20Program) |
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-But they did. … nations is understood. |
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-NoKo has the nuclear material and is on the verge of developing the capability to deliver it via missile – now is key – U.S. intelligence proves |
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-BBC 16 (British Broadcasting Corporation, international news network, “North Korea's nuclear programme: How advanced is it?” February 10th, 2016, http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-pacific-11813699) |
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-North Korea's nuclear …of uranium ore. |
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-NoKo is irrational and will arbitrarily lash out now against the U.S. – your impact D doesn’t apply |
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-Davis 15 (Mark W, former White House speechwriter, now a director of the Texas-based Uptown Creative Strategies Group, “The Slow Nuclear Bomb Boil,” May 8, 2015, http://www.usnews.com/opinion/blogs/mark-davis/2015/05/08/north-koreas-nuclear-bomb-buildup-is-a-real-threat) |
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-In other words, … his regime's survival. |
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-It's the most dangerous country on earth – miscalculation ensures broad escalation |
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-Steven Metz 13, Chairman of the Regional Strategy and Planning Department and Research Professor of National Security Affairs at the Strategic Studies Institute, 3/13/13, “Strategic Horizons: Thinking the Unthinkable on a Second Korean War,” http://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/12786/strategic-horizons-thinking-the-unthinkable-on-a-second-korean-war |
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-Today, North Korea …happened in statecraft. |
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-That goes global and nuclear |
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-Cordesman 13 Anthony H. Cordesman holds the Arleigh A. Burke Chair in Strategy at CSIS, former national security assistant to Senator John McCain, former adjunct professor of national security studies at Georgetown University, and has twice been a Wilson fellow at the Woodrow Wilson Center for Scholars at the Smithsonian, and Ashley Hess, research intern at CSIS pursuing her MA in International Relations at Seoul National University, BA in IR and Classics from Brown University Providence. “The Evolving Military Balance in the Korean Peninsula and Northeast Asia” June 2013 http://csis.org/files/publication/130513_KMB_volume1.pdf |
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-The tensions between …to past experiences. |
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-Advantage – SoKo/U.S. Relations |
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-NoKo’s nuclear program will drive a wedge between U.S.–SoKo relations |
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-Fisher 7/13 (Max, reporter @ the NY Times, “Maybe North Korea’s Nuclear Goals Are More Serious Than Once Thought,” JULY 13, 2016, http://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/14/world/asia/maybe-north-koreas-nuclear-goals-arent-a-farce-after-all.html?rref=collection2Ftimestopic2FNorth20Korea27s20Nuclear20Program) |
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-Mr. Fitzpatrick argued that … defend those of its allies. |
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- |
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-NoKo’s nuclear program is a key determiner of U.S.-South Korean relations |
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-Blumenthal 15 (Daniel, Director of Asian Studies at the American Enterprise Institute, “Five Issues That Will Decide the Future of the U.S.-Korean Relationship,” October 15th, 2015, http://foreignpolicy.com/2015/10/15/five-issues-that-will-decide-the-future-of-the-u-s-korean-relationship/) |
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- Twenty-one years … and Seoul desire. |
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-South Korea Alliance Solves U.S.-China Conflict – Acts as a Mediator |
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-Roehrig 7 (Terence, Ph.D. U.S. Naval War College, International Journal of Korean Studies Spring/Summer 2007, Vol. XI, No. 1, “A Changing Paradigm of U.S.-East Asian Relations: Strategic and Economic Perspectives,” pg online @ http://www.icks.org/publication/pdf_2007_s/220_Terence_Roehrig.pdf) |
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-South Korea has … being a competitor. |
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-US China war escalates – extinction |
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-Riqiang 13 Wu, Associate Professor of International Studies at Renmin University of China, June 21, “Issues in Sino-US Nuclear Relations: Survivability, Coercion and Escalation,” https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/issues-in-sino-us-nuclear-relations-survivability-coercion-and-escalation/issues-in-sino-us-nuclear-relations-survivability-coercion-and-escalation |
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-The two articles …. very dangerous levels. |
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-I defend whole rez: Countries ought to prohibit the production of nuclear power. |
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-North Korean denuclearization should be a primary goal – now is key |
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-O’Hanlon 9/9 (Michael, reporter @ USA Today, “Time to rethink after new North Korean nuke test,” September 9, 2016, http://www.usatoday.com/story/opinion/2016/09/09/north-korea-nuclear-test-proliferation-missile-clinton-obama-bush-column/90137356/) |
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-How to do … eyes are unwelcome). |
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-International pressure doesn’t work – NoKo lies about concessions and tightening sanctions just makes their operations more covert |
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-BBC 16 (British Broadcasting Corporation, international news network, “North Korea's nuclear programme: How advanced is it?” February 10th, 2016, http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-pacific-11813699) |
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-What has the …, the North's main ally. |
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-NoKo uses the excuse of energy development to advance their military programs – international efforts to curb this have consistently failed – domestic action on nuclear power is key |
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-NTI 16 (Nuclear Threat Initiative, experts and analysts that work together to designs innovative threat-reduction projects that show governments the way and build momentum and support for action, “North Korea: Nuclear,” April, 2016, http://www.nti.org/learn/countries/north-korea/nuclear/) |
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-1970s to 1993: Indigenous Development Under the Radar of the International Community |
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-In the late 1960s, …generating needed electricity. |
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-Adopt a parliamentary model to account for moral uncertainty. This entails minimizing existential risks. Bostrom 9 write. Bostrom, Nick (Existentialist of a different sort). “Moral uncertainty – toward a solution?” 1 January 2009. http://www.overcomingbias.com/2009/01/moral-uncertainty-towards-a-solution.html |
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-Nebel T and T Plural provide an unfair burden fro the affirmative. |
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-Bob Overing. December 11, 2014. Topicality and Plans in LD: A Reply to Nebel by Bob Overing. Premier Debate. |
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-As Nebel has … quasi-policy topics. |
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-It seems people …deem centrally important. |
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-NoKo only has a couple weapons now but initial development is the hardest – production will escalate quickly which has the potential to cause mass damage globally |
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-Davis 15 (Mark W, former White House speechwriter, now a director of the Texas-based Uptown Creative Strategies Group, “The Slow Nuclear Bomb Boil,” May 8, 2015, http://www.usnews.com/opinion/blogs/mark-davis/2015/05/08/north-koreas-nuclear-bomb-buildup-is-a-real-threat) |
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-The second reason …of the U.S. economy. |
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-Conflict leads to rapid escalation, especially with nuclear weapons – leads to massive retaliation |
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-Cha and Gallucci 16 (Victor Cha and Robert L. Galluccijan, reporters @ the NY Times, “Stopping North Korea’s Nuclear Threat,” January 8, 2016, http://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/08/opinion/stopping-north-koreas-nuclear-threat.html) |
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-There are other … a massive retaliation. |