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+==T Nebel== |
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+====A. Interpretation: "Countries" is a generic bare plural noun phrase that refers to countries in general. The aff may not defend the right to prohibit nuclear power production in one or some countries, but must defend all countries as a general principle.==== |
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+====B. Violation:==== |
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+====C. Standards:==== |
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+====1. Textuality – Textuality is a prima facie voter for the neg. It doesn't matter how educational the Aff is; if the case doesn't affirm the topic, then they haven't met the Aff burden. Also, textuality link turns other theory standards because it is the basis for claims to predictability and ground. Aff isn't textual, two reasons:==== |
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+====a) Grammar – Grammar key to accurate reading of the text because it explains the proper way to read the text. The generic interpretation is the only one consistent with common usage. These card say just governments, but it clearly applies to all bare plurals.==== |
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+**Nebel 14** Jake Nebel, owner of Victory Briefs. Pretty big deal in the debate community. http://vbriefly.com/2014/12/19/jake-nebel-on-specifying-just-governments/ - Hebron AS |
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+I believe that debaters shouldn't specify a government on the living wage topic. The |
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+Only the second interpretation allows one to affirm by specifying a few governments. |
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+====b) Common usage – our interp is key to how ordinary speakers would view the topic—they're masters of the language and best understand it.==== |
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+**Nebel-2** Jake Nebel, owner of Victory Briefs. Pretty big deal in the debate community. http://vbriefly.com/2014/12/19/jake-nebel-on-specifying-just-governments/ - Hebron AS |
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+To my ear, the generic reading is correct. I think the best evidence |
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+AND |
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+questions and objections in the comments to be addressed in a later article.) |
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+====Common usage key to textuality because words only acquire meaning by how they are used. Granting any standard priority over textuality is a blank check to ignore the resolution and would lead to a massive proliferation of unpredictable strategies and theory/T. Predictability key to reciprocal offensive engagement of positions. ==== |
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+====Textuality is also key to jurisdiction as the judge cannot vote on a non-topical case – the NSDA-mandated topic is analogous to mandated speech times. The judge should uphold debating the topic just as much as they would only evaluating arguments within speeches. ==== |
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+====D. Education==== |
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+====E. Framework:==== |