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  • Caselist.CitesClass[19]
  • Caselist.CitesClass[20]

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Caselist.CitesClass[19]

EntryDate

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1		-2016-10-14 18:03:11.552
	1	+2016-10-14 18:03:11.0

Caselist.CitesClass[20]

Cites

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	1	+Abe is just shy of political capital for the supermajority necessary to make article 9 constitutional changes. Waiters 16
	2	+Riley Walters, 7-26-2016, "Electoral Win for Japanese Prime Minister Draws International Concern," Providence, https://providencemag.com/2016/07/electoral-win-japanese-prime-minister-draws-international-concern/
	3	+As the longest serving Prime Minster in a decade, Shinzo Abe has pushed a platform of social, economic, and strategic issues meant to spur Japan’s economy and raise its profile in the world community. Of particular concern to Japan’s neighbors is whether PM Abe will revise Japan’s 70-year-old constitution to allow for greater strategic engagement by Japan’s Self-Defense Forces and ease the Diet’s ability to make constitutional revisions.∂ Article 96 of Japan’s constitution stipulates that amendments to the constitution can be enacted only with the affirmation of a two-thirds majority in both Houses of the Diet, followed by a majority vote by the general populace.∂ Currently the LDP and Komeito hold more than two-thirds (326 of 475) of the seats in the Lower House. However, following elections on July 10 they remain shy of the mark in the Upper House, holding only 146 of the 162 seats needed for a two-thirds majority. To secure the necessary super majority there, Prime Minister Abe would need to attract votes from other smaller parties less enthusiastic about constitutional revision, as well as convince a citizenry wary of constitutional revision.∂ Getting all the necessary votes and the public on the side of constitutional revision may require more political capital than the LDP is willing to spend. The public is divided on the topic of constitutional revision and expressed only faint interest in even debating the issue. Economic issues still remain the public’s top concern.
	4	+Nuclear phase-out is very popular. Kingston 13
	5	+Jeff Kingston, Special For Cnn, 7-23-2013, "Will the real Shinzo Abe emerge?," CNN, http://www.cnn.com/2013/07/23/opinion/japan-real-abe-kingston/index.html
	6	+Market opening enjoys the support of Japan's leading exporters, the global marquee firms that are industry leaders, but exports represent only about 13 of Japan's GDP. Domestic firms are not as competitive and are very anxious about the prospects of market opening measures, while the medical lobby is painting Armageddon scenarios about the consequences for national health care insurance, something that Japan's aging society wants to protect from the vagaries of impersonal market forces.∂ Structural reforms face other serious headwinds. Can the LDP push through comprehensive deregulation of the electricity market against the regional monopolies? Why does Japan pay 4-5 times the global price for LNG imports?∂ Abe also faces stiff public opposition over his plans to restart the nation's idled nuclear reactors. He is seen to be in the "nuclear village's" pocket, the vested interests in business and bureaucratic circles that advocate nuclear energy. But some 70 of the Japanese public favors phasing out nuclear power because of lingering safety concerns; 150,000 people remain displaced by the three reactor meltdowns in 2011. Moreover, TEPCO's ongoing clean-up at the crippled Fukushima nuclear plant has been marred by a series of screw-ups worthy of the Keystone cops and there are concerns that new safety guidelines may be trumped by political expediency.
	7	+The constitutional reform planned by Abe creates a state of emergency and authoritarianism where individual rights are limited and authorities gain complete power – turns the aff. Takahashi 8/14
	8	+Saul Takahashi, 8-14-2016, "Japan’s Descent into Authoritarianism," Global Research, http://www.globalresearch.ca/japans-descent-into-authoritarianism/5540977
	9	+In reality, Abe’s fixation on Constitutional reform is not confined to Article 9. As history has shown (in Japan and elsewhere), military escapades abroad come with tools for internal oppression, to stifle dissent – and it is such tools that the LDP has in mind. The LDP’s draft revised Constitution (which, since its publication in 2012, has received almost no attention in the mainstream Japanese media) is a model for despots and dictators everywhere. The LDP’s draft Constitution is not aimed at proscribing the limits of government prerogative: rather, it is the people whose rights would be restricted, while authorities enjoy unfettered power.∂ Clear and unambiguous language prohibiting torture in the current Constitution would be trashed under the LDP’s revisions – a clearly worrying sign, given the ongoing reports of systematic torture of criminal suspects at the hands of the Japanese police. Indeed, all of the extensive human rights safeguards in the current Constitution are essentially done away with, under a blanket restriction that the people “must understand that freedom and rights are accompanied by responsibilities and obligations” and that the exercise of rights ‘must never oppose the public interest or public order’. Promotional material published by the LDP says that “’Public order’ means the ‘social order’, and refers to a peaceful social life. It is obvious that individuals claiming their rights should not cause inconveniences for the social life of others.” The vague notion of a “peaceful social life” is particularly worrying, as senior LDP politicians have called peaceful demonstrations against government policy “a form of terrorism”. Indeed, Abe has suggested that he might start with proposing Articles to allow the government to declare a state of emergency, which could allow rights to be restricted practically at will.∂ Other LDP material, published in a manga format, dismisses the current Constitution as “individualistic”, arguing that “just because you have fundamental human rights doesn’t mean you can do whatever you want … if everybody acted selfishly, society would fall apart.” LDP material also lies about Japan’s legal obligations under international human rights law, suggesting that international law allows for the kind of sweeping restrictions in the LDP draft.
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	11	+And, Article 9 change leads to prolif. Siegel 07
	12	+Siegel 07 (Michael T. Questioning the Rationale for Changing Japan’s Peace Constitution Asia-Pacific Geopolitics: Hegemony Vs. Human Security ed. Joseph A. Camilleri pp. 75-92 1/1/07 Google Books Acc)
	13	+For almost sixty years, Japan has been protected from the security dilemma by the peace Constitution. Under thepresentConstitution,nolapaneugovernment could carry out a belligerent act against another county. This has given Japan the opportunity to build up a very strong military without that constituting a direct threat to other countries. This is not to any that neighbouring countries do not watch Japan cautiously. But as long as Japan's Constitution is unchanged, Japan's military strength will not constitute a direct threat This may have resulted in there being little awareness in Japan of the risks involved. While it is frequently mentioned that constitutional revision runs the risk of creating tensions in Asia, there has been little systemic and explicit discussion of the security dilemma in the mainstream press or in the public pronouncements of politicians in regard to the issue of constitutional revision. Japan currently has one of the highest level of military spending in the world (542 billion in constant 2003 US dollars in 2004 according to SIPRI,n or ahnost $46 billion according to the CIA World Pactbook,. thereby ranking fourth in the world according to SIPRI or third according to the CIA). If Article 9 O changed, if Japan becomes a country capable of military action overseas, then Japan's military potential will immediately come to constitute a threat to its neighbours of vastly different proportions than it does now. For the security and stability of the region. a change in Article 9 would constitute the equivalent of an instantaneous arms build-up of enormous proportions. An Agana France-Press report on interviews conducted with security experts in Japan after one of the reports of the Prime Minister's Council on Security and Defense Capabilities concluded that 'Japanese moves to overhaul ...defense-only" security policy that could enable it to launch preemptive strikes on foreign missile bases will trigger a wave of unease across Asia' adding that 'Any suggesnons that Japan is taking a higher military profile have unnerved China and other Asian countries that were invaded by Japan during World Was If Japan's Constitution is changed, that in itself is likely to son an eons race in the region—with all the risks that that entails.
	14	+Asian prolif sparks an arms race and accidental nuke war. Cimbala 14
	15	+Stephen J. Cimbala, Distinguished Professor of Political Science, Penn State Brandywine, an American Studies faculty member, B.A. in Journalism from Penn State in 1965, M.A.in 1967 and his Ph.D. in 1969 both in Political Science, from the University of Wisconsin, Madison,has consulted for a number of U.S. government agencies and defense contractors, 2014("Nuclear Weapons in Asia: Perils and Prospects", Military and Strategic Affairs, Volume 6, No. 1, March, Available Online at http://www.inss.org.il/uploadImages/systemFiles/MASA6-1Eng20(4)_Cimbala.pdf, Accessed 08-16-16, p. 24-5)WP
	16	+Failure to contain proliferation in Pyongyang could spread nuclear fever throughout Asia. Japan and South Korea might seek nuclear weapons and missile defenses. A pentagonal configuration of nuclear powers in the Pacific basin (Russia, China, Japan, South Korea, and North Korea – not including the United States, with its own Pacific interests) could put deterrence at risk and create enormous temptation toward nuclear preemption. Apart from actual use or threat of use, North Korea could exploit the mere existence of an assumed nuclear capability in order to support its coercive diplomacy.19 In Paul Bracken’s terms, North Korea can use its nuclear weapons to support either a “strategy of extreme provocation” or one intended to “keep the nuclear pot boiling” without having crossed the threshold of nuclear first use.20 In October 2013 there were reports of the DPRK renewing nuclear activities, and perhaps preparing for new nuclear tests. A five-sided nuclear competition in the Pacific would be linked, in geopolitical deterrence and proliferation space, to the existing nuclear deterrents of India and Pakistan, and to the emerging nuclear weapons status of Iran. An arc of nuclear instability from Tehran to Tokyo could place US proliferation strategies into the ash heap of history and call for more drastic military options, not excluding preemptive war, defenses, and counter-deterrent special operations. In addition, an unrestricted nuclear arms race in Asia would most likely increase the chance of accidental or inadvertent nuclear war. It would do so because: (a) some states in the region already have histories of protracted conflict; (b) states may have politically unreliable or immature command and control systems, especially during a crisis involving a decision for nuclear first strike or retaliation; (c) unreliable or immature systems might permit a technical malfunction resulting in an unintended launch, or a deliberate but unauthorized launch, by rogue commanders; (d) faulty intelligence and warning systems might cause one side to misinterpret the other’s defensive moves to forestall attack as offensive preparations for attack, thus triggering a mistaken preemption.

EntryDate

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	1	+2016-10-14 18:03:12.125

Judge

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	1	+Bistagne, Go, Dada

Opponent

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	1	+Peninsula JL

ParentRound

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	1	+21

Round

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	1	+Doubles

Team

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	1	+Harvard Westlake Chaudhary Neg

Title

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	1	+SEPT-OCT Japan Politics DA

Tournament

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	1	+Voices