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+====I affirm and value Just State Action, defined as government policy that guarantees rights by ensuring people have equal moral status.==== |
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+ |
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+====People are inherently equal at birth, so systemic exclusion of particular groups arbitrarily denies due.==== |
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+ |
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+Winter and Leighton: Winter, Deborah DuNann Professor of Psychology, Whitman College, and Dana C. Leighton, Ph.D. Assistant Professor of Psychology, Southern Arkansas University. “Peace, Conflict, and Violence: Peace Psychology in the 21st Century.” New York: Prentice Hall, 2001. BE |
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+ |
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+Finally, to recognize |
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+AND |
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+to building lasting peace. |
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+ |
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+====Since justice requires rectifying actual mistreatment, we should address material conditions of violence first.===== |
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+Pappas: Pappas, Gregory Fernando. Texas AandM University “The Pragmatists’ Approach to Injustice.” The Pluralist, Volume 11, Number 1, Spring 2016. BE |
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+ |
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+In Experience and |
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+AND |
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+to each patient. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====The standard is Promoting Social Equality. Promoting Social Equality means increasing all peoples’ ability to have a say in the conditions that govern them.==== |
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+ |
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+====Prefer the standard:==== |
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+====1 States can’t focus on abstract, overarching theories but should do what’s right because it’s the right thing to do– political philosophy should analyze particular injustice when deciding what action to take.==== |
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+Raz: Raz, Joseph Faculty, Columbia Law School “Multiculturalism: A Liberal Perspective.” Multiculturalism. Winter 1994. RP |
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+Political philosophy does |
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+AND |
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+heading for disaster. |
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+ |
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+====2 Aggregating interests is the only way to account for the equality of all beings.==== |
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+David Cummiskey Associate prof of philo @ UChicago, “Kantian Consequentialism”, University of Chicago Press, Ethics, Vol. 100, No. 3 (Apr., 1990), pp. 586-615, BE |
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+ |
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+We must not |
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+AND |
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+to benefit others. |
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+ |
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+====3 Moral uncertainty means we should prefer an inclusive epistemology – that means equality.==== |
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+ |
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+Ross writes: Ross, Jacob. Associate Professor, University of Southern California School of Philosophy “Rejecting Ethical Deflationism.” Ethics, 2006. CH |
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+ |
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+In deciding whether |
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+AND |
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+ in other domains. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====I advocate that countries ought to prohibit the production of nuclear power. Germany is normal means.===== |
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+WNN writes: World Nuclear News Source that writes about news affecting nuclear power and nuclear weapons “Proposal for financing German nuclear phase-out.” WNN, April 2016. RP |
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+ |
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+ |
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+Following the Fukushima |
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+AND |
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+markets Stefan Dohler. |
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+ |
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+====Advantage 1: The War Against Workers==== |
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+ |
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+====Nuclear power is a form of economic exploitation – the state forces poor workers into jobs with dangerous conditions.==== |
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+Alldred shows: Alldred, Mary. Ph.D. candidate, Stony Brook Ecology Department “Environmental Injustice in Siting Nuclear Plants.” Environmental Injustice, Volume 2 (Number 2), 2009. RP |
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+ |
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+In stages (2)–(5) of |
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+AND |
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+of 50 mSv. |
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+ |
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+====The nuclear industry pays off state officials to cover up nuclear power’s risks, fabricating studies on the safety of plants.==== |
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+Shrader-Frechette: Shrader-Frechette, Kristin. O’Neill Family Professor, University of Notre Dame “Answering ‘Scientific Attacks’ on Ethical Imperatives: Wind and Solar Versus Nuclear Solutions to Climate Change.” Ethics and the Environment,, Volume 18, Number 1, Spring 2013. RP |
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+ |
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+Part of the |
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+AND |
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+use renewable energy. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====These cover ups are DELIBERATE ATTEMPTS by the state – they want people to just return to jobs in factories, providing labor.==== |
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+ |
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+Cousins notes: Cousins, Elicia Researcher, Carleton College, Claire Karban, Fay Li, and Marianna Zapanta. “Nuclear Power and Environmental Justice.” Carleton College, Environmental Studies Comprehensive Project, no date. RP |
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+ |
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+Those who experience |
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+AND |
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+ the Chernobyl zone: |
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+ |
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+====A ban is key – regulations just get circumvented by officials with an incentive to continue production – prohibitions shut down the dangerous industry.==== |
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+Ross shows: Ross, Timothy J. Professor of Civil Engineering, University of New Mexico “Avoiding Apocalypse: Congress Should Ban Nuclear Power.” UB Law, Fall 2011. RP |
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+ |
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+Currently, the NRC |
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+AND |
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+the general public. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Advantage 2: The Fight for the Future==== |
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+====Nuclear power creates harms to the environment that last millions of years – it’s comparatively worse than warming or coal and lasts way longer.==== |
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+ |
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+Coplan: Coplan, Karl S. Professor, Elisabeth Haub School of Law, Pace University “The Externalities of Nuclear Power: First, Assume We Have a Can Opener.” Pace University, May 2008. RP |
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+ |
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+While the impacts |
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+AND |
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+and longer lasting. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Independent of waste, nuclear power is unjust since it’s from a process that excludes future generations, who can’t advocate for themselves.==== |
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+ |
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+Parkins writes: Parkins, John R. Department of Resource Economics, University of Alberta “Social and Ethical Considerations of Nuclear Power.” April 2011. RP |
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+ |
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+It is of |
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+AND |
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+to future generations.” |
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+====Shift away from nuclear is inevitable due to decreasing uranium supply – banning nuclear power is key to ensure renewable jobs and grow the industry now.==== |
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+Schönau: Electricity Schönau. German Power Company “100 Good Reasons Against Nuclear Power.” 2009. RP |
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+ |
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+Nuclear power is |
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+AND |
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+ with relevant references. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====A phase out of nuclear power leads to a full shift to renewables – Europe proves.==== |
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+Shankleman writes: Shankleman, Jessica. Contributor, Bloomberg News “Germany Just Got Almost All of Its Power From Renewable Energy.” Bloomberg News, April 2016. RP |
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+ |
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+Clean power supplied |
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+AND |
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+ or energy storage.” |
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+ |
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+====Renewables can supply enough energy create an all-renewable economy – the only reason states don’t pursue is because of nuclear’s data manipulation.==== |
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+ |
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+Shrader-Frechette: Shrader-Frechette, Kristin O’Neill Family Professor, University of Notre Dame “Answering ‘Scientific Attacks’ on Ethical Imperatives: Wind and Solar Versus Nuclear Solutions to Climate Change.” Ethics and the Environment, Volume 18, Number 1. Spring 2013. RP |
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+ |
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+However, nuclear proponents |
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+ AND |
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+ greater than nuclear (Shrader-Frechette 2011, 81). |