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+====I affirm and value Just State Action, defined as government policy that guarantees rights by ensuring people have equal moral status.==== |
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+People are inherently equal at birth, so systemic exclusion of particular groups arbitrarily denies due. |
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+ |
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+Winter and Leighton: Winter, Deborah DuNann Professor of Psychology, Whitman College, and Dana C. Leighton, Ph.D. Assistant Professor of Psychology, Southern Arkansas University. “Peace, Conflict, and Violence: Peace Psychology in the 21st Century.” New York: Prentice Hall, 2001. BE |
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+ |
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+Finally, to recognize |
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+AND |
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+building lasting peace. |
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+ |
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+====Since justice requires rectifying actual mistreatment, we should address material conditions of violence first.==== |
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+Pappas: Pappas, Gregory Fernando. Texas AandM University “The Pragmatists’ Approach to Injustice.” The Pluralist, Volume 11, Number 1, Spring 2016. BE |
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+ |
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+In Experience and |
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+AND |
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+ to each patient. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====The standard is Promoting Social Equality. Promoting Social Equality means increasing all peoples’ ability to have a say in the conditions that govern them.==== |
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+ |
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+====Aggregating interests is the only way to account for the equality of all beings.==== |
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+David Cummiskey 90 Associate prof of philo @ UChicago, “Kantian Consequentialism”, University of Chicago Press, Ethics, Vol. 100, No. 3 (Apr., 1990), pp. 586-615, BE |
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+We must not |
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+AND |
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+ to benefit others. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====I advocate that countries prohibit the production of nuclear power through the German phase-out model. This entails decommissioning reactors over a ten-year period.==== |
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+WNN writes: World Nuclear News Source that writes about news affecting nuclear power and nuclear weapons “Proposal for financing German nuclear phase-out.” WNN, April 2016. RP |
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+ |
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+ |
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+Following the Fukushima |
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+AND |
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+ markets Stefan Dohler. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Advantage 1: The War Against Workers==== |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Nuclear power exposes workers to dangerous radiation – workers are exploited by the state, that falsifies information.==== |
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+Alldred shows: Alldred, Mary. Ph.D. candidate, Stony Brook Ecology Department “Environmental Injustice in Siting Nuclear Plants.” Environmental Injustice, Volume 2 (Number 2), 2009. RP |
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+ |
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+In stages (2)–(5) |
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+AND |
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+ of 50 mSv. |
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+ |
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+====In fact, states often try to minimize NP’s real risks to create a false sense of security.==== |
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+Cousins notes: Cousins, Elicia Researcher, Carleton College, Claire Karban, Fay Li, and Marianna Zapanta. “Nuclear Power and Environmental Justice.” Carleton College, Environmental Studies Comprehensive Project, no date. RP |
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+ |
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+Those who experience |
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+AND |
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+ the Chernobyl zone: |
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+ |
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+====Shift away from nuclear is inevitable due to decreasing uranium supply – banning nuclear power is key to ensure renewable jobs and grow the industry now.==== |
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+Schönau: Electricity Schönau. German Power Company “100 Good Reasons Against Nuclear Power.” 2009. RP |
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+Nuclear power is |
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+AND |
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+ with relevant references. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Phase-out empirically leads to a full shift to renewables, as in Europe.==== |
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+Shankleman writes: Shankleman, Jessica. Contributor, Bloomberg News “Germany Just Got Almost All of Its Power From Renewable Energy.” Bloomberg News, April 2016. RP |
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+ |
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+Clean power supplied |
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+AND |
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+ or energy storage.” |
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+ |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Advantage 2: Indigenous Populations==== |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Nuclear producers often label native reservations “wastelands” to justify using them as sites for uranium mining.==== |
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+Endres 1: Endres, Danielle Department of Communication, University of Utah “From Wasteland to Waste Site: The Role of Disocurse In Nuclear Power’s Environmental Injustice.” Routledge, November 2009. RP |
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+ |
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+In addition to |
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+AND |
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+from toxic pollution (LaDuke 1999). |
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+ |
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+====And the harm goes further: every facet of nuclear production unequally endangers native populations.==== |
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+ |
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+Endres 2: Endres, Danielle Department of Communication, University of Utah “From Wasteland to Waste Site: The Role of Disocurse In Nuclear Power’s Environmental Injustice.” Routledge, November 2009. RP |
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+ |
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+All nuclear power |
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+AND |
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+ways of life. . . . Ellipsis in text |
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+ |
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+====Unlike the wealthy, indigenous groups often lack the financial or political capital to challenge such injustice.==== |
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+Parkins writes: Parkins, John R. Department of Resource Economics, University of Alberta “Social and Ethical Considerations of Nuclear Power.” April 2011. RP |
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+ |
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+A related ethical |
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+AND |
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+ in anyone’s backyard” (Hannon and Norton 1997). |
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+ |
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+====Closing nuclear plants is the only way to solve instances of injustice – normal regulations are ineffective, so nothing short of prohibition solves.==== |
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+Ross: Ross, Timothy J. Professor of Civil Engineering, University of New Mexico “Avoiding Apocalypse: Congress Should Ban Nuclear Power.” UB Law, Fall 2011. RP |
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+ |
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+Currently, the NRC |
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+AND |
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+the general public. |
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+ |
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+====Given the multi-faceted harms of nuclear power, only a ban can equalize treatment.==== |
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+Kyne and Bolin: Kyne, Dean Department of Sociology and Anthropology, the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, and Bob Bolin School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University. “Emerging Environmental Justice Issues in Nuclear Power and Radioactive Contamination.” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 13, 700, 2016. CH |
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+ |
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+Beyond the health |
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+AND |
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+their attendant risks 101 |