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Caselist.CitesClass[27]

Cites

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1		-====I affirm and value Just State Action, meaning government policy that treats people as they deserve.====
2		-
3		-====Since people use their reasoning to form states, we look to individuals’ moral capacities first. As all action results from our ability to reflect, recognizing self-awareness is the basis of all philosophy.====
4		-
5		-Wood 1: Allen W. Wood. "Fichte's Philosophy of Right and Ethics," forthcoming in Günter Zöller (ed). The Cambridge Companion to Fichte. New York: Cambridge University Press. CH
6		-
7		-
8		-Fichte's Wissenschaftslehre is
9		-AND
10		-latter "real" activity (GA I/2:402-404. SK 236-238).
11		-
12		-====Next, the self-awareness that gives us the freedom to act also demands that we recognize others’ freedom and choices.====
13		-
14		-Wood 2: Allen W. Wood. "Fichte's Philosophy of Right and Ethics," forthcoming in Günter Zöller (ed). The Cambridge Companion to Fichte. New York: Cambridge University Press. CH
15		-
16		-The condition for
17		-AND
18		-the external world (GA I/3:409).
19		-
20		-
21		-====Thus, the standard is Respecting Moral Agency. Respecting Moral Agency means viewing both oneself and others as capable of making ethically important choices. This is a means-based standard: I look to whether actions are consistent with the goals of moral agency, not whether outcomes increase it.====
22		-
23		-====Prefer this standard, since:====
24		-====1 People need to respect agency to achieve any other goods.====
25		-
26		-
27		-Kuhler 1: Kuhler, Michael. “Autonomy and The Self,” Wilhelms University, Munster, November 2010. SR
28		-
29		-Surely, there are
30		-AND
31		-precedes the self.
32		-
33		-====2 Respecting agency recognizes distinct groups’ needs without taking a race- or gender-free approach.====
34		-
35		-Fraser: Fraser, Nancy. Professor on the Graduate Faculty of Political and Social Science, New School for Social Research “Social Justice in the Age of Identity Politics: Redistribution, Recognition, and Participation.” The Tanner Lectures on Human Values, Stanford University, April 30-May 2, 1996. CH
36		-
37		-For practical purposes,
38		-AND
39		-do distributive inequities.
40		-
41		-
42		-
43		-====I advocate that the United States federal government ought to limit qualified immunity, or “QI,” for police officers.====
44		-
45		-Wright shows: Wright, Sam. Public Interest Lawyer “Want to Fight Police Misconduct? Reform Qualified Immunity.” Above the Law, Nov. 2015. MZ
46		-
47		-To bring about
48		-AND
49		-in the courts?
50		-
51		-====Advantage 1: Giving Voice to Victims====
52		-
53		-
54		-====U.S. police show consistent and overt racism, disproportionately harming Blacks.====
55		-Makarechi: Makarechi, Kia. Senior Editor of Mobile and Innovations, The Huffington Post “What the Data Really Says About Police and Racial Bias.” Vanity Fair, July 14, 2016. CH
56		-
57		-1. A study
58		-AND
59		-searched without consent.
60		-
61		-====Yet QI typically protects those who commit such misconduct simply due to who commits it.====
62		-
63		-Bernick 1: Bernick, Evan Contributor, Foundation for Economic Education “To Hold Police Accountable, Don’t Give Them Immunity.” Foundation for Economic Education. April 2015. RP
64		-
65		-
66		-But for decades,
67		-AND
68		-“shall be liable.”
69		-
70		-====By barring victims from suing police, QI denies their status as moral agents. Instead, harming victims becomes just a “cost of doing business.”====
71		-
72		-Temple Law: Temple Law. “Accountability for Government Misconduct: Limiting Qualified Immunity and the Good Faith Defense.” Temple Law Review, Vol. 49, 1976. MZ
73		-
74		-No matter what
75		-AND
76		-of civil liberties.
77		-
78		-====Turning away from rights abuses is a form of complicity that actively dehumanizes victims.====
79		-Kahn: Kahn, DT. “Bystander Intervention and Norm Shifting: A Social Psychological Research Overview,” 2011. EB
80		-
81		-In order to
82		-AND
83		-illustrated in Figure 1.
84		-
85		-====In contrast, the aff gives victims the agency to confront their oppressors themselves.====
86		-
87		-Wright: Wright, Sam. Contributor, Above the Law “Want to Fight Police Misconduct? Reform Qualified Immunity.” Above the Law, November 2015. RP
88		-
89		-As usual, I’ve
90		-AND
91		-needs to change.
92		-
93		-====And civil suits uniquely recognize that all people deserve their day in court, respecting agency.====
94		-
95		-Nixa: Nixa, Dan. Civil Rights Attorney “On the Importance of Civil Rights Lawsuits.” Chicagocivilrightslaw.com, May 6, 2016. CH
96		-
97		-While civil rights
98		-AND
99		- we are now.
100		-
101		-====Advantage 2: Destroying Double-Standards====
102		-
103		-
104		-====QI gives police an excuse for participating in even the most horrific injustices: like Nazi officers’ Nuremberg defense that they were “just following orders,” police can oppress the innocent and say they were “just doing their job.” Indeed, QI creates a double-standard, letting police get away with acts that would deemed reprehensible if another actor did them.====
105		-
106		-Heller: Heller, Jacob. J.D. Candidate, Stanford Law School “Abominable Acts.” Vermont Law Review, Vol. 34:311, 2010. LC
107		-
108		-
109		-In these cases,
110		-AND
111		-of civilized law.
112		-
113		-====Indeed, QI sets a precedent that putting on a police hat absolves people of their most basic moral duties.====
114		-
115		-Grigg: Grigg, William N. Contributor, Pro Libertate “‘Qualified Immunity’ – A License to Commit Criminal Violence?” Pro Libertate, October 2013. RP
116		-
117		-There is no
118		-AND
119		-in other states.
120		-
121		-====Yet moral obligations transcend specific roles, as they come from fundamental humanity; the same basic norms apply to all actors, regardless of who they are.====
122		-
123		-DeGeorge notes: De George, Richard T. University Distinguished Professor of Philosophy, University of Kansas Business Ethics. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, Inc., 1999. CH
124		-
125		-Because people are
126		-AND
127		-to be moral.
128		-
129		-====In contrast, the aff exposes police misconduct, calling attention to the agent behind the action.====
130		-Bernick 2: Bernick, Evan. Contributor, Foundation for Economic Education “To Hold Police Accountable, Don’t Give Them Immunity.” Foundation for Economic Education, April 2015. RP
131		-
132		-Qualified immunity shields
133		-AND
134		- needs to happen?
135		-
136		-====And this is true regardless of the lawsuit’s outcome. What matters is the ability to bring a suit, not the results. Affirming makes that possible.====
137		-
138		-Armacost: Armacost, Barbara E. Associate Professor, University of Virginia School of Law “Qualified Immunity: Ignorance Excused.” Vanderbilt Law Review, 1998. RP
139		-
140		-Turning to section
141		-AND
142		-kinds of rights:

EntryDate

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1		-2016-11-06 18:44:09.0

Judge

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1		-Mark Ahlstrom, Daniel Lumpee

Opponent

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1		-Greenhill SK

ParentRound

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1		-25

Round

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1		-2

Team

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1		-Harrison Piliero Aff

Title

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1		-NOVDEC - Role Morality AC

Tournament

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1		-Apple Valley RR