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... ... @@ -1,0 +1,107 @@ 1 +Part 1 is the Framework 2 + 3 + 4 +I value Just State Action, 5 + 6 + 7 +Exclusion of particular groups arbitrarily denies due. 8 +Winter and Leighton: Winter, Deborah DuNann Professor of Psychology, Whitman College, and Dana C. Leighton, Ph.D. Assistant Professor of Psychology, Southern Arkansas University. “Peace, Conflict, and Violence: Peace Psychology in the 21st Century.” New York: Prentice Hall, 2001. BE 9 + 10 +Finally, to recognize 11 +AND 12 +building lasting peace. 13 + 14 +We should address material conditions of violence first. 15 +Pappas: Pappas, Gregory Fernando. Texas AandM University “The Pragmatists’ Approach to Injustice.” The Pluralist, Volume 11, Number 1, Spring 2016. BE 16 + 17 +In Experience and 18 +AND 19 +to each patient. 20 + 21 +The standard is Promoting Social Equality. 22 +Equality is key to any ends based theory 23 + 24 +Part 2: Beaten Down and Locked Up 25 +Anti-Black police violence is rampant in the U.S. 26 +Carbado 1: Carbado, Devon W. The Honorable Harry Pregerson Professor of Law “Blue-on-Black Violence: A Provisional Model of Some of the Causes.” The Georgetown Law Journal, Vol. 104, 2016. RP 27 + 28 +No single model 29 +AND 30 +the Fourth Amendment.” 31 + 32 + 33 +And QI’s “clearly established” element lets police off the hook 34 + 35 +Carbado 2: Carbado, Devon W. The Honorable Harry Pregerson Professor of Law “Blue-on-Black Violence: A Provisional Model of Some of the Causes.” The Georgetown Law Journal, Vol. 104, 2016. RP 36 + 37 +A second problem with 38 +AND 39 + acts of violence. 40 + 41 +Victims can’t win. 42 +Margulies 1: Margulies, Peter. Professor of Law, Roger Williams University “Noncitizens’ Remedies Lost?: Accountability for Overreaching in Immigration Enforcement.” FIU Law Review, 2011. BE 43 + 44 +The specificity two-step 45 +AND 46 + incentivizes reckless behavior. 47 + 48 +QI lets judge-made exceptions exist for police misconduct 49 +Pattis writes: Pattis, Norman. Connecticut-based trial lawyer “Qualified Immunity and The Police State.” Pattis Blog, October 2016. RP 50 + 51 +A man calls 52 +AND 53 +even realize it. 54 + 55 +Plan: The United States federal government ought to limit qualified immunity, or “QI,” for police officers, by removing its “clearly established” element. 56 +Wright shows: Wright, Sam. Public Interest Lawyer “Want to Fight Police Misconduct? Reform Qualified Immunity.” Above the Law, Nov. 2015. MZ 57 + 58 +To bring about 59 +AND 60 + in the courts? 61 + 62 +Part 3: Breaking Out 63 + 64 + 65 +Civil lawsuits may be the only way to expose police misconduct 66 +Bernick writes: Bernick, Evan. Contributor, Foundation for Economic Education “To Hold Police Accountable, Don’t Give Them Immunity.” Foundation for Economic Education, April 2015. RP 67 + 68 +Qualified immunity shields 69 +AND 70 +needs to happen? 71 + 72 +The aff has a direct impact on individual officers. 73 +Marque-Anthony: Marque-Anthony. Contributor, ThyBlackMan “The Strategic Plan To End Police Brutality.” ThyBlackMan, July 2016. RP 74 + 75 +Officers rarely feel 76 +AND 77 +seminars and workshops. 78 + 79 +The risk of being sued deters police misconduct. 80 +Gilles, Myriam E. Assistant Professor, Cardozo Law School “In Defense of Making Government Pay: The Deterrent Effect of Constitutional Tort Remedies.” Georgia Law Review, Vol. 35, 2001. JW 81 + 82 +The question of 83 +AND 84 +no inhibitory effect. 85 + 86 +The sliding scale model lets police do their job 87 +Carvalho: Carvalho, Ambar. J.D., Emory University School of Law (2008); B.S., Stanford University (2005) “The Sliding Scale Approach to Protecting Nonresident Immigrants Against the Use of Excessive Force in Violation of the Fourth Amendment.” Emory International Law Review, 2008. BE 88 + 89 +Due to the 90 + AND 91 +of their visit. 92 + 93 +Individual citizens must be able to sue police themselves 94 + 95 +Wright 2: Wright, Sam. Contributor, Above the Law “Want to Fight Police Misconduct? Reform Qualified Immunity.” Above the Law, November 2015. RP 96 + 97 +As usual, I’ve 98 +AND 99 +the courts? 100 + 101 +The ability to bring a case matters more than the case’s outcome 102 + 103 +Smith shows: Smith, Ethan Indigo. Contributor, Mintpress News “Oligarchy, Police State, and The War On Individualism.” Mintpress News, March 2015. RP 104 + 105 +All the social 106 +AND 107 +Declaration of Independence. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,0 +1,104 @@ 1 +Part 1 is the Framework 2 + 3 +The Role of the Judge is to Promote Critical Education 4 + 5 + 6 +Status quo policies use violence to smother critical thought. 7 +Giroux 1: Giroux, Henry. Waterbury Chair Professor, Pennsylvania State University "The Curse of Totalitarianism and the Challenge of Critical Pedagogy." Philosophersforchange.org, October 13, 2015. BE 8 + 9 +The forces of 10 +AND 11 +a vibrant democracy. 12 + 13 +The Role of the Ballot is to Endorse the More Productive Liberation Strategy for the Oppressed. 14 +Liberation requires tangible action, not abstract theorizing. 15 +Giroux 2: Giroux, Henry. Waterbury Chair Professor, Pennsylvania State University “Beyond Dystopian Visions in the Age of Neoliberal Authoritarianism.” Truthout, November 4, 2015. BE 16 + 17 +In this instance, 18 +AND 19 +can do more. 20 + 21 +Part 2: Beaten Down and Locked Up 22 +Anti-Black police violence is rampant in the U.S. 23 +Carbado 1: Carbado, Devon W. The Honorable Harry Pregerson Professor of Law “Blue-on-Black Violence: A Provisional Model of Some of the Causes.” The Georgetown Law Journal, Vol. 104, 2016. RP 24 + 25 +No single model 26 +AND 27 +the Fourth Amendment.” 28 + 29 + 30 +And QI’s “clearly established” element lets police off the hook 31 + 32 +Carbado 2: Carbado, Devon W. The Honorable Harry Pregerson Professor of Law “Blue-on-Black Violence: A Provisional Model of Some of the Causes.” The Georgetown Law Journal, Vol. 104, 2016. RP 33 + 34 +A second problem with 35 +AND 36 + acts of violence. 37 + 38 +Victims can’t win. 39 +Margulies 1: Margulies, Peter. Professor of Law, Roger Williams University “Noncitizens’ Remedies Lost?: Accountability for Overreaching in Immigration Enforcement.” FIU Law Review, 2011. BE 40 + 41 +The specificity two-step 42 +AND 43 + incentivizes reckless behavior. 44 + 45 +QI lets judge-made exceptions exist for police misconduct 46 +Pattis writes: Pattis, Norman. Connecticut-based trial lawyer “Qualified Immunity and The Police State.” Pattis Blog, October 2016. RP 47 + 48 +A man calls 49 +AND 50 +even realize it. 51 + 52 +Plan: The United States federal government ought to limit qualified immunity, or “QI,” for police officers, by removing its “clearly established” element. 53 +Wright shows: Wright, Sam. Public Interest Lawyer “Want to Fight Police Misconduct? Reform Qualified Immunity.” Above the Law, Nov. 2015. MZ 54 + 55 +To bring about 56 +AND 57 + in the courts? 58 + 59 +Part 3: Breaking Out 60 + 61 + 62 +Civil lawsuits may be the only way to expose police misconduct 63 +Bernick writes: Bernick, Evan. Contributor, Foundation for Economic Education “To Hold Police Accountable, Don’t Give Them Immunity.” Foundation for Economic Education, April 2015. RP 64 + 65 +Qualified immunity shields 66 +AND 67 +needs to happen? 68 + 69 +The aff has a direct impact on individual officers. 70 +Marque-Anthony: Marque-Anthony. Contributor, ThyBlackMan “The Strategic Plan To End Police Brutality.” ThyBlackMan, July 2016. RP 71 + 72 +Officers rarely feel 73 +AND 74 +seminars and workshops. 75 + 76 +The risk of being sued deters police misconduct. 77 +Gilles, Myriam E. Assistant Professor, Cardozo Law School “In Defense of Making Government Pay: The Deterrent Effect of Constitutional Tort Remedies.” Georgia Law Review, Vol. 35, 2001. JW 78 + 79 +The question of 80 +AND 81 +no inhibitory effect. 82 + 83 +The sliding scale model lets police do their job 84 +Carvalho: Carvalho, Ambar. J.D., Emory University School of Law (2008); B.S., Stanford University (2005) “The Sliding Scale Approach to Protecting Nonresident Immigrants Against the Use of Excessive Force in Violation of the Fourth Amendment.” Emory International Law Review, 2008. BE 85 + 86 +Due to the 87 + AND 88 +of their visit. 89 + 90 +Individual citizens must be able to sue police themselves 91 + 92 +Wright 2: Wright, Sam. Contributor, Above the Law “Want to Fight Police Misconduct? Reform Qualified Immunity.” Above the Law, November 2015. RP 93 + 94 +As usual, I’ve 95 +AND 96 +the courts? 97 + 98 +The ability to bring a case matters more than the case’s outcome 99 + 100 +Smith shows: Smith, Ethan Indigo. Contributor, Mintpress News “Oligarchy, Police State, and The War On Individualism.” Mintpress News, March 2015. RP 101 + 102 +All the social 103 +AND 104 +Declaration of Independence. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,0 +1,104 @@ 1 +I value Just State Action 2 +Recognizing self-awareness is the basis of all philosophy. 3 + 4 +Wood 1: Allen W. Wood. "Fichte's Philosophy of Right and Ethics," forthcoming in Günter Zöller (ed). The Cambridge Companion to Fichte. New York: Cambridge University Press. CH 5 + 6 +Fichte's Wissenschaftslehre is 7 +AND 8 +latter "real" activity (GA I/2:402-404. SK 236-238). 9 + 10 +We recognize others’ freedom and choices. 11 +Wood 2: Allen W. Wood. "Fichte's Philosophy of Right and Ethics," forthcoming in Günter Zöller (ed). The Cambridge Companion to Fichte. New York: Cambridge University Press. CH 12 + 13 +The condition for 14 +AND 15 +the external world (GA I/3:409). 16 + 17 +Thus, the standard is Respecting Moral Agency. 18 + 19 +Standards Analysis: 20 + 21 +1. The framework is procedural, not substantive. 22 +Abplanalp: Abplanalp, Edward Ph.D., University of Nebraska-Lincoln “Background Environmental Justice: An Extension of Rawls’s Political Liberalism.” University of Nebraska, 2010. BE 23 + 24 +Any account of 25 +AND 26 +of future generations. 27 + 28 +2. The standard isn't aggregative. 29 + 30 +Prefer this standard, since: 31 + 32 +1. People need agency to achieve other goods. 33 +Kuhler 1: Kuhler, Michael. “Autonomy and The Self,” Wilhelms University, Munster, November 2010. SR 34 + 35 +Surely, there are 36 +AND 37 +precedes the self. 38 + 39 +2. My framework controls the link to all ends-based standards. 40 + 41 +I advocate that the United States federal government ought to limit qualified immunity, or “QI,” for police officers. 42 +Wright shows: Wright, Sam. Public Interest Lawyer “Want to Fight Police Misconduct? Reform Qualified Immunity.” Above the Law, Nov. 2015. MZ 43 + 44 +To bring about 45 +AND 46 +in the courts? 47 + 48 +Advantage 1: Giving Voice to Victims 49 +U.S. police show racism 50 +Makarechi: Makarechi, Kia. Senior Editor of Mobile and Innovations, The Huffington Post “What the Data Really Says About Police and Racial Bias.” Vanity Fair, July 14, 2016. CH 51 + 52 +A study 53 +AND 54 +searched without consent. 55 +Yet QI typically protects those who commit misconduct 56 +Bernick 1: Bernick, Evan Contributor, Foundation for Economic Education “To Hold Police Accountable, Don’t Give Them Immunity.” Foundation for Economic Education. April 2015. RP 57 + 58 +But for decades, 59 +AND 60 +“shall be liable.” 61 + 62 +QI denies their status as moral agents. ” 63 + 64 +Temple Law: Temple Law. “Accountability for Government Misconduct: Limiting Qualified Immunity and the Good Faith Defense.” Temple Law Review, Vol. 49, 1976. MZ 65 + 66 +No matter what 67 +AND 68 +of civil liberties. 69 + 70 +Turning away is a form of complicity . 71 +Kahn: Kahn, DT. “Bystander Intervention and Norm Shifting: A Social Psychological Research Overview,” 2011. EB 72 + 73 +In order to 74 +AND 75 +illustrated in Figure 1. 76 + 77 +Advantage 2: Destroying Double-Standards 78 +QI gives police an excuse for participating in injustices 79 +Heller: Heller, Jacob. J.D. Candidate, Stanford Law School “Abominable Acts.” Vermont Law Review, Vol. 34:311, 2010. LC 80 + 81 +In these cases, 82 +AND 83 +of civilized law. 84 + 85 +Indeed, QI sets a precedent that absolves people moral duties. 86 +Grigg: Grigg, William N. Contributor, Pro Libertate “‘Qualified Immunity’ – A License to Commit Criminal Violence?” Pro Libertate, October 2013. RP 87 + 88 +There is no 89 +AND 90 +in other states. 91 + 92 +Yet moral obligations transcend specific roles 93 +DeGeorge notes: De George, Richard T. University Distinguished Professor of Philosophy, University of Kansas Business Ethics. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, Inc., 1999. CH 94 + 95 +Because people are 96 +AND 97 +to be moral. 98 + 99 +Using the cloak of QI to shield misconduct removes blame from wrongdoers. 100 +Baker et al: Baker, Parris Gannon University, and Sara Lichtenwalter Gannon University. “Teaching about Oppression Through Jenga: A Game-Based Learning Example for Social Work Educators.” Journal of Social Work Education, Vol. 46, No. 2, Spring/Summer 2010. MZ 101 + 102 +Institutional oppression refers 103 +AND 104 +to steal bread. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,0 +1,91 @@ 1 +Part 1 is the Framework 2 +The Role of the Judge is to Promote Critical Thinking 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 +Fighting oppression requires judges to help make debate a place to challenge social norms. 7 +Giroux 1: Giroux, Henry. Waterbury Chair Professor, Pennsylvania State University "The Curse of Totalitarianism and the Challenge of Critical Pedagogy." Philosophersforchange.org, October 13, 2015. BE 8 + 9 +The forces of 10 +AND 11 +a vibrant democracy. 12 + 13 +The Role of the Ballot is to Endorse the More Productive Liberation Strategy for the Oppressed. 14 +Bottom-up approaches are key 15 +Giroux 2: Giroux, Henry. Waterbury Chair Professor, Pennsylvania State University "The Curse of Totalitarianism and the Challenge of Critical Pedagogy." Philosophersforchange.org, October 13, 2015. RP 16 + 17 +At a time 18 +AND 19 +working at all. 20 + 21 +Part 2: Kept on the Inside 22 +Speech codes make students SIT DOWN AND SHUT UP. 23 +Ahmari: Ahmari, Sohrab. Assistant Books Editor, The Wall Street Journal “How Free Speech Died on Campus.” The Wall Street Journal, November 16, 2012. BE 24 + 25 +At Northeastern University, 26 +AND 27 +means protecting dissenters." 28 + 29 +Speech restrictions have a spillover effect 30 +Strossen 1: Strossen, Nadine. John Marshall Harlan II Professor of Law, New York Law School “Regulating Racist Speech on Campus: A Modest Proposal?” Duke Law Journal, 484-573, 1990. BE 31 + 32 +The experience with 33 +AND 34 +and worth revering.191 35 + 36 +Empirics confirm college codes are only enforced against minorities. 37 +ACLU 1: The American Civil Liberties Union. “Hate Speech on Campus,” American Civil Liberties Union, 2016. RP 38 +A: Historically, defamation laws 39 +AND 40 +we'll be next." 41 + 42 +They mobilize the alt right 43 +Carle: Carle, Robert. Professor of Theology, the King’s College, New York “How the American Academy Helped Create the Alt-Right.” The Federalist, December 2016. RP 44 + 45 +American academics are 46 +AND 47 +of ideological conformity.” 48 + 49 +Advocacy: Public colleges and universities in the United States ought not restrict any constitutionally protected free speech. 50 +Kurtz: Kurtz, Stanley. Contributor, National Review “A Plan to Restore Free Speech on Campus.” The Corner, December 2015. RP 51 + 52 +First: Colleges and 53 +AND 54 +pre-existing speech codes. 55 + 56 +Part 3: Let the Words Fall Out 57 +Deregulating campus speech sets valuable legal precedents. 58 + 59 +ACLU 2: The American Civil Liberties Union. “Hate Speech on Campus,” American Civil Liberties Union, 2016. BE 60 + 61 +A: Free speech rights 62 +AND 63 +of the peace." 64 + 65 +And only OPEN DIALOGUE gets students to demand liberation THEMSELVES 66 +DeBrabander: DeBrabander, Firmin. Associate Professor of Philosophy, Maryland Institute College of Art “Do Guns Make Us Free?: Democracy and the Armed Society.” Yale University Press, May 19, 2015. BE 67 + 68 +The famed education 69 +AND 70 +be lectured to. 71 + 72 +Meanwhile, speech codes DEMOBILIZE ACTION 73 +Strossen 2: Strossen, Nadine. John Marshall Harlan II Professor of Law, New York Law School “Regulating Racist Speech on Campus: A Modest Proposal?” Duke Law Journal, 484-573, 1990. BE 74 + 75 +There is a 76 +AND 77 +follow from it.39 5 78 + 79 +In fact, free speech is key to students learning to REJECT oppressive views. 80 +Leonard: Leonard, James. Professor of Law, Ohio Northern University “Killing with Kindness: Speech Codes in the American University.” Ohio Northern University Law Review. Volume 19, 1993. RP 81 + 82 +Perhaps the archetypal 83 +AND 84 +has aged well. 85 + 86 +Indeed, free campus speech is UNIQUELY key to liberation and activism 87 +Puzder: Puzder, Andy. Chief Executive Officer, CKE Restaurants “The Importance of Free Speech on Campus.” Real Clear Politics, December 2015. RP 88 + 89 +As a former 90 +AND 91 +to do so. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,0 +1,98 @@ 1 +Part 1: Framework 2 + 3 +I value a Just State, meaning a government that respects each person’s social membership. 4 + 5 +States can only be accountable to all people if they weigh citizens’ interests equally. 6 +Delmas writes: Delmas, C. Assistant Professor at the Clemson University Department of Philosophy and Religion and the Director of the Law, Liberty, and Justice Program. “State Legitimacy and Political Obligation in Justice for Hedgehogs: The Radical Potential of Dworkinian Dignity. Boston University Law Review, 2009. DD 7 + 8 +Second, the state 9 +AND 10 +community) is unacceptable. 11 + 12 +Just states must determine who is due what based on the core values that citizens share. 13 +Rawls writes: John Rawls Harvard Philosophy Professor Justice as Fairness: Political not Metaphysical, Philosophy and Public Affairs, Vol. 14, No. 3. 1985. DD 14 +It should be 15 +AND 16 +philosophy's longstanding problems. 17 + 18 +States must recognize the baseline level of social equality that people deserve. 19 +Daniels shows: Norman Daniels. Democratic Equality: Rawls’s Complex Egalitarianism. 2002. DD 20 + 21 +Because of their 22 +AND 23 +echo of Rousseau.” 24 + 25 +Thus, the standard is Promoting Social Empowerment. Promoting Social Empowerment means letting all people demand and achieve a say in the conditions that govern them. 26 + 27 +First, states are pluralistic, giving all members the right to be included in pursuing their own life plans. 28 +Galston shows: Galston, William A. The Practice of Liberal Pluralism. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2005. 29 + 30 +Politics is purposive 31 +AND 32 +they see fit. 33 + 34 +Second, empowerment is key to securing order and maximizing marginal utility, so my standard controls the link to all util frameworks. 35 +Hooker writes: Hooker, Brad. Philosophy Professor University of Reading Ideal Code, Real World. 2003. 36 +Now imagine a 37 +AND 38 +phenomenon is important. 39 + 40 +Part 2: Kept on the Inside 41 +Speech codes make students SIT DOWN AND SHUT UP. 42 +Ahmari: Ahmari, Sohrab. Assistant Books Editor, The Wall Street Journal “How Free Speech Died on Campus.” The Wall Street Journal, November 16, 2012. BE 43 + 44 +At Northeastern University, 45 +AND 46 +means protecting dissenters." 47 + 48 +Speech restrictions have a spillover effect 49 +Strossen 1: Strossen, Nadine. John Marshall Harlan II Professor of Law, New York Law School “Regulating Racist Speech on Campus: A Modest Proposal?” Duke Law Journal, 484-573, 1990. BE 50 + 51 +The experience with 52 +AND 53 +and worth revering.191 54 + 55 +Empirics confirm college codes are only enforced against minorities. 56 +ACLU 1: The American Civil Liberties Union. “Hate Speech on Campus,” American Civil Liberties Union, 2016. RP 57 +A: Historically, defamation laws 58 +AND 59 +we'll be next." 60 + 61 +Advocacy: Public colleges and universities in the United States ought not restrict any constitutionally protected free speech. 62 + 63 +Part 3: Let the Words Fall Out 64 +Deregulating campus speech sets valuable legal precedents. 65 + 66 +ACLU 2: The American Civil Liberties Union. “Hate Speech on Campus,” American Civil Liberties Union, 2016. BE 67 + 68 +A: Free speech rights 69 +AND 70 +of the peace." 71 + 72 +And only OPEN DIALOGUE gets students to demand liberation THEMSELVES 73 +DeBrabander: DeBrabander, Firmin. Associate Professor of Philosophy, Maryland Institute College of Art “Do Guns Make Us Free?: Democracy and the Armed Society.” Yale University Press, May 19, 2015. BE 74 + 75 +The famed education 76 +AND 77 +be lectured to. 78 + 79 +Meanwhile, speech codes DEMOBILIZE ACTION 80 +Strossen 2: Strossen, Nadine. John Marshall Harlan II Professor of Law, New York Law School “Regulating Racist Speech on Campus: A Modest Proposal?” Duke Law Journal, 484-573, 1990. BE 81 + 82 +There is a 83 +AND 84 +follow from it.39 5 85 + 86 +In fact, free speech is key to students learning to REJECT oppressive views. 87 +Leonard: Leonard, James. Professor of Law, Ohio Northern University “Killing with Kindness: Speech Codes in the American University.” Ohio Northern University Law Review. Volume 19, 1993. RP 88 + 89 +Perhaps the archetypal 90 +AND 91 +has aged well. 92 + 93 +Indeed, free campus speech is UNIQUELY key to liberation and activism 94 +Puzder: Puzder, Andy. Chief Executive Officer, CKE Restaurants “The Importance of Free Speech on Campus.” Real Clear Politics, December 2015. RP 95 + 96 +As a former 97 +AND 98 +to do so. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,0 +1,96 @@ 1 +Part 1 is the Framework 2 +The Role of the Judge is to Promote Critical Thinking, which means they must enhance our potential to expose dominant, oppressive social biases. 3 + 4 + 5 +Status quo actors use violence to smother critical thought. Fighting oppression requires judges to help make debate a place to challenge social norms. 6 +Giroux 1: Giroux, Henry. Waterbury Chair Professor, Pennsylvania State University "The Curse of Totalitarianism and the Challenge of Critical Pedagogy." Philosophersforchange.org, October 13, 2015. BE 7 + 8 +The forces of 9 +AND 10 +a vibrant democracy. 11 + 12 +The Role of the Ballot is to Endorse the More Productive Liberation Strategy for the Oppressed. 13 + 14 +Part 2: Kept on the Inside 15 +CAMPUS SPEECH IS UNDER ATTACK FROM EVERY DIRECTION – demagoges use codes to STIFLE DISSENT and make students SIT DOWN AND SHUT UP. They keep students ignorant so they don’t even question these practices. 16 +Friedersdorf: Friedersdorf, Conor Friedersdorf is a staff writer at The Atlantic, where he focuses on politics and national affairs. He lives in Venice, California, and is the founding editor of The Best of Journalism, a newsletter devoted to exceptional nonfiction. “The Glaring Evidence That Free Speech Is Threatened on Campus .” The Atlantic. March 2016. RP 17 + 18 +Here’s one: Many 19 +AND 20 +threats to speech. 21 + 22 +And hate speech is GETTING WORSE in the status quo, regardless of speech codes. 23 +Long ’17: Long, Katherine. Journalist, Seattle Times “UW on Edge Over Perception of Rise in Hate Speech.” The Seattle Times, January 27, 2017. RP 24 + 25 +More than a 26 +AND 27 +and feeling futile.” 28 + 29 +In fact, ANY speech restrictions have a spillover effect, silencing dissent. 30 +Strossen 1: Strossen, Nadine. John Marshall Harlan II Professor of Law, New York Law School “Regulating Racist Speech on Campus: A Modest Proposal?” Duke Law Journal, 484-573, 1990. BE 31 + 32 +The experience with 33 +AND 34 +and worth revering.191 35 + 36 +Worse, the speech codes door swings both ways, targeting the very people they claim to help – empirics confirm college codes are primarily enforced against minorities. 37 +ACLU 1: The American Civil Liberties Union. “Hate Speech on Campus,” American Civil Liberties Union, 2016. RP 38 + 39 +A: Historically, defamation 40 +AND 41 +we'll be next." 42 + 43 +And the “for me, but not for thee” approach to free speech BACKFIRES by mobilizing white nationalists – they’re rampant in the status quo. When they feel marginalized by speech codes, they radicalize instead. 44 +Carle: Carle, Robert. Professor of Theology, the King’s College, New York “How the American Academy Helped Create the Alt-Right.” The Federalist, December 2016. RP 45 +*Bracketed for offensiveness 46 + 47 +American academics are 48 +AND 49 +of ideological conformity.” 50 + 51 +This dooms any alternatives to the status quo to failure – speech codes guarantee militarized crackdown against all who dissent. 52 +Godrej: Godrej, Farah. Professor of Political Science, UC Riverdale “Neoliberalism, Militarization, and the Price of Dissent.” The Imperial University: Academic Repression and Scholarly Dissent. University of Minnesota Press, 2014. RP 53 + 54 +In this chapter, 55 +AND 56 +be in question. 57 + 58 +Advocacy: Public colleges and universities in the United States ought not restrict any constitutionally protected speech. 59 + 60 + 61 +Part 3: Let the Words Fall Out 62 +Deregulating campus speech sets legal precedents that enable movements and protests, even if it protects bigots – Civil Rights prove. 63 +ACLU 2: The American Civil Liberties Union. “Hate Speech on Campus,” American Civil Liberties Union, 2016. BE 64 + 65 +A: Free speech 66 +AND 67 +of the peace." 68 + 69 +Community solutions are key to fix community problems. The question isn’t whether hate speech is good, but WHO should regulate it: administrators or students themselves. Non-legal remedies like shunning work better. 70 +Etzioni: Etzioni, Amitai. Director of the Institute for Communitarian Policy Studies, George Washington University The Spirit of Community: Rights, Responsibilities, and the Communitarian Agenda. New York: Crown Publishers, Inc., 1993. CH 71 + 72 +Thus it might 73 +AND 74 +offended by them. 75 + 76 +Change must occur bottom up ~-~- counterspeech from targets and allies is key to grassroots movements and strategies 77 +Majeed: Majeed, Azhar. J.D., University of Michigan “Defying the Constitution: The Rise, Persistence, and Prevalence Of Campus Speech Codes.” Georgetown Journal of Law and Public Policy, 7 Geo. J.L. and Pub. Pol’y 481, 2009. CH 78 + 79 +Moreover, the counterspeech 80 +AND 81 +to hateful messages. 82 + 83 +Free speech helps students KNOW THEIR ENEMY –speech codes just drive oppression underground. Students can’t mobilize against campus racism if they never see it. 84 +Calleros: Calleros, Charles R. Professor of Law, Arizona State University “Paternalism, Counterspeech, and Campus Hate-Speech Codes.” Arizona State Law Journal, Winter 1995. RP 85 + 86 +One cannot eliminate 87 +AND 88 +at every turn. 89 + 90 +And only open dialogue gets students to demand liberation THEMSELVES, creating a radical democracy in colleges. 91 + 92 +DeBrabander: DeBrabander, Firmin. Associate Professor of Philosophy, Maryland Institute College of Art “Do Guns Make Us Free?: Democracy and the Armed Society.” Yale University Press, May 19, 2015. BE 93 + 94 +The famed education 95 +AND 96 +be lectured to. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +2017-02-19 15:26:16.865 - Judge
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +Jenn Melin - Opponent
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +Byram Hills JB - ParentRound
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +6 - Round
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +1 - Team
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +Harrison Lapkin Aff - Title
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +JANFEB - Radical Democracy AC v3 - Tournament
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +Harvard
- Caselist.RoundClass[1]
-
- Cites
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +2 - EntryDate
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +2016-12-03 17:14:51.0 - Judge
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +Jamie Hintson - Opponent
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +Timothy Christian JK - Round
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +2 - Tournament
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +Princeton
- Caselist.RoundClass[2]
-
- Cites
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +3 - EntryDate
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +2016-12-03 17:16:14.0 - Judge
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +Talia Coyne - Opponent
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +Lake Highland Prep JW - Round
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +3 - Tournament
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +Princeton
- Caselist.RoundClass[3]
-
- Cites
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +4 - EntryDate
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +2016-12-04 15:02:25.0 - Judge
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +Wesley Hu - Opponent
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +Chaminade DH - Round
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +6 - Tournament
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +Princeton
- Caselist.RoundClass[4]
-
- Cites
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +5 - EntryDate
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +2017-01-14 18:03:35.0 - Judge
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +Kieran Cavanagh - Opponent
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +Ridge VT - Round
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +2 - Tournament
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +Newark
- Caselist.RoundClass[5]
-
- Cites
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +6 - EntryDate
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +2017-01-14 18:09:44.0 - Judge
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +David McGinnis - Opponent
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +Niskayuna KD - Round
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +2 - Tournament
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +Lexington
- Caselist.RoundClass[6]
-
- EntryDate
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +2017-02-19 15:26:15.0 - Judge
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +Jenn Melin - Opponent
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +Byram Hills JB - Round
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +1 - Tournament
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +Harvard