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... ... @@ -1,61 +1,0 @@ 1 -Framework 6:00 2 -0:40 The political process has changed – instead of trying to engage with society, we have become fixated on symbolic gestures and looking to personal ethics, leading to serial policy failure and the War on Terror. We need to engage with concrete action not ‘me-search’ and radical utopias 3 -Chandler 7 (David Chandler – Professor of International Relations and the Director of the Centre for the Study of Democracy at the Department of Politics and International Relations at the University of Westminster. He’s also the founding editor of the Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding, “The Attraction of Post-Territorial Politics: Ethics and Activism in the International Sphere (The Inaugural Lecture of Professor David Chandler)”, http://www.davidchandler.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Inaugural-lecture.pdf, pgs. 1-9, EmmieeM) 4 -Introduction. It seems that our engagement with and understanding of politics is increasingly shaped 5 -AND 6 -, critique, and ultimately overcome the practices and subjectivities of our time. 7 -0:18 Focus on big, apocalyptic scenarios justifies all atrocities carried out in the name of avoiding them – prefer being an intellectual coming up with methodologies for change rather than feeding the security machine 8 -Matheson 15 (Calum Matheson – This is his PhD dissertation at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, “Desired Ground Zeros: Nuclear Imagination and the Death Drive”, https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/indexablecontent/uuid:4bbcb13b-0b5f-43a1-884c-fcd6e6411fd6, pg. 187-189, EmmieeM) 9 -The danger of seeking the Real of nuclear warfare in language is that the inevitable 10 -AND 11 -the impossibility of an eventual triumph of automaton against the caprice of tuché. 12 -0:22 Challenging background beliefs about security measures is a prior question because educational spaces like debate is where knowledge about war is created and asserted. Acting as a critical outsider within public spaces is crucial to changing prevailing beliefs and practices 13 -Crawford 16 (Neta C Crawford is a professor of Political Science at Boston University who focuses on international relations theory and discourse ethics. She has won the American Political Science Association Jervis and Schroeder Award for her writings on international politics. She has been published in numerous scholarly journals and books, in addition to having served as the chair of the International Studies Association, The British Journal of Politics and International Relations, “What is war good for? Background ideas and assumptions about the legitimacy, utility, and costs of offensive war”, http://bpi.sagepub.com/content/18/2/282.full.pdf+html, pages 286-288, EmmieeM) 14 -While the deeper background ideas about war are not routinely surfaces, foregrounded, and 15 -AND 16 -has been the case with assumptions about the legitimacy and utility of war. 17 -0:25 Questioning the legitimacy of war and securitization is key to deconstruct the background ideas that shape the development of tactics, research, and weapons. Thus the role of the ballot is to vote for the debater that best deconstructs the security state through policy action 18 -Crawford 16 (Neta C Crawford is a professor of Political Science at Boston University who focuses on international relations theory and discourse ethics. She has won the American Political Science Association Jervis and Schroeder Award for her writings on international politics. She has been published in numerous scholarly journals and books, in addition to having served as the chair of the International Studies Association, The British Journal of Politics and International Relations, “What is war good for? Background ideas and assumptions about the legitimacy, utility, and costs of offensive war”, http://bpi.sagepub.com/content/18/2/282.full.pdf+html, pages 284-186, EmmieeM) 19 -War is defined as the use of military force to achieve a political objective. 20 -AND 21 -may be rarely expressed in explicit propositional form among the politically dominant classes. 22 -Offense 4:10 23 -0:38 Colleges are the newest target of the security state – the perception that universities are uniquely capable of supporting democracy and dissent over the War on Terror and free enterprise drives right-wing extremists to enforce censorship, under the guise of advancing tolerance and rights 24 -Giroux 6 (Henry A. Giroux – one of the founding theorists of critical pedagogy, PhD from Carnegie, was a professor at Boston University and scholar at Miami University. Was the founding Director of the Center for Education and Cultural Studies. Published by John Hopkins University Press, “Academic Freedom Under FIre: The Case for Critical Pedagogy, pgs. 1 – 9, http://muse.jhu.edu/article/203608/pdf, EmmieeM) 25 -Higher education in the United States appears to be caught in a strange contradiction. 26 -AND 27 -the best talent to American universities” (Jonathan Cole 2005b, B7). 28 -1:22 The dissenter has become the terrorist to be eradicated – the security state has transformed college censorship into a tool of suppression for radical or brown students under the pretense of enforcing diversity and tolerance for right-wing students. Absent analysis of the War on Terror, liberation becomes impossible because struggles for racial or gender equality becomes coopted to further Islamaphobia and Middle East interventionism. 29 -Chatterjee 14 (Piya Chatterjee – Gender and Woman’s Studies Chair of the Feminist, 30 -AND 31 -20and20Sunaina20Maira.pdf, “Academic Containment”, EmmieeM) 32 -State warfare and militarism have shored up deeply powerful notions of patriotism, intertwined with 33 -AND 34 -the mission of higher education and the future of the nation-state. 35 -0:35 Security thrives on insecurity – the state fabricates dangerous “Others” to justify endless warfare in order to sustain hegemony and the myth of perpetual threats. Any weighing calculus that fails to account for the invisible violence happening in the status quo is epistemologically flawed – only through acknowledging that the War on Terror is fueled by the torture and slaughter of ordinary citizens can we deconstruct securitization. 36 -McClintock 9 (Anne McClintock – B.A in English from University of Cape Town; M.Phil in Linguistics at the University of Cambridge; PhD in English Literature from Columbia; previous Associate Professor of Gender and Cultural Studies at Columbia“Paranoid Empire: Specters From Guantanamo and Abu Ghraib”, pgs. 50-54, http://english110fall2014leroy.qwriting.qc.cuny.edu/files/2014/06/13.1.mcclintock.pdf, EmmieeM) 37 -The question is still open: what is the purpose of Guantanamo Bay? Is 38 -AND 39 -contradictory sites where imperial racism, sexuality, and gender catastrophically collide.11 40 -0:10 Thus, the plan. Resolved: Public colleges and universities ought not restrict any constitutionally protected speech. 41 -Downs 4 (Donald Alexander Downs – Professor of Political Science, Law and Journalism at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, and Research Fellow at the Independent Institute, Oakland, California. He has won the Annisfield-Wolf Book Award, the Gladys M. Kammerer Award of the American Political Science Association, and has been in published in journals, encyclopedias, and professional books. “Restoring Free Speech and Liberty on Campus”, pgs. Xx – xxi, http://www.thedivineconspiracy.org/Z5243N.pdf, EmmieeM) 42 -During most of the twentieth century, threats to campus free speech and academic freedom 43 -AND 44 -commitment on campus can help to bring about this retrieval of liberal principles. 45 -Solvency 1:20 46 -0:47 The affirmative is an act of carpentry – the world is a really messed up place, but you cannot deny the existence of 6 billion people who cannot survive absent infrastructure and networks that provide food, transportation, and medicine. Empty critiques and radical upheavals devoid of concrete proposals are incomprehensible, doomed to failure, and drive people towards reigning ideology 47 -Bryant 12 — Levi R. Bryant, Professor of Philosophy at Collin College, holds a Ph.D. in Philosophy from Loyola University in Chicago, 2012 (“Underpants Gnomes: A Critique of the Academic Left,” Larval Subjects—Levi R. Bryant’s philosophy blog, November 11th, Available Online at http://larvalsubjects.wordpress.com/2012/11/11/underpants-gnomes-a-critique-of-the-academic-left/, Accessed 02-21-2014) 48 -I must be in a mood today–half irritated, half amused–because 49 -AND 50 -. Instead we prefer to shout and denounce. Good luck with that. 51 - 52 -0:36 The security state operates on a binary where people are either complacent allies or dissenters to be suppressed at all costs – by framing unsavory speech acts as coming from people who are our equals and share more similarities than differences rather than evil “Others” to be destroyed, the affirmative avoids cooption of “protection” movements and the antagonisms that drive war. Anything other than complete rejection hyperlinks to the impacts of the AFF. 53 -Ivie 5 (Robert L. Ivie – PhD in Rhetoric and Communication at WashU, “Democratic Dissent and the Trick of Rhetorical Critique”, “Dissent as a Form of Struggle” – entire section, pg. 279 – 280, http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.832.4092andrep=rep1andtype=pdf, EmmieeM) 54 -Democracy’s formidable challenge may be most clearly indicated on the occasion of war. War 55 -AND 56 -polity of adversaries and thus no politics, only forced unity and unmitigated enmity 57 - 58 - 59 -that is the end of politics, per se. The depoliticized alternatives to dissent 60 -AND 61 -it is otherwise curtailed and constrained by a regime of crisis and war? - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,54 +1,0 @@ 1 -The political process has changed – instead of trying to engage with society, we have become fixated on symbolic gestures and looking to personal ethics, leading to serial policy failure and the War on Terror. We need to engage with concrete action not ‘me-search’ and radical utopias. Thus the role of the ballot is to vote for the debater that best deconstructs the security state through policy action. 2 -Chandler 7 (David Chandler – Professor of International Relations and the Director of the Centre for the Study of Democracy at the Department of Politics and International Relations at the University of Westminster. He’s also the founding editor of the Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding, “The Attraction of Post-Territorial Politics: Ethics and Activism in the International Sphere (The Inaugural Lecture of Professor David Chandler)”, http://www.davidchandler.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Inaugural-lecture.pdf, pgs. 1-9, EmmieeM) 3 -Introduction. It seems that our engagement with and understanding of politics is increasingly shaped 4 -AND 5 -, critique, and ultimately overcome the practices and subjectivities of our time. 6 -Thus, the plan. Resolved: Public colleges and universities in the United States ought not restrict any constitutionally protected speech. 7 -Downs 4 (Donald Alexander Downs – Professor of Political Science, Law and Journalism at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, and Research Fellow at the Independent Institute, Oakland, California. He has won the Annisfield-Wolf Book Award, the Gladys M. Kammerer Award of the American Political Science Association, and has been in published in journals, encyclopedias, and professional books. “Restoring Free Speech and Liberty on Campus”, pgs. Xx – xxi, http://www.thedivineconspiracy.org/Z5243N.pdf, EmmieeM) 8 -During most of the twentieth century, threats to campus free speech and academic freedom 9 -AND 10 -commitment on campus can help to bring about this retrieval of liberal principles. 11 -Recognition 5:05 12 -Colleges are the newest target of the security state – the perception that universities are uniquely capable of supporting democracy and dissent over the War on Terror and free enterprise drives right-wing extremists to enforce censorship, under the guise of advancing tolerance and rights 13 -Giroux 6 (Henry A. Giroux – one of the founding theorists of critical pedagogy, PhD from Carnegie, was a professor at Boston University and scholar at Miami University. Was the founding Director of the Center for Education and Cultural Studies. Published by John Hopkins University Press, “Academic Freedom Under FIre: The Case for Critical Pedagogy, pgs. 1 – 9, http://muse.jhu.edu/article/203608/pdf, EmmieeM) 14 -Higher education in the United States appears to be caught in a strange contradiction. 15 -AND 16 -the best talent to American universities” (Jonathan Cole 2005b, B7). 17 -The dissenter has become the terrorist to be eradicated – the security state has transformed college censorship into a tool of suppression for radical or brown students under the pretense of enforcing diversity and tolerance for right-wing students. Absent analysis of the War on Terror, liberation becomes impossible because struggles for racial or gender equality becomes coopted to further Islamaphobia and Middle East interventionism. 18 -Chatterjee 14 (Piya Chatterjee – Gender and Woman’s Studies Chair of the Feminist, 19 -AND 20 -20and20Sunaina20Maira.pdf, “Academic Containment”, EmmieeM) 21 -State warfare and militarism have shored up deeply powerful notions of patriotism, intertwined with 22 -AND 23 -the mission of higher education and the future of the nation-state. 24 -Any form of free speech restrictions leads to massive overreach and censorship of minority movements – empirically proven 25 -Gey 98 (Steven G. Gey – John W. and Ashley E. Frost Professor of Law, Florida State University College of Law, “Postmodern Censorship Revisited: A Reply to Richard Delgado”, “Professor Delgado and the Problem of Government Overreaching” – partway through, EmmieeM) 26 -Professor Delgado responds to the problem of controlling the application of speech-regulation statues 27 -AND 28 -in a "deliberate, planned extermination or attempted extermination of a people." 29 -Security thrives on insecurity – the state fabricates dangerous “Others” to justify endless warfare in order to sustain hegemony and the myth of perpetual threats. Any weighing calculus that fails to account for the invisible violence happening in the status quo is epistemologically flawed – only through acknowledging that the War on Terror is fueled by the torture and slaughter of ordinary citizens can we deconstruct securitization. 30 -McClintock 9 (Anne McClintock – B.A in English from University of Cape Town; M.Phil in Linguistics at the University of Cambridge; PhD in English Literature from Columbia; previous Associate Professor of Gender and Cultural Studies at Columbia“Paranoid Empire: Specters From Guantanamo and Abu Ghraib”, pgs. 50-54, http://english110fall2014leroy.qwriting.qc.cuny.edu/files/2014/06/13.1.mcclintock.pdf, EmmieeM) 31 -The question is still open: what is the purpose of Guantanamo Bay? Is 32 -AND 33 -contradictory sites where imperial racism, sexuality, and gender catastrophically collide.11 34 -Free speech codes shut down campus criticism and replace it with government-approved propaganda – there’s a massive spillover effect because journalism grads lose the ability to pursue controversial pieces and censorship becomes normalized 35 -Sanders 6 (Chris Sanders – University of Arizona Law Review, “Censorship 101: Anti-Hazelwood Laws and the Preservation of Free Speech at Colleges and Universities”, “Say no More: Hazelwood’s Dangers For College Students’ Free Expression” – through the end of “Too Much Freedom: How the Extension of Hazelwood to Universities Could Endanger the Future of the First Amendment”, pgs. 171 – 173, https://www.law.ua.edu/pubs/lrarticles/Volume2058/Issue201/sanders.pdf , EmmieeM) 36 -Post-Hazelwood censorship disputes have not been limited to high schools; a number 37 -AND 38 -” speech is nothing more than a distant memory from an earlier time. 39 -Discourse is a pre-requisite to change – relationships must first be made visible before reformation can occur 40 -Wingenbach 11 (Ed, Notre Dame Government and international studies PhD, “Institutionalizing Agonistic Democracy,” pg 190-198, https://books.google.com/books?id=7-8JrC64UgwCandprintsec=frontcover//LADI) 41 -Third, because Knops ignores the situated source of antagonism and the persistence of hegemony 42 -AND 43 -opened up to greater contestation, generosity, and active re-constitution. 44 -Underview 1:14 45 -The affirmative is an act of carpentry – the world is a really messed up place, but you cannot deny the existence of 6 billion people who cannot survive absent infrastructure and networks that provide food, transportation, and medicine. Empty critiques and radical upheavals devoid of concrete proposals are incomprehensible, doomed to failure, and drive people towards reigning ideology 46 -Bryant 12 — Levi R. Bryant, Professor of Philosophy at Collin College, holds a Ph.D. in Philosophy from Loyola University in Chicago, 2012 (“Underpants Gnomes: A Critique of the Academic Left,” Larval Subjects—Levi R. Bryant’s philosophy blog, November 11th, Available Online at http://larvalsubjects.wordpress.com/2012/11/11/underpants-gnomes-a-critique-of-the-academic-left/, Accessed 02-21-2014) 47 -I must be in a mood today–half irritated, half amused–because 48 -AND 49 -. Instead we prefer to shout and denounce. Good luck with that. 50 -Totalizing accounts of power freeze resistance – working within structures of power creates spaces of meaning contra oppressive scripts. 51 -Zanotti 13 (Laura, Ph.D., Virginia Tech, “Governmentality, Ontology, Methodology: Re-thinking Political Agency in the Global World,” Alternatives: Global, Local, Political 201X, Vol XX(X) 1–17) 52 -Political agency is not portrayed as the free subjects’ total rejection of a unified totalizing 53 -AND 54 -position leads not to apathy but to hyper- and pessimistic activism.’’ - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,57 +1,0 @@ 1 -Framework 2 -Current discussions of free speech operate under a straight understanding of queerness and force queer bodies to be split from their identity through separating identity from expression – we need to abstract from the “normal” insofar that queer voices are included as a pre-requisite to discussions of the topic because we can’t have objective evaluations using biased scholarship that teaches us to stigmatize an entire group of people. Thus the Role of the Ballot is to vote for the debater that provides the best methodology for challenging the oppression of queer bodies. 3 -Yalda 99 (Christine Yalda – Arizona State University/SAGE Publications, “Walking the Straight and Narrow: Performative Sexuality and the First Amendment After Hurley”, http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/096466399900800102, pgs. 33 – 36, EmmieeM) 4 -Although the Hurley Court conflates heterosexual act and identity to constitute the council, it 5 -AND 6 -, i.e. that someone can be both Irish and queer. 7 -Focus on big, apocalyptic scenarios justifies all atrocities carried out in the name of avoiding them while simultaneously doing very little to inspire real change – prefer discussions of impacts happening in the status quo over useless abstractions about catastrophe 8 -Matheson 15 (Calum Matheson – This is his PhD dissertation at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, “Desired Ground Zeros: Nuclear Imagination and the Death Drive”, https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/indexablecontent/uuid:4bbcb13b-0b5f-43a1-884c-fcd6e6411fd6, pg. 187-189, EmmieeM) 9 -The danger of seeking the Real of nuclear warfare in language is that the inevitable 10 -AND 11 -the impossibility of an eventual triumph of automaton against the caprice of tuché. 12 -The resolution asks us to use colleges as sites of resistance, but the academy is bankrupt – policies like school surveillance and zero tolerance separate students into “deserving” and “undeserving” bodies with the latter corralled into choosing between crime and military. Instead of following the rules and attempting to show that we too are “worthy citizens”, we need to embrace anti-education and alternate scholarship that deconstructs the fundamental obedience to rules that the system valorizes 13 -Cowen and Siciliano 11 (Deborah Cowen and Amy Siciliano – Deborah Cowen is an Assistant Professor at the University of Toronto. Amy Sicilliano is a Postdoctoral Fellow at the City Institute of York University in Toronto, This book is compiled/edited by Shelley Feldman, Charles Geyser, Gayatri Menon – Shelley Feldman is an International Professor of Development Sociology and the Director of Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality Studies Program at Cornell. Charles Geisler is an International Professor of Development Sociology at Cornell. Gayatri Menon is a Visiting Assistant Professor of Sociology at the Franklin and Marshall College, “Geographies of Justice and Social Transformation: Accumulating Insecurity: Violence and Dispossession in the Making of Everyday Life”, “Rights in Suspension”, http://puffin.harker.org:2341/lib/harker/reader.action?docID=10457039andppg=1, pg. 108-119, EmmieeM) 14 -Schools have long been crucial institutions of liberal citizenship for the production of both discipline 15 -AND 16 -are part of the assembling of a broad future of securitized social reproduction. 17 -Queer Anarchy 4:03 18 -‘Free speech’ is not a static concept – what is considered protected under the First Amendment reflects the position of civil society and those in power. The marketplace of ideas is a construct that is set up to give the perception of free discussion while simultaneously excluding “undeserving” voices 19 -Fish 94 (Stanley Fish – American literary theorist, legal scholar, author, and public intellectual; Floersheimer Distinguished Visiting Professor of Law at Yeshiva University, “There’s No Such Thing As Free Speech: And It's a Good Thing Too”, https://books.google.com/books?hl=enandlr=andid=GtdrpVZpTfUCandoi=fndandpg=PR11andots=hRG0qlDGedandsig=7hFHzMjY7hisMGLN2yQjdkKmRvs#v=onepageandqandf=false, pgs. 15 –17, EmmieeM) 20 -The moral is the one I draw in “There’s No Such Thing as Free 21 -AND 22 -infected in its very constitution (here both a noun and a verb). 23 -Progress is futile – the security state has constructed the structure of the law as something that will necessarily provide civil society an enemy to define both its own existence and the expansion of militarism - step away from normativity and become the camouflaging terrorist that is slain by the benevolent state protector 24 -Genova 11 (Nicholas de Genova – Visiting Scholar in the Center for the Study of Race, Politics, and Culture at the University of Chicago and has been a research professor at the University of Amsterdam. He has taught anthropology at Stanford and Columbia and been an international research fellow at the University of Warwick. This book is compiled/edited by Shelley Feldman, Charles Geyser, Gayatri Menon – Shelley Feldman is an International Professor of Development Sociology and the Director of Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality Studies Program at Cornell. Charles Geisler is an International Professor of Development Sociology at Cornell. Gayatri Menon is a Visiting Assistant Professor of Sociology at the Franklin and Marshall College, “Geographies of Justice and Social Transformation: Accumulating Insecurity: Violence and Dispossession in the Making of Everyday Life”, Chapter 2- Fugitive Corporeality, http://puffin.harker.org:2341/lib/harker/reader.action?docID=10457039, Pg. 142-150, EmmieeM) 25 -The demand for a dutiful and docile (and now, patriotic, even heroic 26 -AND 27 -, pre-emptively supplying the justificatory rationale for still more state power. 28 -The queer body is the non-conforming societal terrorist – from the AIDs epidemic to the “destruction of marriage and the family”, the queer is perceived as a threat to both cis-straight bodies and heteronormative society. The only alternative positioning allowed by American biopolitics is that of a market commodity to be exploited. 29 -Puar 7 (Jasbir Puar – associate professor in the Department of Women’s and Gender Studies at Rutgers University who has received countless national awards (Association for Asian American Studies Cultural Studies Book Award, Excellence in Graduate Teaching Award, etc), “Terrorist Assemblages: Homonationalism in Queer Times”, https://static1.squarespace.com/static/54234b64e4b080ee5d54b2f0/t/5424b19ee4b070e9080566cf/1411690910458/jasbir-puar_terrorist-assemblages_preface.pdf, pg. 4 – 10, EmmieeM) 30 -Terrorist Assemblages: Homonationalism in Queer Times is an invitation to deeper exploration of these 31 -AND 32 -always-becoming (continual ontological emergence, a Deleuzian becoming without being). 33 -There can never be any hope of progress within the legal system because it is set up in such a way to erase queerness while simultaneously perpetuating queer violence – things like the trans-panic defense and deliberate sabotage of statistical gathering to down-play incidents of queer violence force the queer to become bare life. 34 -Stanley 11 (Eric Stanley, “Near Life, Queer Death: Overkill and Ontological Capture”, https://queerhistory.files.wordpress.com/2011/06/near-life-queer-death-eric-stanley.pdf, PG. 5 – 15, EmmieeM) 35 -The numbers, degrees, locations, kinds, types, and frequency of attacks 36 -AND 37 -threat as a symbol of shattering difference, monstrosity, and irreconcilable contradiction. 38 - 39 - 40 -This fetishistic structure allows one to believe that queers are an inescapable threat and at 41 -AND 42 -hollow space of ontological capture that life might still be lived, otherwise. 43 -Cruel optimism has tangible psychological effects on queer bodies because it forces them to remain attached to the idea that things can get better and repeatedly suffer the realization that it is impossible 44 -Berlant 8 (Lauren Berlant, “Cruel Optimism: On Marx, Loss and the Sense”, “Optimism and its Objects”, http://www.chineseollie.com/didyouread/Berlant-Cruel-Optimism.pdf, pg. 33, EmmieeM) 45 -When we talk about an object of desire, we are really talking about a 46 -AND 47 -a sudden incapacity to manage startling situations, as we will see below. 48 -We must abandon the political – state-based “support” forms is used to drive homonationalism – the view of the U.S. as benign, which masks militarism and Middle East interventionism 49 -Puar 13 (Jasbir Puar – associate professor in the Department of Women’s and Gender Studies at Rutgers University who has received countless national awards (Association for Asian American Studies Cultural Studies Book Award, Excellence in Graduate Teaching Award, etc), Jindal Global Law Review, “Homonationalism as Assemblage: Viral Travels, Affective Sexualities”, http://www.thing.net/~rdom/ucsd/3somesPlus/Puar.pdf, pg. 24-28, EmmieeM) 50 -In my 2007 monograph, Terrorist Assemblages: Homonationalism in Queer Times (hereinafter TA 51 -AND 52 -the legislation regarding the severe compromises made in order to enable its passage. 53 -Thus my advocacy – queer anarchy - the only viable option is to call for queer anarchy – a radical insurrection that overthrows civil society 54 -Mary Nardini no date (Mary Nardini Gang, “Towards the Queerest Insurrection”, http://www.weldd.org/sites/default/files/Toward20the20Queerest20Insurrection.pdf, EmmieeM) 55 -Susan Stryker writes that the state acts to “regulate bodies, in ways both 56 -AND 57 -The rioting spread throughout the city as others joined in on the fun! - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,55 +1,0 @@ 1 -ROB 2 -The political process has changed - instead of trying to engage with society, we have become fixated on symbolic gestures and looking to personal ethics, leading to serial policy failure and the War on Terror. We need to engage with concrete action not 'me-search' and radical utopias. Thus the role of the ballot is to vote for the debater that best deconstructs the security state through policy action. 3 -Chandler 7 (David Chandler - Professor of International Relations and the Director of the Centre for the Study of Democracy at the Department of Politics and International Relations at the University of Westminster. He's also the founding editor of the Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding, “The Attraction of Post-Territorial Politics: Ethics and Activism in the International Sphere (The Inaugural Lecture of Professor David Chandler)”, http://www.davidchandler.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Inaugural-lecture.pdf, pgs. 1-9, EmmieeM) 4 -Introduction. It seems that our engagement with and understanding of politics is increasingly shaped 5 -AND 6 -, critique, and ultimately overcome the practices and subjectivities of our time. 7 -Thus, the plan. Resolved: Public colleges and universities in the United States ought not restrict any constitutionally protected speech. 8 -Downs 4 (Donald Alexander Downs - Professor of Political Science, Law and Journalism at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, and Research Fellow at the Independent Institute, Oakland, California. He has won the Annisfield-Wolf Book Award, the Gladys M. Kammerer Award of the American Political Science Association, and has been in published in journals, encyclopedias, and professional books. “Restoring Free Speech and Liberty on Campus”, pgs. Xx - xxi, http://www.thedivineconspiracy.org/Z5243N.pdf, EmmieeM) 9 -During most of the twentieth century, threats to campus free speech and academic freedom 10 -AND 11 -commitment on campus can help to bring about this retrieval of liberal principles. 12 -Recognition 5:05 13 -Colleges are the newest target of the security state - the perception that universities are uniquely capable of supporting democracy and dissent over the War on Terror and free enterprise drives right-wing extremists to enforce censorship, under the guise of advancing tolerance and rights 14 -Giroux 6 (Henry A. Giroux - one of the founding theorists of critical pedagogy, PhD from Carnegie, was a professor at Boston University and scholar at Miami University. Was the founding Director of the Center for Education and Cultural Studies. Published by John Hopkins University Press, “Academic Freedom Under FIre: The Case for Critical Pedagogy, pgs. 1 - 9, http://muse.jhu.edu/article/203608/pdf, EmmieeM) 15 -Higher education in the United States appears to be caught in a strange contradiction. 16 -AND 17 -the best talent to American universities” (Jonathan Cole 2005b, B7). 18 -The dissenter has become the terrorist to be eradicated - the security state has transformed college censorship into a tool of suppression for radical or brown students under the pretense of enforcing diversity and tolerance for right-wing students. Absent analysis of the War on Terror, liberation becomes impossible because struggles for racial or gender equality becomes coopted to further Islamaphobia and Middle East interventionism. 19 -Chatterjee 14 (Piya Chatterjee - Gender and Woman's Studies Chair of the Feminist, 20 -AND 21 -20and20Sunaina20Maira.pdf, “Academic Containment”, EmmieeM) 22 -State warfare and militarism have shored up deeply powerful notions of patriotism, intertwined with 23 -AND 24 -the mission of higher education and the future of the nation-state. 25 -Any form of free speech restrictions leads to massive overreach and censorship of minority movements - empirically proven 26 -Gey 98 (Steven G. Gey - John W. and Ashley E. Frost Professor of Law, Florida State University College of Law, “Postmodern Censorship Revisited: A Reply to Richard Delgado”, “Professor Delgado and the Problem of Government Overreaching” - partway through, EmmieeM) 27 -Professor Delgado responds to the problem of controlling the application of speech-regulation statues 28 -AND 29 -in a "deliberate, planned extermination or attempted extermination of a people." 30 -Security thrives on insecurity - the state fabricates dangerous “Others” to justify endless warfare in order to sustain hegemony and the myth of perpetual threats. Any weighing calculus that fails to account for the invisible violence happening in the status quo is epistemologically flawed - only through acknowledging that the War on Terror is fueled by the torture and slaughter of ordinary citizens can we deconstruct securitization. 31 -McClintock 9 (Anne McClintock - B.A in English from University of Cape Town; M.Phil in Linguistics at the University of Cambridge; PhD in English Literature from Columbia; previous Associate Professor of Gender and Cultural Studies at Columbia“Paranoid Empire: Specters From Guantanamo and Abu Ghraib”, pgs. 50-54, http://english110fall2014leroy.qwriting.qc.cuny.edu/files/2014/06/13.1.mcclintock.pdf, EmmieeM) 32 -The question is still open: what is the purpose of Guantanamo Bay? Is 33 -AND 34 -contradictory sites where imperial racism, sexuality, and gender catastrophically collide.11 35 -Free speech codes shut down campus criticism and replace it with government-approved propaganda - there's a massive spillover effect because journalism grads lose the ability to pursue controversial pieces and censorship becomes normalized 36 -Sanders 6 (Chris Sanders - University of Arizona Law Review, “Censorship 101: Anti-Hazelwood Laws and the Preservation of Free Speech at Colleges and Universities”, “Say no More: Hazelwood's Dangers For College Students' Free Expression” - through the end of “Too Much Freedom: How the Extension of Hazelwood to Universities Could Endanger the Future of the First Amendment”, pgs. 171 - 173, https://www.law.ua.edu/pubs/lrarticles/Volume2058/Issue201/sanders.pdf , EmmieeM) 37 -Post-Hazelwood censorship disputes have not been limited to high schools; a number 38 -AND 39 -” speech is nothing more than a distant memory from an earlier time. 40 -Discourse is a pre-requisite to change - relationships must first be made visible before reformation can occur 41 -Wingenbach 11 (Ed, Notre Dame Government and international studies PhD, “Institutionalizing Agonistic Democracy,” pg 190-198, https://books.google.com/books?id=7-8JrC64UgwCandprintsec=frontcover//LADI) 42 -Third, because Knops ignores the situated source of antagonism and the persistence of hegemony 43 -AND 44 -opened up to greater contestation, generosity, and active re-constitution. 45 -Underview 1:14 46 -The affirmative is an act of carpentry - the world is a really messed up place, but you cannot deny the existence of 6 billion people who cannot survive absent infrastructure and networks that provide food, transportation, and medicine. Empty critiques and radical upheavals devoid of concrete proposals are incomprehensible, doomed to failure, and drive people towards reigning ideology 47 -Bryant 12 - Levi R. Bryant, Professor of Philosophy at Collin College, holds a Ph.D. in Philosophy from Loyola University in Chicago, 2012 (“Underpants Gnomes: A Critique of the Academic Left,” Larval Subjects-Levi R. Bryant's philosophy blog, November 11th, Available Online at http://larvalsubjects.wordpress.com/2012/11/11/underpants-gnomes-a-critique-of-the-academic-left/, Accessed 02-21-2014) 48 -I must be in a mood today-half irritated, half amused-because 49 -AND 50 -. Instead we prefer to shout and denounce. Good luck with that. 51 -Speech codes are turned around on minorities, give racists a cross on which to hang themselves, drives racism underground and makes it worse, and prevents community mobilization - psychological studies and empirics 52 -Strossen 90 (Nadine Strossen - Professor of Law at the New York Law School + J.D. at Harvard Law School + General Counsel to the ACLU who serves on the Executive Committee and National Board of Directors, “Regulating Racist Speech on Campus: A Modest Proposal?”, Duke University School of Law, “Banning Racist Speech Could Aggravate Racism” - whole thing, pg. 555-561, EmmieeM) 53 -For several reasons banning the symptom of racist speech may com- pound the underlying 54 -AND 55 -more expensive, but ultimately more meaningful, approaches for combating racial discrimination. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,53 +1,0 @@ 1 -1AC 5:50 2 -Framework 3 -Current discussions of free speech separate queer identity from expression, which results in erasure and exclusion – we need to abstract from the “normal” insofar that queer voices are included as a pre-requisite to discussions of the topic because we can’t have objective evaluations using biased scholarship. Thus the Role of the Ballot is to vote for the debater that provides the best methodology for challenging the oppression of queer bodies. 4 -Yalda 99 (Christine Yalda – Arizona State University/SAGE Publications, “Walking the Straight and Narrow: Performative Sexuality and the First Amendment After Hurley”, http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/096466399900800102, pgs. 33 – 36, EmmieeM) 5 -Although the Hurley Court conflates heterosexual act and identity to constitute the council, it 6 -AND 7 -, i.e. that someone can be both Irish and queer. 8 -The resolution asks us to use colleges as sites of resistance, but the academy is bankrupt – policies like school surveillance and zero tolerance separate students into “deserving” and “undeserving” bodies with the latter corralled into choosing between crime and military. Instead of following the rules and attempting to show that we too are “worthy citizens”, we need to embrace anti-education and alternate scholarship that deconstructs the fundamental obedience to rules that the system valorizes 9 -Cowen and Siciliano 11 (Deborah Cowen and Amy Siciliano – Deborah Cowen is an Assistant Professor at the University of Toronto. Amy Sicilliano is a Postdoctoral Fellow at the City Institute of York University in Toronto, This book is compiled/edited by Shelley Feldman, Charles Geyser, Gayatri Menon – Shelley Feldman is an International Professor of Development Sociology and the Director of Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality Studies Program at Cornell. Charles Geisler is an International Professor of Development Sociology at Cornell. Gayatri Menon is a Visiting Assistant Professor of Sociology at the Franklin and Marshall College, “Geographies of Justice and Social Transformation: Accumulating Insecurity: Violence and Dispossession in the Making of Everyday Life”, “Rights in Suspension”, http://puffin.harker.org:2341/lib/harker/reader.action?docID=10457039andppg=1, pg. 108-119, EmmieeM) 10 -Schools have long been crucial institutions of liberal citizenship for the production of both discipline 11 -AND 12 -are part of the assembling of a broad future of securitized social reproduction. 13 -Queer Anarchy 4:30 14 -‘Free speech’ is not a static concept – what is considered protected under the First Amendment reflects the position of civil society and those in power. The marketplace of ideas is a construct that is set up to give the perception of free discussion while simultaneously excluding “undeserving” voices 15 -Fish 94 (Stanley Fish – American literary theorist, legal scholar, author, and public intellectual; Floersheimer Distinguished Visiting Professor of Law at Yeshiva University, “There’s No Such Thing As Free Speech: And It's a Good Thing Too”, https://books.google.com/books?hl=enandlr=andid=GtdrpVZpTfUCandoi=fndandpg=PR11andots=hRG0qlDGedandsig=7hFHzMjY7hisMGLN2yQjdkKmRvs#v=onepageandqandf=false, pgs. 15 –17, EmmieeM) 16 -The moral is the one I draw in “There’s No Such Thing as Free 17 -AND 18 -infected in its very constitution (here both a noun and a verb). 19 -Progress is futile – the security state has constructed the structure of the law as something that will necessarily provide civil society an enemy to define both its own existence and the expansion of militarism - step away from normativity and become the camouflaging terrorist that is slain by the benevolent state protector 20 -Genova 11 (Nicholas de Genova – Visiting Scholar in the Center for the Study of Race, Politics, and Culture at the University of Chicago and has been a research professor at the University of Amsterdam. He has taught anthropology at Stanford and Columbia and been an international research fellow at the University of Warwick. This book is compiled/edited by Shelley Feldman, Charles Geyser, Gayatri Menon – Shelley Feldman is an International Professor of Development Sociology and the Director of Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality Studies Program at Cornell. Charles Geisler is an International Professor of Development Sociology at Cornell. Gayatri Menon is a Visiting Assistant Professor of Sociology at the Franklin and Marshall College, “Geographies of Justice and Social Transformation: Accumulating Insecurity: Violence and Dispossession in the Making of Everyday Life”, Chapter 2- Fugitive Corporeality, http://puffin.harker.org:2341/lib/harker/reader.action?docID=10457039, Pg. 142-150, EmmieeM) 21 -The demand for a dutiful and docile (and now, patriotic, even heroic 22 -AND 23 -, pre-emptively supplying the justificatory rationale for still more state power. 24 -The queer body is the non-conforming societal terrorist – from the AIDs epidemic to the “destruction of marriage and the family”, the queer is perceived as a threat to both cis-straight bodies and heteronormative society. The only alternative positioning allowed by American biopolitics is that of a market commodity to be exploited. 25 -Puar 7 (Jasbir Puar – associate professor in the Department of Women’s and Gender Studies at Rutgers University who has received countless national awards (Association for Asian American Studies Cultural Studies Book Award, Excellence in Graduate Teaching Award, etc), “Terrorist Assemblages: Homonationalism in Queer Times”, https://static1.squarespace.com/static/54234b64e4b080ee5d54b2f0/t/5424b19ee4b070e9080566cf/1411690910458/jasbir-puar_terrorist-assemblages_preface.pdf, pg. 4 – 10, EmmieeM) 26 -Terrorist Assemblages: Homonationalism in Queer Times is an invitation to deeper exploration of these 27 -AND 28 -always-becoming (continual ontological emergence, a Deleuzian becoming without being). 29 -There can never be any hope of progress within the legal system because it is set up in such a way to erase queerness while simultaneously perpetuating queer violence – things like the trans-panic defense and deliberate sabotage of statistical gathering to down-play incidents of queer violence force the queer to become bare life. 30 -Stanley 11 (Eric Stanley, “Near Life, Queer Death: Overkill and Ontological Capture”, https://queerhistory.files.wordpress.com/2011/06/near-life-queer-death-eric-stanley.pdf, PG. 5 – 15, EmmieeM) 31 -The numbers, degrees, locations, kinds, types, and frequency of attacks 32 -AND 33 -hollow space of ontological capture that life might still be lived, otherwise. 34 -Cruel optimism has tangible psychological effects on queer bodies because it forces them to remain attached to the idea that things can get better and repeatedly suffer the realization that it is impossible 35 -Berlant 8 (Lauren Berlant, “Cruel Optimism: On Marx, Loss and the Sense”, “Optimism and its Objects”, http://www.chineseollie.com/didyouread/Berlant-Cruel-Optimism.pdf, pg. 33, EmmieeM) 36 -When we talk about an object of desire, we are really talking about a 37 -AND 38 -a sudden incapacity to manage startling situations, as we will see below. 39 -We must abandon the political – state-based “support” forms is used to drive homonationalism – the view of the U.S. as benign, which masks militarism and Middle East interventionism 40 -Puar 13 (Jasbir Puar – associate professor in the Department of Women’s and Gender Studies at Rutgers University who has received countless national awards (Association for Asian American Studies Cultural Studies Book Award, Excellence in Graduate Teaching Award, etc), Jindal Global Law Review, “Homonationalism as Assemblage: Viral Travels, Affective Sexualities”, http://www.thing.net/~rdom/ucsd/3somesPlus/Puar.pdf, pg. 24-28, EmmieeM) 41 -In my 2007 monograph, Terrorist Assemblages: Homonationalism in Queer Times (hereinafter TA 42 -AND 43 -the legislation regarding the severe compromises made in order to enable its passage. 44 -Thus my advocacy – queer anarchy - the only viable option is to call for queer anarchy – a radical insurrection that overthrows civil society 45 -Mary Nardini no date (Mary Nardini Gang, “Towards the Queerest Insurrection”, http://www.weldd.org/sites/default/files/Toward20the20Queerest20Insurrection.pdf, EmmieeM) 46 -Susan Stryker writes that the state acts to “regulate bodies, in ways both 47 -AND 48 -The rioting spread throughout the city as others joined in on the fun! 49 -The queer Atlantic is at the nexus of diaspora and power formations – recognizing queer forms of resistance during the Middle Passage and the imposed fluidity upon colonized bodies that gave rise to modern capitalism and imperialism is the best way to analyze other power structures 50 -Tinsley 8 (Omise'eke Natasha Tinsley – Associate Professor of African and African Diaspora Studies at UTexas with a PhD from Cal/Duke University Press, “Black Atlantic, Queer Atlantic: Queer Imaginings of the Middle Passage”, pgs. 191 – 199, Emmiee) 51 -And water, ocean water is the first thing in the unstable confluence of race 52 -AND 53 -diaspora scholarship in ways as surprising as Equiano’s first glimpse of the sea. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,59 +1,0 @@ 1 -1AC 2 -ROB 3 -The political process has changed – instead of trying to engage with society, we have become fixated on symbolic gestures and looking to personal ethics, leading to serial policy failure and the War on Terror. We need to engage with concrete action not ‘me-search’ and radical utopias. Thus the role of the ballot is to vote for the debater that best deconstructs the security state through policy action. 4 -Chandler 7 (David Chandler – Professor of International Relations and the Director of the Centre for the Study of Democracy at the Department of Politics and International Relations at the University of Westminster. He’s also the founding editor of the Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding, “The Attraction of Post-Territorial Politics: Ethics and Activism in the International Sphere (The Inaugural Lecture of Professor David Chandler)”, http://www.davidchandler.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Inaugural-lecture.pdf, pgs. 1-9, EmmieeM) 5 -Introduction. It seems that our engagement with and understanding of politics is increasingly shaped 6 -AND 7 -, critique, and ultimately overcome the practices and subjectivities of our time. 8 -Thus, the plan. Resolved: Public colleges and universities in the United States ought not restrict any constitutionally protected speech. 9 -Downs 4 (Donald Alexander Downs – Professor of Political Science, Law and Journalism at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, and Research Fellow at the Independent Institute, Oakland, California. He has won the Annisfield-Wolf Book Award, the Gladys M. Kammerer Award of the American Political Science Association, and has been in published in journals, encyclopedias, and professional books. “Restoring Free Speech and Liberty on Campus”, pgs. Xx – xxi, http://www.thedivineconspiracy.org/Z5243N.pdf, EmmieeM) 10 -During most of the twentieth century, threats to campus 11 -AND 12 - commitment on campus can help to bring about this retrieval of liberal principles. 13 -Recognition 5:05 14 -Colleges are the newest target of the security state – the perception that universities are uniquely capable of supporting democracy and dissent over the War on Terror and free enterprise drives right-wing extremists to enforce censorship, under the guise of advancing tolerance and rights 15 -Giroux 6 (Henry A. Giroux – one of the founding theorists of critical pedagogy, PhD from Carnegie, was a professor at Boston University and scholar at Miami University. Was the founding Director of the Center for Education and Cultural Studies. Published by John Hopkins University Press, “Academic Freedom Under FIre: The Case for Critical Pedagogy, pgs. 1 – 9, http://muse.jhu.edu/article/203608/pdf, EmmieeM) 16 -Higher education in the United States appears to be caught in a strange contradiction. 17 -AND 18 -the best talent to American universities” (Jonathan Cole 2005b, B7). 19 -The dissenter has become the terrorist to be eradicated – the security state has transformed college censorship into a tool of suppression for radical or brown students under the pretense of enforcing diversity and tolerance for right-wing students. Absent analysis of the War on Terror, liberation becomes impossible because struggles for racial or gender equality becomes coopted to further Islamaphobia and Middle East interventionism. 20 -Chatterjee 14 (Piya Chatterjee – Gender and Woman’s Studies Chair of the Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality Department at Scripps; B.A. from Wellesley in Political Science/Anthropology; M.A. at UChicago in Political Science/Anthropology; PhD at UChicago in Anthropology; numerous awards (professor of the year, bridging theory to practice grant, ford foundation grant, etc); Sunandra Maira – Professor of Asian American studies at UC Davis; Ed.D in Human Development and Psychology from Harvard; “The Imperial University: Race, War, and the Nation-State”, “Academic Contaiment” – entire section, pg. 17 – 25, https://www.csun.edu/cdsc/Imperial20University20Introduction20-20Piya20Chatterjee20and20Sunaina20Maira.pdf, “Academic Containment”, EmmieeM) 21 -State warfare and militarism have shored up deeply powerful notions of patriotism, intertwined with 22 -AND 23 -the mission of higher education and the future of the nation-state. 24 -Any form of free speech restrictions leads to massive overreach and censorship of minority movements – empirically proven 25 -Gey 98 (Steven G. Gey – John W. and Ashley E. Frost Professor of Law, Florida State University College of Law, “Postmodern Censorship Revisited: A Reply to Richard Delgado”, “Professor Delgado and the Problem of Government Overreaching” – partway through, EmmieeM) 26 -Professor Delgado responds to the problem of controlling the application 27 -AND 28 -planned extermination or attempted extermination of a people." 29 -Security thrives on insecurity – the state fabricates dangerous “Others” to justify endless warfare in order to sustain hegemony and the myth of perpetual threats. Any weighing calculus that fails to account for the invisible violence happening in the status quo is epistemologically flawed – only through acknowledging that the War on Terror is fueled by the torture and slaughter of ordinary citizens can we deconstruct securitization. 30 -McClintock 9 (Anne McClintock – B.A in English from University of Cape Town; M.Phil in Linguistics at the University of Cambridge; PhD in English Literature from Columbia; previous Associate Professor of Gender and Cultural Studies at Columbia“Paranoid Empire: Specters From Guantanamo and Abu Ghraib”, pgs. 50-54, http://english110fall2014leroy.qwriting.qc.cuny.edu/files/2014/06/13.1.mcclintock.pdf, EmmieeM) 31 -The question is still open: what is the purpose of Guantanamo 32 -AND 33 -those contradictory sites where imperial racism, sexuality, and gender catastrophically collide.11 34 -Free speech codes shut down campus criticism and replace it with government-approved propaganda – there’s a massive spillover effect because journalism grads lose the ability to pursue controversial pieces and censorship becomes normalized 35 -Sanders 6 (Chris Sanders – University of Arizona Law Review, “Censorship 101: Anti-Hazelwood Laws and the Preservation of Free Speech at Colleges and Universities”, “Say no More: Hazelwood’s Dangers For College Students’ Free Expression” – through the end of “Too Much Freedom: How the Extension of Hazelwood to Universities Could Endanger the Future of the First Amendment”, pgs. 171 – 173, https://www.law.ua.edu/pubs/lrarticles/Volume2058/Issue201/sanders.pdf , EmmieeM) 36 -Post-Hazelwood censorship disputes have not been limited to high schools; a number 37 -AND 38 -” speech is nothing more than a distant memory from an earlier time. 39 -Discourse is a pre-requisite to change – relationships must first be made visible before reformation can occur 40 -Wingenbach 11 (Ed, Notre Dame Government and international studies PhD, “Institutionalizing Agonistic Democracy,” pg 190-198, https://books.google.com/books?id=7-8JrC64UgwCandprintsec=frontcover//LADI) 41 -Third, because Knops ignores the situated source of antagonism and the persistence of hegemony 42 -AND 43 -opened up to greater contestation, generosity, and active re-constitution. 44 -Underview 1:14 45 -Empty critiques and radical upheavals devoid of concrete proposals are incomprehensible, doomed to failure, and drive people towards reigning ideology 46 -Bryant 12 — Levi R. Bryant, Professor of Philosophy at Collin College, holds a Ph.D. in Philosophy from Loyola University in Chicago, 2012 (“Underpants Gnomes: A Critique of the Academic Left,” Larval Subjects—Levi R. Bryant’s philosophy blog, November 11th, Available Online at http://larvalsubjects.wordpress.com/2012/11/11/underpants-gnomes-a-critique-of-the-academic-left/, Accessed 02-21-2014) 47 -I must be in a mood today–half irritated, half amused–because I find myself ranting. 48 -AND 49 -Instead we prefer to shout and denounce. Good luck with that. 50 -Speech codes are turned around on minorities, give racists a cross on which to hang themselves, drives racism underground and makes it worse, and prevents community mobilization – psychological studies and empirics 51 -Strossen 90 (Nadine Strossen – Professor of Law at the New York Law School + J.D. at Harvard Law School + General Counsel to the ACLU who serves on the Executive Committee and National Board of Directors, “Regulating Racist Speech on Campus: A Modest Proposal?”, Duke University School of Law, “Banning Racist Speech Could Aggravate Racism” – whole thing, pg. 555-561, EmmieeM) 52 -For several reasons banning the symptom of racist speech 53 -AND 54 -but ultimately more meaningful, approaches for combating racial discrimination. 55 -The Chaplinsky ruling means that hate speech is not constitutionally protected 56 -Gates 94 (Henry Louis Gates – Alphonse Fletcher University Professor and Director of the Hutchings Center for African and African American Research at Harvard, “Critical Race Theory and the First Amendment”, pgs. 23 – 24, https://books.google.com/books?hl=enandlr=andid=bM4VCgAAQBAJandoi=fndandpg=PP7andots=g0rp1FB1Duandsig=cxc3xfDbJtmTJhLZq9hJ9CgUYG4#v=onepageandqandf=false, EmmieeM) 57 -But the hate speech movement hasn’t been content with exposing the sort 58 -AND 59 -of thought. “The racial invective is experienced as a blow, not a proffered idea,” Lawrence writes. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,70 +1,0 @@ 1 -1AC 2 -Framework 6:00 3 -Traditional education relies on believing that there is such a thing as absolute knowledge or truth, which separates minority students from their culture and identity – viewing graffiti as a legitimate pedagogical tool worthy of discussion allows for formation of alternative spaces that encourage critical thought, are inclusive, and subvert hegemonic ideologies 4 -Franco 13 (Norma Franco – this is her thesis for her M.A. in Chicano/a studies at the Cal State Northridge University, “Humanizing Youth Through a Graffiti Discourse: A Critical Pedagogy Space”, pgs. 3 – 8, http://scholarworks.csun.edu/bitstream/handle/10211.2/3614/Franco-Norma-thesis-2013.pdf?sequence=1, EmmieeM) 5 -According to Friere, traditional systems of power inside public education institutions have been based 6 -AND 7 -youth such as those who attend Youth Justice Coalition in Inglewood, California. 8 -“At risk” youth are constantly de-humanized and branded as deviant – graffiti allows for a space where they can create new forms of knowledge and identities that differ from those forced on them by society and learn critical thinking and social activism. Thus the Role of the Ballot is to vote for the debater that best crafts survival strategies for the marginalized student 9 -Franco 13 (Norma Franco – this is her thesis for her M.A. in Chicano/a studies at the Cal State Northridge University, “Humanizing Youth Through a Graffiti Discourse: A Critical Pedagogy Space”, pgs. 55 – 56, http://scholarworks.csun.edu/bitstream/handle/10211.2/3614/Franco-Norma-thesis-2013.pdf?sequence=1, EmmieeM) 10 -In education, graffiti provides a space for students to link knowledge of their social 11 -AND 12 -it can lead youth to actual deviancy and criminal activity (McLaren 2003). 13 -Analyzing graffiti as a methodology precludes discussions of morality because it’s a process through which we become aware of ourselves and our relation to our environment – refusing to prioritize alternative self-analysis and graffiti as a foundation for epistemology means we default to the dominant narrative 14 -Lovata and Olton 15 (Troy Lovata – Associate Professure of the University of New Mexico Honors College; PhD, Elizabeth Olton – co-editor of the book, “Introduction” “Understanding Graffiti: Multidisciplinary Studies From Prehistory to the Present”, https://books.google.com/books?hl=enandlr=andid=eyF6CgAAQBAJandoi=fndandpg=PR2andots=_kpzJ3Ba7Xandsig=pwyR7q2YmvRurbFO7IZAQKVZ69E#v=onepageandqandf=false, pgs. 15 – 16, EmmieeM) 15 -Graffiti is a genre that invites dialogue. The four sections of this volume that 16 -AND 17 -quest to make sense of – to understand – our world and ourselves. 18 -Graffiti is the best starting point for other discussions because it creates a forum where individuals can traverse their racial or class position and is best analyzed under various perspectives and styles 19 -Rodriguez 15 (Amardo Rodriguez – Professor at Syracus; PhD. From Howard University; received several awards for teaching such as the Meredith Excellence in Teaching Award and the College Faculty Award, “On the Origins of Anonymous Texts that Appear on Walls”, “Understanding Graffiti: Multidisciplinary Studies From Prehistory to the Present”, https://books.google.com/books?id=ralmDAAAQBAJandpg=PA22andlpg=PA22anddq=graffiti+increasing+on+college+campusandsource=blandots=a6Y77s05Zuandsig=ApoLiTUIiNSoPi9KJppMB43u-Zsandhl=enandsa=Xandved=0ahUKEwiHjsaq3_7SAhXqsFQKHflMAa8Q6AEIYzAL#v=onepageandq=graffiti20increasing20on20college20campusandf=false, pgs. 21 – 22, EmmieeM) 20 -Graffiti are a phenomenon driven by the need to express a proscribed opinion, thought 21 -AND 22 -public, as a medium that invites many perspectives and styles of investigation. 23 -Thus I affirm: Public colleges and universities in the United States ought not restrict graffiti 24 -Suliman 14 (Naushaad Suliman – Thesis for Degree of Master of the Arts in Toronto University, “Critical Conceptions of Graffiti in Schools”, https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/67865/1/Suliman_Naushaad_201406_MA_thesis.pdf, pgs. 68 – 71, EmmieeM) 25 -The literature on graffiti indicates that graffiti is often used a means to get messages 26 -AND 27 -voice can be heard and the violence that causes graffiti can be addressed. 28 -Survival Strategies 3:57 29 -Attempts to get rid of the government empirically proven to only result in more predatory groups coming to power – the state is inevitable so it’s try or die for crafting spaces within society where marginalized groups can thrive 30 -Holcombe 5 – Economics Professor, Florida State (Randall, Is Government Inevitable?, http://www.independent.org/pdf/tir/tir_09_4_5_controversy.pdf, AG) 31 -Even if the ideological shift for which Stringham and Leeson are hoping were to happen 32 -AND 33 -people in developed nations now enjoy, will prevent them from embracing anarchy. 34 -Graffiti creates a unique space that functions outside of hegemonic ideology and allows marginalized bodies to access agency and re-define their identities. The criminalization of graffiti is rooted in a desire to suppress people of color from low-income backgrounds – a ban is anti-blackness 35 -Franco 13 (Norma Franco – this is her thesis for her M.A. in Chicano/a studies at the Cal State Northridge University, “Humanizing Youth Through a Graffiti Discourse: A Critical Pedagogy Space”, pgs. 19 – 23, http://scholarworks.csun.edu/bitstream/handle/10211.2/3614/Franco-Norma-thesis-2013.pdf?sequence=1, EmmieeM) 36 -Graffiti according to Vigil has become a common culture for youth because it has arisen 37 -AND 38 -identity; graffiti has developed a safe space to discuss issues of identity. 39 -The criminalization of graffiti becomes internalized by graffiti artists, leading youth to label themselves as “criminals” or “deviants” and prosecution of graffiti artists leads them into gangs and higher levels or crime – challenging the perception of graffiti within educational institutions is especially key 40 -Franco 13 (Norma Franco – this is her thesis for her M.A. in Chicano/a studies at the Cal State Northridge University, “Humanizing Youth Through a Graffiti Discourse: A Critical Pedagogy Space”, pgs. 57 – 60, http://scholarworks.csun.edu/bitstream/handle/10211.2/3614/Franco-Norma-thesis-2013.pdf?sequence=1, EmmieeM) 41 -Negotiating Hegemonic Relationships. Graffiti is defined by mainstream audiences as a criminal act and 42 -AND 43 -economic relations and practices that exploit some and privilege others” (1997). 44 -Graffiti has been empirically proven to be a viable strategy of resistance and government transformation that subverts the dominant paradigm in a way that allows for historical materialism and community mobilization of people of different backgrounds 45 -Bartolomeo 1 (Bradley J. Bartolomeo – B.S. in Psychology/This is their Anthropology Honors Thesis, “Graffiti as a Form of Public and Political Resistance”, “Cement or Canvas: Aerosol Art and The Changing Face of Graffiti in the 21st Century”, https://www.graffiti.org/faq/graffiti-is-part-of-us.html#Graffiti_as_Extreme_Resistance_Anarchism, EmmieeM) 46 -A visually salient, though often artistic and creative manner of resistance, graffiti inherently 47 -AND 48 -is only one type of discourse by which these negative sentiments are expressed. 49 -Even if my methodology is slightly flawed, graffiti provides the best starting point because it offers a voice to the voiceless and allows for larger reflection of society and human behavior while resulting in pragmatic benefits – empirically proven at Brown and Columbia where womyn used bathroom graffiti to out rapists that colleges refused to punish, leading to the creation of new anti-harassment programs 50 -Rodriguez 15 (Amardo Rodriguez – Professor at Syracus; PhD. From Howard University; received several awards for teaching such as the Meredith Excellence in Teaching Award and the College Faculty Award, “On the Origins of Anonymous Texts that Appear on Walls”, “Understanding Graffiti: Multidisciplinary Studies From Prehistory to the Present”, https://books.google.com/books?id=ralmDAAAQBAJandpg=PA22andlpg=PA22anddq=graffiti+increasing+on+college+campusandsource=blandots=a6Y77s05Zuandsig=ApoLiTUIiNSoPi9KJppMB43u-Zsandhl=enandsa=Xandved=0ahUKEwiHjsaq3_7SAhXqsFQKHflMAa8Q6AEIYzAL#v=onepageandq=graffiti20increasing20on20college20campusandf=false, pgs. 24 – 26, EmmieeM) 51 -Scheibel (1994) investigates reflections of group communication and organization modes and posits that 52 -AND 53 -failure of the university to properly and transparently deal with an important matter. 54 -Wow, All of This is Topical! 1:25 55 -Graffiti is protected under the First Amendment – it’s both pure and symbolic speech 56 -Mettler 12 (Margaret L. Mettler – J.D. Candidate at the University of Michigan Law School, “Graffiti Museum: A First Amendment Argument For Protecting Uncommissioned Art on Private Property”, pgs. 260 – 264, http://repository.law.umich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1093andcontext=mlr , EmmieeM) 57 -This Section analyzes how uncommissioned art fits within the purview of "speech" under 58 -AND 59 -of low-value speech that receives limited First Amendment protection. 1 2 60 -Any does not assume all, but rather allows for subsets – prefer because it considers the semantic and pragmatic context and gives a laundry list of Supreme Court decisions 61 -Fintel 11 (Kai von Fintel – Language Log, “Justice Breyer, Professor Austen, and the Meaning of ‘Any’”, http://languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/nll/?p=3248, EmmieeM) 62 -Tap tap. Is this thing on? I guess as a freshly minted 63 -AND 64 -a professional semanticist, I concur with Breyer and dissent from the dissenters. 65 -Reasons to prefer 66 -1 – It’s a linguistic professor citing 8 Supreme Court cases so it’s more semantically correct their T-any interp the Supreme Court decides what words mean relative to the constitution and the fact that they’ve decided this way 8 times means they’re comparatively more sure of this grammatic context than on one they’ve decided on once 67 -2 – Better for ground ~-~- A specific plan pins down the AFF and prevents it from reading generic weighing arguments or shifting out of what is “constitutional, which allows the NEG to clash starting with the 1AC. 68 -3 – PICs Bad – (A) explodes the AFF research burden – I can’t find prep against infinite tiny args like satire, the right to remain silent, or arm-band wearing. This outweighs on fairness because at least under my interp, you can still win rounds (B) Biggest impact to education – kills clash because I won’t be able to generate offense if you coopt 99.9 of the AFF, which leads to every debate becoming PICs good/bad. Also kills topic specific education because the NEG could run the same small PIC every round and never have to discuss or research the AFF. 69 -4 – Underlimiting is worse – (A) Forcing the AFF to only debate one plan leads to stale debates, which don’t benefit either of us. At worst, my interp means there’s a marginal chance that we get additional education or research skills. (B) The limit potential is small – small sections of free speech don’t have an expansive enough college-specific topic lit and cannot generate enough offense to be developed into AFFs – although it’s possible to find 1 mediocre card and run them as PICs. Here’s the case list: newspapers, free speech zones, professors, and big sections of the lit like hate speech – there’s no reason you can’t prep out a handful of AFFs. 70 -Default to reasonability with a brightline of generic DA and turn ground – competing interps leads to race to the bottom, which is comparatively worse because it means we never get any topic specific education while a brightline means we can weigh under it. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,63 +1,0 @@ 1 -Framework 2 -Current discussions of free speech separate queer identity from expression, which results in erasure and exclusion – we need to abstract from the “normal” insofar that queer voices are included as a pre-requisite to discussions of the topic because we can’t have objective evaluations using biased scholarship. Thus the Role of the Ballot is to vote for the debater that provides the best methodology for challenging the oppression of queer bodies. 3 -Yalda 99 (Christine Yalda – Arizona State University/SAGE Publications, “Walking the Straight and Narrow: Performative Sexuality and the First Amendment After Hurley”, http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/096466399900800102, pgs. 33 – 36, EmmieeM) 4 -Although the Hurley Court conflates heterosexual act and identity to constitute the council, it 5 -AND 6 -, i.e. that someone can be both Irish and queer. 7 -The resolution asks us to use colleges as sites of resistance, but the academy is bankrupt – policies like school surveillance and zero tolerance separate students into “deserving” and “undeserving” bodies with the latter corralled into choosing between crime and military. Instead of following the rules and attempting to show that we too are “worthy citizens”, we need to embrace anti-education and alternate scholarship that deconstructs the fundamental obedience to rules that the system valorizes 8 -Cowen and Siciliano 11 (Deborah Cowen and Amy Siciliano – Deborah Cowen is an Assistant Professor at the University of Toronto. Amy Sicilliano is a Postdoctoral Fellow at the City Institute of York University in Toronto, This book is compiled/edited by Shelley Feldman, Charles Geyser, Gayatri Menon – Shelley Feldman is an International Professor of Development Sociology and the Director of Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality Studies Program at Cornell. Charles Geisler is an International Professor of Development Sociology at Cornell. Gayatri Menon is a Visiting Assistant Professor of Sociology at the Franklin and Marshall College, “Geographies of Justice and Social Transformation: Accumulating Insecurity: Violence and Dispossession in the Making of Everyday Life”, “Rights in Suspension”, http://puffin.harker.org:2341/lib/harker/reader.action?docID=10457039andppg=1, pg. 108-119, EmmieeM) 9 -Schools have long been crucial institutions of liberal citizenship for the production of both discipline 10 -AND 11 -are part of the assembling of a broad future of securitized social reproduction. 12 -Queer Anarchy 4:38 13 -‘Free speech’ is not a static concept – what is considered protected under the First Amendment reflects the position of civil society and those in power. The marketplace of ideas is a construct that is set up to give the perception of free discussion while simultaneously excluding “undeserving” voices 14 -Fish 94 (Stanley Fish – American literary theorist, legal scholar, author, and public intellectual; Floersheimer Distinguished Visiting Professor of Law at Yeshiva University, “There’s No Such Thing As Free Speech: And It's a Good Thing Too”, https://books.google.com/books?hl=enandlr=andid=GtdrpVZpTfUCandoi=fndandpg=PR11andots=hRG0qlDGedandsig=7hFHzMjY7hisMGLN2yQjdkKmRvs#v=onepageandqandf=false, pgs. 15 –17, EmmieeM) 15 -The moral is the one I draw in “There’s No Such Thing as Free 16 -AND 17 -infected in its very constitution (here both a noun and a verb). 18 -Progress is futile – the security state has constructed the structure of the law as something that will necessarily provide civil society an enemy to define both its own existence and the expansion of militarism - step away from normativity and become the camouflaging terrorist that is slain by the benevolent state protector 19 -Genova 11 (Nicholas de Genova – Visiting Scholar in the Center for the Study of Race, Politics, and Culture at the University of Chicago and has been a research professor at the University of Amsterdam. He has taught anthropology at Stanford and Columbia and been an international research fellow at the University of Warwick. This book is compiled/edited by Shelley Feldman, Charles Geyser, Gayatri Menon – Shelley Feldman is an International Professor of Development Sociology and the Director of Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality Studies Program at Cornell. Charles Geisler is an International Professor of Development Sociology at Cornell. Gayatri Menon is a Visiting Assistant Professor of Sociology at the Franklin and Marshall College, “Geographies of Justice and Social Transformation: Accumulating Insecurity: Violence and Dispossession in the Making of Everyday Life”, Chapter 2- Fugitive Corporeality, http://puffin.harker.org:2341/lib/harker/reader.action?docID=10457039, Pg. 142-150, EmmieeM) 20 -The demand for a dutiful and docile (and now, patriotic, even heroic 21 -AND 22 -, pre-emptively supplying the justificatory rationale for still more state power. 23 -The queer body is the non-conforming societal terrorist – from the AIDs epidemic to the “destruction of marriage and the family”, the queer is perceived as a threat to both cis-straight bodies and heteronormative society. The only alternative positioning allowed by American biopolitics is that of a market commodity to be exploited. 24 -Puar 7 (Jasbir Puar – associate professor in the Department of Women’s and Gender Studies at Rutgers University who has received countless national awards (Association for Asian American Studies Cultural Studies Book Award, Excellence in Graduate Teaching Award, etc), “Terrorist Assemblages: Homonationalism in Queer Times”, https://static1.squarespace.com/static/54234b64e4b080ee5d54b2f0/t/5424b19ee4b070e9080566cf/1411690910458/jasbir-puar_terrorist-assemblages_preface.pdf, pg. 4 – 10, EmmieeM) 25 -Terrorist Assemblages: Homonationalism in Queer Times is an invitation to deeper exploration of these 26 -AND 27 -always-becoming (continual ontological emergence, a Deleuzian becoming without being). 28 -There can never be any hope of progress within the legal system because it is set up in such a way to erase queerness while simultaneously perpetuating queer violence – things like the trans-panic defense and deliberate sabotage of statistical gathering to down-play incidents of queer violence force the queer to become bare life. 29 -Stanley 11 (Eric Stanley, “Near Life, Queer Death: Overkill and Ontological Capture”, https://queerhistory.files.wordpress.com/2011/06/near-life-queer-death-eric-stanley.pdf, PG. 5 – 15, EmmieeM) 30 -The numbers, degrees, locations, kinds, types, and frequency of attacks 31 -AND 32 -hollow space of ontological capture that life might still be lived, otherwise. 33 -Cruel optimism has tangible psychological effects on queer bodies because it forces them to remain attached to the idea that things can get better and repeatedly suffer the realization that it is impossible 34 -Berlant 8 (Lauren Berlant, “Cruel Optimism: On Marx, Loss and the Sense”, “Optimism and its Objects”, http://www.chineseollie.com/didyouread/Berlant-Cruel-Optimism.pdf, pg. 33, EmmieeM) 35 -When we talk about an object of desire, we are really talking about a 36 -AND 37 -a sudden incapacity to manage startling situations, as we will see below. 38 -We must abandon the political – state-based “support” forms is used to drive homonationalism – the view of the U.S. as benign, which masks militarism and Middle East interventionism 39 -Puar 13 (Jasbir Puar – associate professor in the Department of Women’s and Gender Studies at Rutgers University who has received countless national awards (Association for Asian American Studies Cultural Studies Book Award, Excellence in Graduate Teaching Award, etc), Jindal Global Law Review, “Homonationalism as Assemblage: Viral Travels, Affective Sexualities”, http://www.thing.net/~rdom/ucsd/3somesPlus/Puar.pdf, pg. 24-28, EmmieeM) 40 -In my 2007 monograph, Terrorist Assemblages: Homonationalism in Queer Times (hereinafter TA 41 -AND 42 -the legislation regarding the severe compromises made in order to enable its passage. 43 -Thus my advocacy – queer anarchy - the only viable option is to call for queer anarchy – a radical insurrection that overthrows civil society 44 -Mary Nardini no date (Mary Nardini Gang, “Towards the Queerest Insurrection”, http://www.weldd.org/sites/default/files/Toward20the20Queerest20Insurrection.pdf, EmmieeM) 45 -Susan Stryker writes that the state acts to “regulate bodies, in ways both 46 -AND 47 -The rioting spread throughout the city as others joined in on the fun! 48 -Solvency 1:15 49 -Queer anarchy destroys the LGBTQ rights movement that is predicated on inscribing white gay men into heterosexual norms – marriage “equality”, military service, etc result in pinkwashing, backlash against the most marginalized queers, and obscures the ontological and state-based violence. The AFF tears down those structures and embraces rage as a form of taking back queer liberation 50 -Veneuse 17 (Mohamed Jean Veneuse – citing Dean Spade and Craig Willse; Craig Willse – Assistant Professor of Cultural Studies at GMU; Dean Spade – Associate Professor of Law at the Seattle University School of Law, “On the Delusion of (non)violence and Difference Between Progressive-Liberalism and Radicalism: Between Trump, BLM, DAPL-INM, and Tahrir”, https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/mohamed-jean-veneuse-on-the-delusion-of-non-violence-difference-between-progressive-liberalism, EmmieeM) 51 -“Marriage is a coercive state structure that perpetuates racism and sexism through forced family 52 -AND 53 -we are fighting for revolution. Back to the streets!” (2015) 54 -The only way to resolve racism and the heteropatriarchy is to dismantle humanism – the state constructs a false hope of progress and the future to suppress radical rebellion and justify maintaining the anti-human. What we need is a critical analysis of the inter-relationships between violence, race, sex, and gender to overthrow the state in its entirety – anything less fails to challenge squo notions of what it means to be a human, and makes ontological oppression inevitable 55 -Dillon 13 (Stephen Dillon – Assistant Professor of Queer Studies at the Hampshire College, “’It’s Here, It’s That Time:’ Race, Queer Futurity, and the Temporality of Violence in Born in Flames”, http://cwillse.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/Dillon.BIF.pdf, pgs. 38 – 49, EmmieeM) 56 -Born in Flames is a film about the futures imagined within the no future of 57 -AND 58 -the past have not faded, but, rather, have intensified (Fr 59 - 60 - 61 -eeman 2010, 27). It is to deploy what Jasbir Puar calls an “ 62 -AND 63 -always-moving horizon; rather, it is all we have now. - EntryDate
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