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1		-===Part 1: Framework===
2		-====I value justice.
3		-Structural violence and oppression is based in moral exclusion, which is fundamentally flawed because exclusion is not based on dessert but rather on arbitrarily perceived differences.====
4		-Susan Opotow 01 Susan Opotow is a social and organizational psychologist. Her work examines the intersection of conflict, justice, and identity as they give rise to moral exclusion ~-~- seeing others as outside the scope of justice and as eligible targets of discrimination, exploitation, hate, or violence. She studies moral exclusion and moral inclusion in such everyday contexts as schooling, environmental and public policy conflict, and in more violent contexts, such as deadly wars and the post-war period. She has guest edited The Journal of Social Issues and Social Justice Research and co-edited Identity and the Natural Environment: The Psychological Significance of Nature (MIT Press, 2003). She is associate editor of Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology and Past President of the Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues, “Social Injustice”, Peace, Conflict, and Violence: Peace Psychology for the 21st Centuryl Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 2001, BE
5		-Both structural and direct violence results from moral justifications and rationalizations.
6		-AND
7		-oneself or one’s group at the expense of others (Tajfel, 1982).
8		-====Recognizing moral exclusion and the structural inequality it causes is a prior question to institutional reform====
9		-Laxer ’14 (Michael, Nov 10th, lives in Toronto where he runs a bookstore with his partner Natalie. Michael has a Degree in History from Glendon College of York University. He is a political activist, a two-time former candidate and former election organizer for the NDP, is a socialist candidate for Toronto City Council in 2014, and is on the executive of the Socialist Party of Ontario., “Part of the problem: Talking about systemic oppression”, Feminist Current, http://www.feministcurrent.com/2014/11/10/part-of-the-problem-talking-about-systemic-oppression/~-~-ghs//sk)
10		-Systemic oppressions result in very real violence and human degradation. Systemic misogyny, patriarchy
11		-AND
12		-see how our society and civilization can ever begin to move past it.
13		-====Ideal theory is unattainable and evades issues of reality, failing to solve actual injustice====
14		-Mills ‘09 (Mills, Charles. W, May 22nd 2009, department of philosophy and Northwestern, ”Rawls on Race/Race in Rawls.” The Southern Journal of Philosophy, http://havenscenter.wisc.edu/files/Mills-Rawls20on20Race.pdf~-~-ghs//sk)
15		-Now how can this ideal ideal—a society not merely without a past history
16		-AND
17		-to have been of much help when and if it ever did arrive.
18		-
19		-====Thus, the standard is reducing structural violence.====
20		-===Part 2: The Myth of Nukes===
21		-====The nuclear energy industry survives thanks to an aggressive campaign of misinformation created by governments with entrenched economic and military interests====
22		-Stoett ’03 (Peter, February 2003, main areas of expertise include international relations and law, global environmental politics, and human rights. Prior to joining Concordia University in 1998 taught at the University of British Columbia, Simon Fraser University, the University of Guelph, and the University of Waterloo, written, co-written, and co-edited over ten books and over 50 peer reviewed articles, chapters in edited books, and occasional papers. He has conducted research in Europe (including the Balkans), eastern, southern and western Africa, central America, and Asia. From April to July 2013 he was an Erasmus Fellow and taught at the International Institute for Social Studies at the Hague, Netherlands. From January-June, 2012 he was the Fulbright Visiting Research Chair in Canadian-American Relations at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars’ Canada Institute, in Washington, D.C., He is also a Senior Research Fellow with the Europe-based Earth Systems Governance Project of the International Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change, PhD from Queen’s University, “Toward Renewed Legitimacy? Nuclear Power, Global Warming, and Security”, Global Environmental Politics, Volume 3, Number 1, February 2003, pp. 99-116 (Article), Published by The MIT Press, Project Muse ghs//sk)
23		-Despite the neoliberal agenda’s commitment to “free market” enterprise, we see that
24		-AND
25		-and the survival of a troubled, and highly subsidised, nuclear industry.
26		-====AND–despite its problems nuclear power continues to enjoy heavy state subsidies because governments view nuclear power as critical to security legitimacy====
27		-Stoett ’03 (Peter, February 2003, main areas of expertise include international relations and law, global environmental politics, and human rights. Prior to joining Concordia University in 1998 taught at the University of British Columbia, Simon Fraser University, the University of Guelph, and the University of Waterloo, written, co-written, and co-edited over ten books and over 50 peer reviewed articles, chapters in edited books, and occasional papers. He has conducted research in Europe (including the Balkans), eastern, southern and western Africa, central America, and Asia. From April to July 2013 he was an Erasmus Fellow and taught at the International Institute for Social Studies at the Hague, Netherlands. From January-June, 2012 he was the Fulbright Visiting Research Chair in Canadian-American Relations at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars’ Canada Institute, in Washington, D.C., He is also a Senior Research Fellow with the Europe-based Earth Systems Governance Project of the International Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change, PhD from Queen’s University, “Toward Renewed Legitimacy? Nuclear Power, Global Warming, and Security”, Global Environmental Politics, Volume 3, Number 1, February 2003, pp. 99-116 (Article), Published by The MIT Press, Project Muse ghs//sk)
28		-In the United States and elsewhere, periodic renewals in the hopes for nu-
29		-AND
30		-is intended largely to provide the necessary background for such a research project.
31		-====AND– the state is obsessed with nuclear power because of the military industrial complex– means that renewables always get overlooked for more costly nuclear alternative====
32		-Shrader- Frechette ’08 (Kristin, June 23rd, O'Neill Family Professor, Department of Biological Sciences and Department of Philosophy, at the University of Notre Dame. She has previously held senior professorships at the University of California and the University of Florida. Most of Shrader-Frechette's research work analyzes the ethical problems in risk assessment, public health, or environmental justice - especially those related to radiological, ecological, and energy-related risks.1 Shrader-Frechette has received the Global Citizenship Award, and the Catholic Digest named her one of 12 "Heroes for the US and the World", published more than 380 articles and 16 books/monographs, “Five Myths About Nuclear Energy”, America Magazine, http://americamagazine.org/issue/660/article/five-myths-about-nuclear-energy~-~-ghs//sk)
33		-If atomic energy is really so risky and expensive, why did the United States
34		-AND
35		-virtually all of its support to a riskier, more costly nuclear alternative?
36		-====A couple of impacts:
37		-The nuclear industry profits from and re-entrenches environmental racism- need to shift to renewables now====
38		-Chen ’11 (Michelle, March 23rd, Colorlines' Global Justice columnist. She is a regular contributor on labor issues at In These Times, as well as a member of the magazine's Board of Editors. Michelle's reporting has appeared in Ms. Magazine, AirAmerica, Alternet, Newsday, the Progressive Media Project, and her old zine, cain. Prior to joining Colorlines, she wrote for the independent news collective The NewStandard, “The Radioactive Racism Behind Nuclear Energy”, Colorlines, http://www.colorlines.com/articles/radioactive-racism-behind-nuclear-energy~-~-ghs//sk)
39		-When the apocalyptic cloud erupted over Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the world woke up to
40		-AND
41		-temptations of nuclear power may continue to eclipse fears of its global consequences.
42		-====Nuclear plants exploit poor migrant labor and deem workers expendable – colonialism manifests itself through governments taking land from local farmers and maintaining closed contracts that doom vulnerable populations====
43		-Biswas 14, Shampa Biswas Paul Garrett Professor of Political Science at Whitman College, Ph.D., Political Science, University of Minnesota, 1999, M.A., International Relations, Maxwell School of Citizenship, Syracuse University, 1990, M.A., Economics, Dehli School of Economics, University of Dehli, 1988, “Nuclear Desire: Power and the Postcolonial Nuclear Order,” Chapter: Costly Weapons: The Political Economy of Nuclear Power, University of Minnesota Press, 2014, ghs//BZ
44		-It should not surprise us, then, as we are learning with the nuclear
45		-AND
46		-conditions of their making lays bare the severe e ects of nuclear nonuse.
47		-
48		-====Renewable energy is better and will fill in, nuke power grows too slowly and distracts from this development====
49		-Parenti ’12 (Christian, April 4th, Christian Parenti is the author of "The Freedom: Shadows and Hallucinations in Occupied Iraq" (New Press) and a visiting fellow at CUNY's Center for Place, Culture and Politics., “Why Nuclear Power Is Not the Answer to Global Warming”, AlterNet, http://www.alternet.org/story/154854/why_nuclear_power_is_not_the_answer_to_global_warming?page=2~-~-ghs//sk)
50		-An authoritative study by the investment bank Lazard Ltd. found that wind beat nuclear
51		-AND
52		-Atomic power is the fuel of the future”—and always will be.
53		-====AND- err on the side of aff evidence on warming–the nuclear industry and by extension the government fabricate studies to bury the disads of nuclear power====
54		-Shrader- Frechette ’13 (*brackets in original text, Kristin, Spring 2013 , O'Neill Family Professor, Department of Biological Sciences and Department of Philosophy, at the University of Notre Dame. She has previously held senior professorships at the University of California and the University of Florida. Most of Shrader-Frechette's research work analyzes the ethical problems in risk assessment, public health, or environmental justice - especially those related to radiological, ecological, and energy-related risks.1 Shrader-Frechette has received the Global Citizenship Award, and the Catholic Digest named her one of 12 "Heroes for the US and the World", published more than 380 articles and 16 books/monographs, “Answering Scientific Attacks on Ethical Imperatives”, Ethics and the Environment, Volume 18, Number 1, Spring 2013, pg 1-17, Published by Indiana University Press, Project Muse ghs//sk)
55		-Why have so many nations begun and used fission if it is such an expensive
56		-AND
57		-like the United States, continue to subsidize nuclear power more than renewables?
58		-====Warming causes racism, sexism, and oppression.====
59		-David Naguib Pellow 12, Ph.D. Professor, Don Martindale Endowed Chair – University of Minnesota, “Climate Disruption in the Global South and in African American Communities: Key Issues, Frameworks, and Possibilities for Climate Justice,” February 2012, http://www.jointcenter.org/sites/default/files/upload/research/files/White_Paper_Climate_Disruption_final.pdf
60		-It is now known unequivocally that significant warming of the atmosphere is occurring, coinciding
61		-AND
62		-must reduce our emissions and consumption here at home in the global North.
63		-====Thus the plan: The United States federal government ought to prohibit the production of nuclear power.====
64		-===Part 3: Solvency===
65		-Shutdown of nuclear power creates a shift to renewables–they’re cheaper EVEN GIVEN SUBSIDES, more efficient, and don’t have intermittency problems
66		-Shrader- Frechette ’13 (*brackets in original text, Kristin, Spring 2013 , O'Neill Family Professor, Department of Biological Sciences and Department of Philosophy, at the University of Notre Dame. She has previously held senior professorships at the University of California and the University of Florida. Most of Shrader-Frechette's research work analyzes the ethical problems in risk assessment, public health, or environmental justice - especially those related to radiological, ecological, and energy-related risks.1 Shrader-Frechette has received the Global Citizenship Award, and the Catholic Digest named her one of 12 "Heroes for the US and the World", published more than 380 articles and 16 books/monographs, “Answering Scientific Attacks on Ethical Imperatives”, Ethics and the Environment, Volume 18, Number 1, Spring 2013, pg 1-17, Published by Indiana University Press, Project Muse ghs//sk)
67		-Nuclear proponents like Forsberg (2011), however, disagree. They say that because
68		-AND
69		-intermittency is not a roadblock to the ethical imperative to use renewable energy.
70		-
71		-====AND–renewables comparatively solve warming better–my evidence is golden–independent, objective university and NGO studies that are peer-reviewed and NOT FUNDED BY NUCLEAR INDUSTRY conclude nuke power produces more emissions than renewables====
72		-AND PREFER MY EVIDENCE–MAJOR NUCLEAR EMISSIONS ASSESSMENTS TRIM THE DATA TO ONLY COUNT CARBON EMISSIONS FROM ONE STAGE OF FOURTEEN STAGES
73		-Shrader- Frechette ’13 (Kristin, Spring 2013 , O'Neill Family Professor, Department of Biological Sciences and Department of Philosophy, at the University of Notre Dame. She has previously held senior professorships at the University of California and the University of Florida. Most of Shrader-Frechette's research work analyzes the ethical problems in risk assessment, public health, or environmental justice - especially those related to radiological, ecological, and energy-related risks.1 Shrader-Frechette has received the Global Citizenship Award, and the Catholic Digest named her one of 12 "Heroes for the US and the World", published more than 380 articles and 16 books/monographs, “Answering Scientific Attacks on Ethical Imperatives”, Ethics and the Environment, Volume 18, Number 1, Spring 2013, pg 1-17, Published by Indiana University Press, Project Muse ghs//sk)
74		-Why do many people mistakenly believe fission is a low-carbon technology? Of
75		-AND
76		-in favor of atomic energy over renewables like wind and solar-PV.

EntryDate

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1		-2016-09-11 18:55:18.0

Judge

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1		-Chris Vincent

Opponent

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1		-LC Anderson JT

ParentRound

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1		-1

Round

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1		-5

Team

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1		-Greenhill Krishnan Aff

Title

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1		-SEPOCT- Environmental Racism 1AC V2

Tournament

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1		-Grapevine