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1 +===Part 1: Framework===
2 +====I value morality.
3 +Policymakers use util====
4 +Robert Goodin 90, professor of philosophy at the Australian National University college of arts and social sciences, “The Utilitarian Response,” pgs 141-142—ghs//sk)
5 +My larger argument turns on the proposition that there is something special about the situation
6 +AND
7 +want to use it at all – to choose general rules or conduct.
8 +
9 +====Utilitarianism is the only way to access morality. Sacrifice in the name of preserving rights destroys any hope of future generations attaining other values. ====
10 +Nye ‘86 (Joseph S. 1986; Phd Political Science Harvard. University; Served as Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs; “Nuclear Ethics” pg. 45-47)
11 +Is there any end that could justify a nuclear war that threatens the survival of
12 +AND
13 +of that risk is a justifiable topic of both prudential and moral reasoning.
14 +====Utilitarianism inevitable even in deontological frameworks====
15 +Green ’02 (Assistant Professor Department of Psychology Harvard University, Joshua, November 2002 "The Terrible, Horrible, No Good, Very Bad Truth About Morality And What To Do About It", 314—)
16 +Some people who talk of balancing rights may think there is an algorithm for deciding
17 +AND
18 +represents is either dogmatic in an esoteric sort of way or covertly consequentialist.
19 +====AND–no act omission distinction for state actors–if governments refuse to protect people by not enforcing regulations then that’s an active choice¬====
20 +Sunstein and Vermuele ’05 (Cass and Adrian, March, Sunstein: American legal scholar, particularly in the fields of constitutional law, administrative law, environmental law, and law and behavioral economics, who was the Administrator of the White House Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs in the Obama administration from 2009 to 2012.2 For 27 years, Sunstein taught at the University of Chicago Law School.3 Sunstein is the Robert Walmsley University Professor4 at Harvard Law School, Vermuele: American legal scholar , Graduate of Harvard College and Law school, professor of law at Harvard Law School in 2006, was named John H. Watson Professor of Law in 2008, and was named Ralph S. Tyler Professor of Constitutional Law in 2016. He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, “Is Capital Punishment Morally Required? The Relevance of Life‐Life Tradeoffs”, THE LAW SCHOOL, THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO, JOHN M. OLIN LAW and ECONOMICS WORKING PAPER NO. 239, http://www.law.uchicago.edu/files/files/239.crs-av.capital-punishment.pdf~-~-ghs//sk)
21 +In our view, both the argument from causation and the argument from intention go
22 +AND
23 +; it is the allocation to factory A of property right to pollute.
24 +
25 +====–and even if there is an act omission distinction, continuing to support nuclear weapons programs is a state action so you should can still evaluate all aff impacts as rights violations
26 +Thus the standard is maximizing wellbeing.====
27 +===Part 2: The Myth of Nukes===
28 +====The nuclear energy industry survives thanks to an aggressive campaign of misinformation created by governments with entrenched economic and military interests====
29 +Stoett ’03 (Peter, February 2003, main areas of expertise include international relations and law, global environmental politics, and human rights. Prior to joining Concordia University in 1998 taught at the University of British Columbia, Simon Fraser University, the University of Guelph, and the University of Waterloo, written, co-written, and co-edited over ten books and over 50 peer reviewed articles, chapters in edited books, and occasional papers. He has conducted research in Europe (including the Balkans), eastern, southern and western Africa, central America, and Asia. From April to July 2013 he was an Erasmus Fellow and taught at the International Institute for Social Studies at the Hague, Netherlands. From January-June, 2012 he was the Fulbright Visiting Research Chair in Canadian-American Relations at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars’ Canada Institute, in Washington, D.C., He is also a Senior Research Fellow with the Europe-based Earth Systems Governance Project of the International Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change, PhD from Queen’s University, “Toward Renewed Legitimacy? Nuclear Power, Global Warming, and Security”, Global Environmental Politics, Volume 3, Number 1, February 2003, pp. 99-116 (Article), Published by The MIT Press, Project Muse ghs//sk)
30 +Despite the neoliberal agenda’s commitment to “free market” enterprise, we see that
31 +AND
32 +and the survival of a troubled, and highly subsidised, nuclear industry.
33 +====AND–despite its problems nuclear power continues to enjoy heavy state subsidies because governments view nuclear power as critical to security legitimacy====
34 +Stoett ’03 (Peter, February 2003, main areas of expertise include international relations and law, global environmental politics, and human rights. Prior to joining Concordia University in 1998 taught at the University of British Columbia, Simon Fraser University, the University of Guelph, and the University of Waterloo, written, co-written, and co-edited over ten books and over 50 peer reviewed articles, chapters in edited books, and occasional papers. He has conducted research in Europe (including the Balkans), eastern, southern and western Africa, central America, and Asia. From April to July 2013 he was an Erasmus Fellow and taught at the International Institute for Social Studies at the Hague, Netherlands. From January-June, 2012 he was the Fulbright Visiting Research Chair in Canadian-American Relations at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars’ Canada Institute, in Washington, D.C., He is also a Senior Research Fellow with the Europe-based Earth Systems Governance Project of the International Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change, PhD from Queen’s University, “Toward Renewed Legitimacy? Nuclear Power, Global Warming, and Security”, Global Environmental Politics, Volume 3, Number 1, February 2003, pp. 99-116 (Article), Published by The MIT Press, Project Muse ghs//sk)
35 +In the United States and elsewhere, periodic renewals in the hopes for nu-
36 +AND
37 +is intended largely to provide the necessary background for such a research project.
38 +====AND– the state is obsessed with nuclear power because of the military industrial complex– means that renewables always get overlooked for more costly nuclear alternative====
39 +Shrader- Frechette ’08 (Kristin, June 23rd, O'Neill Family Professor, Department of Biological Sciences and Department of Philosophy, at the University of Notre Dame. She has previously held senior professorships at the University of California and the University of Florida. Most of Shrader-Frechette's research work analyzes the ethical problems in risk assessment, public health, or environmental justice - especially those related to radiological, ecological, and energy-related risks.1 Shrader-Frechette has received the Global Citizenship Award, and the Catholic Digest named her one of 12 "Heroes for the US and the World", published more than 380 articles and 16 books/monographs, “Five Myths About Nuclear Energy”, America Magazine, http://americamagazine.org/issue/660/article/five-myths-about-nuclear-energy~-~-ghs//sk)
40 +If atomic energy is really so risky and expensive, why did the United States
41 +AND
42 +virtually all of its support to a riskier, more costly nuclear alternative?
43 +====A couple of impacts:
44 +A) the nuclear industry profits from and re-entrenches environmental racism- need to shift to renewables now====
45 +Chen ’11 (Michelle, March 23rd, Colorlines' Global Justice columnist. She is a regular contributor on labor issues at In These Times, as well as a member of the magazine's Board of Editors. Michelle's reporting has appeared in Ms. Magazine, AirAmerica, Alternet, Newsday, the Progressive Media Project, and her old zine, cain. Prior to joining Colorlines, she wrote for the independent news collective The NewStandard, “The Radioactive Racism Behind Nuclear Energy”, Colorlines, http://www.colorlines.com/articles/radioactive-racism-behind-nuclear-energy~-~-ghs//sk)
46 +When the apocalyptic cloud erupted over Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the world woke up to
47 +AND
48 +temptations of nuclear power may continue to eclipse fears of its global consequences.
49 +====B) Nuclear accidents are likely====
50 +David Lochbaum 16 Nuclear Safety Engineer; Staff on the Union of Concerned Scientists; Directs the Union of Concerned Scientists' Nuclear Safety Project; Monitors safety issues at US nuclear power plants; has worked in nuclear power plants for 17 years, "Nuclear Power in the Future: Risks of a Lifetime," Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, February 24, 2016, GU//MM
51 +The chance of one reactor experiencing a meltdown among a fleet of 100 reactors operating
52 +AND
53 +over time, but also because refurbishment and replacement sometimes have unanticipated consequences.
54 +
55 +C) ====Renewable energy is better and will fill in, nuke power grows too slowly and distracts from this development====
56 +Parenti ’12 (Christian, April 4th, Christian Parenti is the author of "The Freedom: Shadows and Hallucinations in Occupied Iraq" (New Press) and a visiting fellow at CUNY's Center for Place, Culture and Politics., “Why Nuclear Power Is Not the Answer to Global Warming”, AlterNet, http://www.alternet.org/story/154854/why_nuclear_power_is_not_the_answer_to_global_warming?page=2~-~-ghs//sk)
57 +An authoritative study by the investment bank Lazard Ltd. found that wind beat nuclear
58 +AND
59 +Atomic power is the fuel of the future”—and always will be.
60 +====AND–err on the side of aff evidence on warming–the nuclear industry and by extension the government fabricate studies to bury the disads of nuclear power====
61 +Shrader- Frechette ’13 (*brackets in original text, Kristin, Spring 2013 , O'Neill Family Professor, Department of Biological Sciences and Department of Philosophy, at the University of Notre Dame. She has previously held senior professorships at the University of California and the University of Florida. Most of Shrader-Frechette's research work analyzes the ethical problems in risk assessment, public health, or environmental justice - especially those related to radiological, ecological, and energy-related risks.1 Shrader-Frechette has received the Global Citizenship Award, and the Catholic Digest named her one of 12 "Heroes for the US and the World", published more than 380 articles and 16 books/monographs, “Answering Scientific Attacks on Ethical Imperatives”, Ethics and the Environment, Volume 18, Number 1, Spring 2013, pg 1-17, Published by Indiana University Press, Project Muse ghs//sk)
62 +Why have so many nations begun and used fission if it is such an expensive
63 +AND
64 +like the United States, continue to subsidize nuclear power more than renewables?
65 +====Warming is a global catastrophe- causes extreme damage to ecosystems, world hunger, water shortages, and disease====
66 +Shrader- Frechette ’11 (Kristin, Jun 1st, O'Neill Family Professor, Department of Biological Sciences and Department of Philosophy, at the University of Notre Dame. She has previously held senior professorships at the University of California and the University of Florida. Most of Shrader-Frechette's research work analyzes the ethical problems in risk assessment, public health, or environmental justice - especially those related to radiological, ecological, and energy-related risks.1 Shrader-Frechette has received the Global Citizenship Award, and the Catholic Digest named her one of 12 "Heroes for the US and the World", published more than 380 articles and 16 books/monographs, “What Will Work: Fighting Climate Change with Renewable Energy, Not Nuclear Power”, Oxford University Press, https://books.google.com/books?id=bbZoAgAAQBAJanddq=shrader-frechette+nuclearandlr=andsource=gbs_navlinks_s~-~-ghs//sk)
67 +Energy problem (4), CC, presents a possible global catastrophe because GHG emissions
68 +AND
69 +that are consistent with the 2009 US National Academy of Sciences’ report. 31
70 +====Thus the plan: The United States federal government ought to prohibit the production of nuclear power.====
71 +===Part 3: Solvency===
72 +====Shutdown of nuclear power creates a shift to renewables–they’re cheaper EVEN GIVEN SUBSIDES, more efficient, and don’t have intermittency problems====
73 +Shrader- Frechette ’13 (*brackets in original text, Kristin, Spring 2013 , O'Neill Family Professor, Department of Biological Sciences and Department of Philosophy, at the University of Notre Dame. She has previously held senior professorships at the University of California and the University of Florida. Most of Shrader-Frechette's research work analyzes the ethical problems in risk assessment, public health, or environmental justice - especially those related to radiological, ecological, and energy-related risks.1 Shrader-Frechette has received the Global Citizenship Award, and the Catholic Digest named her one of 12 "Heroes for the US and the World", published more than 380 articles and 16 books/monographs, “Answering Scientific Attacks on Ethical Imperatives”, Ethics and the Environment, Volume 18, Number 1, Spring 2013, pg 1-17, Published by Indiana University Press, Project Muse ghs//sk)
74 +Nuclear proponents like Forsberg (2011), however, disagree. They say that because
75 +AND
76 +intermittency is not a roadblock to the ethical imperative to use renewable energy.
77 +
78 +====AND–renewables comparatively solve warming better–my evidence is golden–independent, objective university and NGO studies that are peer-reviewed and NOT FUNDED BY NUCLEAR INDUSTRY conclude nuke power produces more emissions than renewables====
79 +AND PREFER MY EVIDENCE–MAJOR NUCLEAR EMISSIONS ASSESSMENTS TRIM THE DATA TO ONLY COUNT CARBON EMISSIONS FROM ONE STAGE OF FOURTEEN STAGES
80 +Shrader- Frechette ’13 (Kristin, Spring 2013 , O'Neill Family Professor, Department of Biological Sciences and Department of Philosophy, at the University of Notre Dame. She has previously held senior professorships at the University of California and the University of Florida. Most of Shrader-Frechette's research work analyzes the ethical problems in risk assessment, public health, or environmental justice - especially those related to radiological, ecological, and energy-related risks.1 Shrader-Frechette has received the Global Citizenship Award, and the Catholic Digest named her one of 12 "Heroes for the US and the World", published more than 380 articles and 16 books/monographs, “Answering Scientific Attacks on Ethical Imperatives”, Ethics and the Environment, Volume 18, Number 1, Spring 2013, pg 1-17, Published by Indiana University Press, Project Muse ghs//sk)
81 +Why do many people mistakenly believe fission is a low-carbon technology? Of
82 +AND
83 +in favor of atomic energy over renewables like wind and solar-PV.
EntryDate
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1 +2016-09-27 23:46:12.885
Judge
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1 +Hank Stolte
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1 +Colleyville Heritage AS
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1 +2
Round
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1 +1
Team
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1 +Greenhill Krishnan Aff
Title
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1 +SEPOCT - Environmental Racism 1AC
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1 +Grapevine

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