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+====Counter-publics exist in the status quo on college campuses – the aff sanctions hate speech in such spaces that allow for undercommons discourse ==== |
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+Counterpublic.com 12 ~~~~, "Examples of Counterpublics in Higher Education," Qualitative Counterpublics in Higher Education, 10-25-2012, https://counterpublic.wordpress.com/2012/10/25/examples-of-counterpublics-in-higher-education/, ghs//BZ |
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+In our last blogpost we explored the term "subaltern counterpublic." Next we turn |
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+AND |
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+group as such, depending on one's placement and positionality within the academy). |
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+ |
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+====The white nationalists exploit free speech to build their platform – empirically proven==== |
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+Shane Burley 16 ~~~~, "How the Alt Right is trying to create a 'safe space' for racism on college campuses," Waging Nonviolence, 10-6-2016, http://wagingnonviolence.org/feature/alt-right-safe-space-racism-college-campuses/, ghs//BZ |
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+A murmur began in May around Berkeley and the surrounding Bay Area as posters appeared |
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+AND |
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+their radicalism publicly, and argue for their own space in public discourse. |
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+ |
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+====PIC avoids white cooption of discourse–dominant codes of speech are used in the academy which excludes minority from the conversation even if there is free speech –we need a safe space for subaltern voices ==== |
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+White and Lowenthal 11, John W. White ~~Professor of English Education, University of North Florida~~ and Patrick R.Lowenthal ~~Associate Professor Department of Educational Technology Boise State University Boise~~ "Academic Discourse and Formation of an Academic Identity: Minority College students and the Hidden Curriculum", The Review of Higher Education, Volume 34, Number 2, Winter 2011. RFK |
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+Not only do students face new and tougher academic demands at the college level, |
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+AND |
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+in cultural values (Corson, 2001; Ogbu, 1987, 2004). |
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+ |
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+====Impact – racial battle fatigue and transgenrational, physical violence==== |
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+**Collins '15 (Sam PK, Jun 19th, Grassroots Journalist and Educator , "Black people aren't making things up: The science behind 'racial battle fatigue'", https://thinkprogress.org/black-people-arent-making-things-up-the-science-behind-racial-battle-fatigue-9726fcebc938~~#.tez62bnl8—ghs//sk)** |
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+In the early 2000s, University of Utah researcher William A. Smith coined the |
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+AND |
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+confines of the office, crippling a black person's marriage and social life. |