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... ... @@ -1,70 +1,0 @@ 1 -I negate the resolution Resolved: Public colleges and universities in the United States ought not restrict any constitutionally protected speech. 2 -Hate speech is protected on Public campuses, as there is virtually no restriction on detrimental speech towards others 3 -**McGough**, Michael. "Sorry, Kids, The 1St Amendment Does Protect 'Hate Speech'". latimes.com. N. p., **2015**. Web. 30 Dec. 2016. 4 -When the editor-in-chief of the student newspaper at Williams College recanted 5 -AND 6 -policies on speech have nothing to do with "legally recognized hate speech.") 7 -Value morality 8 -Standard minimizing structural violence 9 -Prefer for 2 additional reasons: 10 - 11 -1. Before evaluating other theories, we must understand structural violence and oppression in order to include everyone in any ethical theory. 12 -Winter and Leighton 99 ~|Deborah DuNann Winter and Dana C. Leighton. Winter~|~~Psychologist that specializes in Social Psych, Counseling Psych, Historical and Contemporary Issues, Peace Psychology. Leighton: PhD graduate student in the Psychology Department at the University of Arkansas. Knowledgable in the fields of social psychology, peace psychology, and ustice and intergroup responses to transgressions of justice~~ "Peace, conflict, and violence: Peace psychology in the 21st century." Pg 4-5 ghs//VA 13 -Finally, to recognize the operation of structural violence forces us to ask questions about 14 -AND 15 -local cultures, will be our most surefooted path to building lasting peace. 16 - 17 -2. Structural violence is based in moral exclusion, which is fundamentally flawed because exclusion is not based on dessert but rather on arbitrarily perceived differences. 18 -Susan Opotow 01 ~~Susan Opotow is a social and organizational psychologist. Her work examines the intersection of conflict, justice, and identity as they give rise to moral exclusion — seeing others as outside the scope of justice and as eligible targets of discrimination, exploitation, hate, or violence. Sh e studies moral exclusion and moral inclusion in such everyday contexts as schooling, environmental and public policy conflict, and in more violent contexts, such as deadly wars and the post-war period. She has guest edited The Journal of Social Issues and Social Justice Research and co-edited Identity and the Natural Environment: The Psychological Significance of Nature (MIT Press, 2003). She is associate editor of Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology and Past President of the Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues~~, "Social Injustice", Peace, Conflict, and Violence: Peace Psychology for the 21st Centuryl Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 2001, BE 19 -Both structural and direct violence result~~s~~ from moral justifications and rationalizations. 20 -AND 21 -oneself or one's group at the expense of others (Tajfel, 1982). 22 - 23 - 24 -CP 25 - 26 - 27 -Text: The United States ought to establish that hate speech is harmful to its targets and subsequently ban it from public colleges and Universities 28 - 29 - 30 -Banning Hate Speech only makes sense in context of how it affects others in society. 31 -**Simpson**, Robert. "Dignity, Harm, And Hate Speech." Law and Philosophy. November 01, 2013. Web. December 05, **2016**. 32 -So far as this is our situation, I believe the way forward is to 33 -AND 34 -into view until we establish that hate speech is harmful to its targets. 35 - 36 - 37 -US is behind other countries on limiting hate speech. International contracts also support it. 38 -**McConnell**, Michael. "You Cant Say That." New York Times. June 22, 2012. Web. December 05, 2016. 39 -The United States is almost alone among Western liberal democracies in not punishing what is 40 -AND 41 -That case would almost certainly have come out differently in other liberal democracies. 42 - 43 -Hate speech and actions are rampant on college campuses, anti semetic and title IX issues show. 44 -**COTJ **. "FIRST AMENDMENT PROTECTIONS ON PUBLIC COLLEGE AND UNIVERSITY CAMPUSES." Serial No. 114–31. June 02, 2014. Web. December 07, 2016. 45 -According to the National Demographic Survey of American Jewish College Students conducted by researchers at 46 -AND 47 -reporting such discrimination at the least diverse schools. Great support for public education 48 - 49 - 50 -Mutually exclusive: the Aff is bound by the resolution to not restrict free speech, thus they can't perm into an advocacy that bans a particular speech. 51 - 52 -Net Benefits: 53 - 54 - 55 -Banning hate speech will lead to less tensions between racial groups 56 -Dennis **Chong**, ~~Northwestern University, Department of Political Science~~, "Free Speech and Multiculturalism in and out of the Academy," Political Psychology, Vol. 27, **2006**. 57 -The decline in tolerance of racist expression corresponds to the diffusion of multicultural ideas among 58 -AND 59 -1980s, when campuses across the country took measures to regulate hate speech. 60 - 61 -The hate speech ban on college campuses will maximize educational equality. Racist free speech denies equality of education for students of color. Jill Gordon ~~Professor of Philosophy, Colby College~~, and Markus Johnson ~~Colby College~~, "Race, Speech, and a Hostile Education Environment: What Color is Free Speech?" Journal of Social Philosophy, Vol. 34, No. 3, Fall 2003. 62 -The grievousness of being denied equality of education is magnified by the fact that courts 63 -AND 64 -, namely, the proscription of such harassment, not the toleration thereof. 65 - 66 -Speech codes are successful and protect diversity and education. 67 -Richard **Delgado** ~~Charles Inglis Thomson Professor of Law, University of Colorado~~ and David Yun ~~JD, University of Colorado~~, "The Neo-conservative Case Against HateSpeech Regulation- Lively, D'souza, Gates, Carter, and the Toughlove Crowd," 68 -Moreover, success is more possible than the toughlove crowd would like to acknowledge. 69 -AND 70 -The same may well continue to happen with the hate-speech movement. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,92 +1,0 @@ 1 -==Links == 2 - 3 - 4 -====Colleges have been historically rooted in white supremacy==== 5 -Harris, Leslie 2015. "The Long, Ugly History Of Racism At American Universities". New Republic. N. p.,. Web. 10 Jan. 2017. 6 -In fact, colleges and universities historically have supported hierarchies of race and other forms 7 -AND 8 -, were supporters of slavery, and some were wealthy slave owners themselves. 9 - 10 - 11 -====White supremacy is deeply entrenched in the constitution inhibiting the achievement of equality for minorities==== 12 -Marissa Jackson, 2009, Article: Neo-Colonialism, Same Old Racism: A Critical Analysis of the United States' Shift toward Colorblindness as a Tool for the Protection of the American Colonial Empire and White Supremacy, 11 Berkeley J. Afr.-Am. L. and Pol'y 156, 174-175 13 -Marshall's statements reflect a belief in the potential of American democracy to evolve. Colonialism 14 -AND 15 -is now hiding the nation's worst traits behind the shield of colorblindness. 16 - 17 - 18 - 19 -====When the arbitrary state, historically the oppressor, controls the legal means, the law is a direct source of oppression-==== 20 -ARTICLE: lessons From Malcolm X: Freedom by Any Means Necessary, 38 How. L.J. 79, 91-93 21 - 22 -When the oppressor controls the legal means, law is a direct source of oppression. A legal system may formally embrace princi- ~~*92~~ ples of justice such as the equal protection of laws, due process, and fundamental civil rights and liberties, yet these formal notions of justice, do not assure that oppression against disfavored groups will cease to exist. If legal means remain in the oppressor's hands, particularly one with a historical record for perpetuating oppression, the formal legal system may not tell the whole story of oppression. Hence, in every situation, the critical question will be: who controls the legal means? This simple question may unravel the secrets of oppression. 23 -Most systems of government have three branches all of which are involved in the law 24 -AND 25 -the economic, social, and political means of oppression can be easily harnessed 26 - 27 - 28 -====Free speech is only a right for the privileged and is a tool to silence the oppressed. The aff only perpetuates this standard. ==== 29 -Vidani, Peter. "ABRIDGING THE FREEDOM OF SPEECH". The New Society. FEBRUARY 3, 2016. Web. 22 Jan. 2017. 30 -We, as a society, have a collective obligation to protect one another from 31 -AND 32 -our obligation to tear down the structures that allow harm to be perpetuated. 33 - 34 - 35 -==The impacts== 36 - 37 - 38 -====Unrestricted speech results in Silencing of minorities in the classroom==== 39 -Margaret E. Montoya, Professor of Law, University of New Mexico School of Law, A.B. 1972, San Diego State University; J.D. 1978 Harvard Law School., 2009, ARTICLE:SILENCE AND SILENCING: THEIR CENTRIPETAL AND CENTRIFUGAL FORCES IN LEGAL COMMUNICATION, PEDAGOGY AND DISCOURSE, 33 U. Mich. J.L. Reform 263, 299-300 40 -Freire argued that schools supported the status quo by ignoring racism, sexism, the 41 -AND 42 --censoring, resulting in centripetal, or power-centering, effects. 43 - 44 - 45 -====By protecting speech, the aff glorifies the expression of racism and sexism. This speech justifies atrocities like oppression and murder==== 46 -Vidani, Peter. "ABRIDGING THE FREEDOM OF SPEECH". The New Society. FEBRUARY 3, 2016. Web. 22 Jan. 2017. 47 -The common ground that these rulings stand on is the idea that contemporary community standards 48 -AND 49 -And by that, we are implicit in the crimes associated with them. 50 - 51 - 52 -====Racism is the root cause of violence which they perpetuate==== 53 -Foucault '76 54 -~~Michel, Society Must be Defended: Lectures at the College de France, 1975-1976, p. 254-257 Trans. David Macey~~ 55 -What in fact is racism? It is primarily a way of introducing a break 56 -AND 57 -second half of the nineteenth century), except by activating the theme of racism 58 - 59 - 60 -==The alt== 61 - 62 - 63 -===Text: Public Colleges and Universities ought to restrict the speech for the oppressor and offer deference to the oppressed=== 64 - 65 - 66 -====The constitution doesn't require neutrality in matters of equality, it requires to government to promote equality—we need an equality based free speech system in order to achieve equality==== 67 -Shannon Gilreath, 2009, ARTICLE AND ESSAY: "TELL YOUR FAGGOT FRIEND HE OWES ME $ 500 FOR MY BROKEN HAND": THOUGHTS ON A SUBSTANTIVE EQUALITY THEORY OF FREE SPEECH*, * The title of this Article is taken from the actual words of the murderer of a young Gay man, Sean Kennedy, spoken to one of Kennedy's friends, only minutes after the murder. For a fuller description of the crime, see infra notes 124-25 and accompanying text. , 44 Wake Forest L. Rev. 557, 607-611 68 -In fact, no speech case, before Beauharnais or since, has explicitly invoked 69 -AND 70 -and context. The next section of this Article takes up this important discussion 71 - 72 - 73 -====There must be reasonable regulation anti-identity and anti-equality speech in order to ever achieve equality==== 74 -Shannon Gilreath, 2009, ARTICLE AND ESSAY: "TELL YOUR FAGGOT FRIEND HE OWES ME $ 500 FOR MY BROKEN HAND": THOUGHTS ON A SUBSTANTIVE EQUALITY THEORY OF FREE SPEECH*, * The title of this Article is taken from the actual words of the murderer of a young Gay man, Sean Kennedy, spoken to one of Kennedy's friends, only minutes after the murder. For a fuller description of the crime, see infra notes 124-25 and accompanying text. , 44 Wake Forest L. Rev. 557, 607-611 75 - 76 - 77 -====It is because of this personal nature of my stake in the debate about speech and equality that I am keenly aware of Professor Michael Curtis's warning: "thoughtful arguments for revision ~~of the free speech norm~~ would recognize that departures from ~~the status quo~~ involve serious dangers and that exceptions need to be confined by tough, narrowly drawn, and very careful rules." I could not agree more. Because the speech authoritarians have won, however, it is hard to believe that the absolutist view of free speech they advocate is wrong or that thoughtful departures from the absolutist norm are possible. But a free speech system that allows reasonable regulation of anti-identity, anti-equality speech aimed at people who face systematic and systemic powerlessness and subordination in contravention of their constitutionally guaranteed (and compelling) interest in equality is exactly this sort of system: one in which both a commitment to free speech and a commitment to equality are respected. When the victims of anti-identity speech can finally assert human rights against devastating, victimizing speech, a rational understanding of the free speech norm will emerge, and Gay youth - thereby Gay women and men - will finally have a shot at a dignified place in their country. We will be closer to an America where everyone matters - not just the powerful. Equality may mean something after all. 78 - 79 -Silencing the silencer is the only way to give a voice to people of color==== 80 -Alice K. Ma 81 -Alice K. Ma, A.B. 1989, Harvard and Radcliffe Colleges; J.D. candidate 1995, Boalt Hall School of Law, University of California, Berkeley. ,1995, COMMENT: Campus Hate Speech Codes: Affirmative Action in the Allocation of Speech Rights, 83 Calif. L. Rev. 693, 732 82 - 83 -Hate speech in colleges and universities is especially disheartening because campus communities are among 84 -AND 85 -and all walks of life. Most important, all must participate equally. 86 - 87 - 88 -====The aff solvency of counterspeech will only exacerbate the problem. We advocate for censorship for the sake of good, eliminating harmful ideas and addressing the root cause. The aff only ignores the root. ==== 89 -Vidani, Peter. "ABRIDGING THE FREEDOM OF SPEECH". The New Society. FEBRUARY 3, 2016. Web. 22 Jan. 2017. 90 -As previously detailed, the unrestricted right to free speech will ultimately give safe harbor 91 -AND 92 -, if we are to prevent harm, we must advocate for censorship. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,12 +1,0 @@ 1 -Hate speech is protected on Public campuses, as there is virtually no restriction on detrimental speech towards others 2 -McGough, Michael. "Sorry, Kids, The 1St Amendment Does Protect 'Hate Speech'". latimes.com. N. p., 2015. Web. 30 Dec. 2016. 3 -When the editor-in-chief of the student newspaper at Williams College recanted 4 -AND 5 -policies on speech have nothing to do with "legally recognized hate speech.") 6 - 7 - 8 -The pain is felt by a massive amount of people, and it causes them to be marginalized and devalued as human beings 9 -Alison, Myhra. "The Hate Speech Conundrum And Public Schools." North Dakota Law Review. 1992. Web. December 07, 2016. http://repository.law.ttu.edu/handle/10601/632. 10 -The resurgence of intolerances has taken a variety of forms, from discriminatory conduct to 11 -AND 12 -memberships constitute a sufficient enough reason to deny equal treatment and opportunity.36 - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,36 +1,0 @@ 1 -Sexism is a major problem on Public college and university campuses. Verbal sexual harassment reaffirms society's subjegation of the female body and perpetuates the patriarchy. As debaters, it is our duty to combat this societal ideal. Thus the role of the ballot is to vote for the debater who provides the best liberation method for the oppressed. 2 -KATHARINE T. BARTLETT AND JEAN O'BARR scholarship.law.duke.edu. N. p. 1990. Web. 4 Jan. 2017. 3 -Reports of the kind of outrageous, blatantly racist, sexist, or heterosexist events 4 -AND 5 -public telephone, or posters go up celebrating the massacre of Montreal feminists? 6 - 7 - 8 -You have an ethical responsibility to reject patriarchy—it leads to unjust domination. Thus the role of the judge is to endorse the best scholarship that leads to the deconstruction of the patriarchy 9 -Jhyette Nhanenge, 2007 (developmental Africa worker), 2007, Retrieved May 30, 2015 from http://uir.unisa.ac.za/bitstream/handle/10500/570/dissertation.pdf?sequence=1/ ns 10 -The two characteristics, which benefit in a racist and/or patriarchal society are 11 -AND 12 -even though, paradoxically, the system can only survive on irrational ideologies. 13 - 14 - 15 -Sexist hate speech has devastating consequences 16 -Snežana Samardžić-Marković1 February 2016 " Assessing The Impact Of Sexist Hate Speech – And What To Do About It". Blog.nohatespeechmovement.org. N. p., 2016. Web. 6 Jan. 2017. 17 -Sexist hate speech is closely linked to violence against women and girls. Women receive 18 -AND 19 -or even changing their name. In extreme cases, they commit suicide. 20 - 21 - 22 -Outside of those impacts, the sexist hate speech will always foster the continuation and growth of the patriarchy outside of the college campus 23 -Ebert 93 (Teresa, Professor of Humanities at the College of Arts and Sciences at the University at Albany who specializes in Critical and Cultural Theory, Feminist Critique, Marxist Theory and Globalization Theory, "Ludic Feminism, the Body, Performance, and Labor: Bringing 'Materialism' Back into Feminist Cultural Studies" https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/1354189.pdf)//meb 24 -I would like to elaborate more specifically here on the two radically different notions of 25 -AND 26 -that feminist cultural studies can help bring about the nonexploit- ative future. 27 - 28 - 29 -alt: Public Colleges and Universities ought to impose a ban on sexist speech as the first step to remove the patriarchy 30 - 31 - 32 -The ban on sexist speech will prevent future sexism and start to dismantle the patriarchy 33 -Margarita Salas 10 June 2013 "The False Paradox: Freedom Of Expression And Sexist Hate Speech ~| Genderit.Org". Genderit.org. N. p., 2017. Web. 6 Jan. 2017. 34 -In contrast, feminist Dona Lilian argues that: "sexist speech is hate speech 35 -AND 36 -our part in putting a stop to this form of gender based violence. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,52 +1,0 @@ 1 -=Biopower K= 2 - 3 - 4 -====LINK: The decision of whether or not to invoke humanitarian assistance places the sovereign in a position that reduces populations to bare life==== 5 -Ibur, 9 – Professor of Political Science at the CUNY Graduate Center 6 -(Aaron M. "Humanitarian Intervention, the Responsibility to Protect, and Abuse of the Law: The Internationalization of States of Exception," February 15-18, All Academic) 7 -Using Agamben's theories of "bare life" and sovereign exception, this paper argues 8 -AND 9 -the state of exception becomes in the global sphere the new normative paradigm. 10 - 11 - 12 -====LINK: Prerogative power and asceticism in the context of welfare policy reduces the impoverished to bare life – this results in totalitarianism and genoicde==== 13 -Arnold, 4 – Lecturer on Social Studies at Harvard University, 14 -(Kathleen, "Asceticism, Bio-power and the Poor," March 11^^th^^, All Academic) 15 -By the time Bentham and Malthus were writing, ascetic values were conditioned by other 16 -AND 17 -, and women, among others. 18 -2 impacts 19 -1 is totalitarianism 20 - 21 - 22 -====Biopolitical control reduces civilians to bare life and leads totalitarianism==== 23 -Giroux, 6 - Professor at McMaster University in the English and Cultural Studies Department 24 -(Henry A., "Reading Hurricane Katrina: Race, Class, and the Biopolitics of Disposability, College Literature 33.3, Project Muse) 25 -While biopolitics in Foucault and Hardt and Negri addresses the relations between politics and death 26 -AND 27 -placed in the hands of military and state power. 28 -2 is genocide 29 - 30 - 31 -====Biopower necessitates genocide for the sake of the health of the population==== 32 -Agamben 98 (Giorgio, professor of philosophy at university of Verona, Homo Sacer: Sovereign Power and Bare Life, pg. 145-147) 33 - 34 -Hence the radical transformation of the meaning and duties of medicine, which is increasingly 35 -AND 36 -the care of health and the fight against the enemy become absolutely indistinguishable. 37 - 38 - 39 -====ALT: We should resist the state of exception through individualized action==== 40 -Ellerman, 9 – Professor of Political Science 41 -(Antje, "Undocumented Migrants and Resistance in the State of Exception," March 19^^th^^, All Academic, http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p316973_index.html) 42 -What is the nature of resistance in the state of exception? Rarely do acts 43 -AND 44 -acts of physical resistance and escape, to the destruction of identity documents. 45 - 46 - 47 -====Individualized resistance to biopower literally solves AFF==== 48 -Giroux, 6 - Professor at McMaster University in the English and Cultural Studies Department 49 -(Henry A., "Reading Hurricane Katrina: Race, Class, and the Biopolitics of Disposability, College Literature 33.3, Project Muse) 50 -Any viable attempt to challenge the biopolitical project that now shapes American life and culture 51 -AND 52 -, housing, and health care to all residents of the United States. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,22 +1,0 @@ 1 -=Polarization DA= 2 - 3 - 4 -====Republican Leadership will not pass AFF housing legislation ==== 5 -NLIHC(National Low Income Housing Coalition). 11 Nov. 2016. "What Will President Trump Mean for Affordable Housing?." On the Home Front.. Web. 27 Feb. 2017. https://hfront.org/2016/11/11/what-will-president-trump-mean-for-affordable-housing/ 6 -We expect that dismantling fair housing regulations will be at the top of Congress' and 7 -AND 8 -look to use funding for the HTF to plug holes in HUD's budget. 9 - 10 - 11 -====The AFF's welfare state creates increasing political polarization==== 12 -Jeff Stonecash 24 Jan. 2014. "The two key factors behind our polarized politics." Washington Post.. Web. 27 Feb. 2017. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/monkey-cage/wp/2014/01/24/the-two-key-factors-behind-our-polarized-politics/ 13 -The paramount debate in American politics is how much government should help individuals and who 14 -AND 15 -none of the precipitating conditions are likely to change in the near future. 16 - 17 - 18 -==== US polarization has devastating effects both domestically and internationally==== 19 -Epstein and Graham 2007. Epstein, Diana and John D. Graham. Polarized Politics and Policy Consequences. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 2007. http://www.rand.org/pubs/occasional_papers/OP197.html. Also available in print form. 20 -Among the negative consequences of polarization, legislative gridlock is one that is most commonly 21 -AND 22 -, where the gap averaged only 5 percentage points (Jacobson, 2007a). - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,68 +1,0 @@ 1 -====Debate should deal with liberation strategies centered around tangible action. The role of the ballot is to endorse the best liberatory strategy==== 2 -Giroux 06 3 -Giroux, Henry A. America on the edge: Henry Giroux on politics, culture, and education. Palgrave Macmillan, 2006. PESH AK 4 -The National Association of Urban Debate Leagues (UDLs) represents a promising, innovative 5 -AND 6 -in ways that demonstrate political conviction, civic courage, and collective responsibility. 7 - 8 - 9 -==The U.S has historically used public housing developments and urban renewal to justify the destruction and displacement of low income communities and minorities == 10 - 11 - 12 -====Public housing is the cause of modern-day gentrification==== 13 - Newman, Kathe. "The Right To Stay Put, Revisited: Gentrification And Resistance To Displacement In New York City." Urban Studies, Vol. 43. July 01, 2006. Web. February 07, 2017. . 14 - Gentrification is directly related to how cities experience economic transformation and policy interventions. 15 -AND 16 -into neighbourhoods that once pro- vided ample supplies of affordable living arrangements. 17 - 18 - 19 -====Racist views of low income communities justify displacement and destruction of community==== 20 -Mindy Thompson **Fullilove1**, March 2001, Root Cause: The Consequences of African American Disposition, Journal of Urban Health: Bulletin of the New York Academy lf Medicine, New York academy of medicine, file:///C:/Users/Tiffany/Downloads/Fullilove20Root20Shock.pdf 21 -Because of the structure of segregation, white people rarely visited the ghetto community. 22 -AND 23 -used to have a community there. Now it's just build-ings." 24 - 25 - 26 -==This gentrification causes the destruction of tight knit communities, damaging the people within through destroying close social relationships that many rely on for economic and societal support== 27 -**Ireni** Saban, L. (n.d.). Isbn:1438452446 - Google Search. Retrieved March 09, 2017, from https://books.google.com/books?isbn=1438452446 28 -The concept of the right to housing recognizes that housing is more than a roof over one's head. It is a deep human connection to a place, a community, a way of life. New Orleans' public housing residents have sought to defend this sense of community and belonging in their efforts to halt the destruction of public housing in the city. Fighting media caricatures of public housing as by defnition crime-ridden and dehumanizing, New Orleans' public housing residents have stressed their experiences of authentic community within the public housing developments where many lived for years or decades. Respondents to the NESRI/Mayday survey, many of whom were former residents of the city's "Big 4" projects, cited the strong relational fabric of solidarity and reciprocity that had existed there, and that was lost when HUD and HANO hastily demolished this essential infrastructure. One survey respondent, who had lived in the St. Bernard project, explained: When people ask me questions about my story, the frst thing I talk about is the loss of my community and networks. People don't understand my pain. . . . Losing my community was a heart-breaker for me. There are so many families that can't get back. In our hearts, all of us want to go back. . . . ~~In St. Bernard,~~ we weren't just a community — we were a family. My neighbors would watch out for me and my children and make sure they were okay. I don't have that now. I'm on my own.51 The demolition of the Big 4 destroyed much more than the bricks and mortar of structurally viable buildings. It tore apart a fabric of community that had given meaning to people's lives. 29 - 30 - 31 -====Low income people rely on each other in low income communities for support and evictions destroy these communities and relationships==== 32 -Desmond and Gudrais 14 33 -Disrupted Lives Sociologist Matthew Desmond studies eviction and the lives of America's poor. by ELIZABETH GUDRAIS JANUARY-FEBRUARY 2014 Contributing editor Elizabeth Gudrais '01 is a freelance writer living in Madison, Wisconsin. Her last feature article profiled sociologist Bruce Western and his research on incarceration. Matthew Desmond is an American sociologist. He is the John L. Loeb Associate Professor of the Social Sciences at Harvard University. He was awarded a MacArthur Fellowship in 2015 and a Harvey Fellowship in 2006. 34 -Desmond's fellow sociologists say they appreciate the way he reframes problems and challenges paradigms, 35 -AND 36 -especially remarkable considering the financial hardships affecting most of the people he met). 37 - 38 - 39 -====Evictions cause break up of families and retrenches the cycle of poverty- sudden displacement of urban renewal never solves ==== 40 -Community Shares of Wisconsin 17 41 -Community Shares of Wisconsin: Is a member-directed federation. (This means that each of our member groups holds a seat on the board, and together our members decide on our priorities, spending, etc.) Supports new, innovative groups in our community through our open membership application process. Actively works to expand capacity for its member nonprofits through training, 1:1 support from experts, networking, and technical assistance. Networks with local, state, and global organizations with similar goals. Builds relationships, community involvement, and citizen activism by connecting member groups, donors, and employers. Supports innovative solutions and ideas through pooled resources and the use of technology. Copyright © 2017, Community Shares of Wisconsin. All Rights Reserved. http://www.communityshares.com/voices/45-years-of-housing-justice-combatting-evictions/ 42 -Few topics illustrate what's behind the "cycle of poverty" more so than eviction 43 -AND 44 -in conclusion. "It's great motivation to keep doing this important work." 45 - 46 - 47 -====Urban Renewal destroys community causing segregation, overcrowding, and traumatic health disorders ==== 48 -**Fullilove3**, Mindy Thompson. "Root Shock: The Consequences of African American Dispossession." Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine Vol. 78. March 2001. PMC. Web. 7 Mar. 2017. 49 -Unexamined in Jacobs's work, but of great concern to many other observers of the 50 -AND 51 -, choices that those who had not been displaced were free to make. 52 - 53 - 54 -====Community Dispossession causes psychological trauma and community instability==== 55 -Mindy Thompson **Fullilove4**, March 2001, Root Cause: The Consequences of African American Disposition, Journal of Urban Health: Bulletin of the New York Academy lf Medicine, New York academy of medicine, file:///C:/Users/Tiffany/Downloads/Fullilove20Root20Shock.pdf 56 -I believe it is an accurate reading of the available data to say that community 57 -AND 58 -connection was that of geographic proximity, that is, they were neighbors. 59 - 60 - 61 -==ALT: Recognize the right to community== 62 - 63 - 64 -====The right to community is a precondition for all other rights and neutralizes devastating isolationism==== 65 -**Council of Europe**, Commissioner for Human Rights, Mandate 2006-2012, Thomas Hammarberg. "Council of Europe." Commissioner for Human Rights - The right of people with disabilities to live independently and be included in the community. Issue Paper commissioned and published by Thomas Hammarberg, Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights. N.p., 2012. Web. 07 Mar. 2017. 66 -Recognizing the right to live in the community is about enabling people to live their 67 -AND 68 --related supports on which enjoyment of this right depends for many individuals. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,0 +1,82 @@ 1 +I negate the resolution Resolved: Public colleges and universities in the United States ought not restrict any constitutionally protected speech. 2 +Definitions: 3 +To restrict is to confine or to place restrictions upon ~~Merriam-Webster~~ 4 +Protected Speech 5 +Speech http://www.**uscourts.gov**/about-federal-courts/educational-resources/about-educational-outreach/activity-resources/what-does 6 +All speech is considered constitutionally protected unless it falls within several limited exceptions. The 7 +AND 8 +is always a matter of context and the specific facts of the situation. 9 +**and ** 10 + 11 + 12 +====Hate speech is protected on Public campuses, as there is virtually no restriction on detrimental speech towards others==== 13 +**McGough**, Michael. "Sorry, Kids, The 1St Amendment Does Protect 'Hate Speech'". latimes.com. N. p., **2015**. Web. 30 Dec. 2016. 14 +When the editor-in-chief of the student newspaper at Williams College recanted 15 +AND 16 +policies on speech have nothing to do with “legally recognized hate speech.”) 17 +value morality 18 +**criterion is minimizing structural violence**. 19 +Prefer for 2 additional reasons: 20 + 21 + 22 +====1. Before evaluating other theories, we must understand structural violence and oppression in order to include everyone in any ethical theory. ==== 23 +Winter and Leighton 99 ~|Deborah DuNann Winter and Dana C. Leighton. Winter~|~~Psychologist that specializes in Social Psych, Counseling Psych, Historical and Contemporary Issues, Peace Psychology. Leighton: PhD graduate student in the Psychology Department at the University of Arkansas. Knowledgable in the fields of social psychology, peace psychology, and ustice and intergroup responses to transgressions of justice~~ "Peace, conflict, and violence: Peace psychology in the 21st century." Pg 4-5 ghs//VA 24 +Finally, to recognize the operation of structural violence forces us to ask questions about 25 +AND 26 +local cultures, will be our most surefooted path to building lasting peace. 27 + 28 + 29 +====2. Structural violence is based in moral exclusion, which is fundamentally flawed because exclusion is not based on dessert but rather on arbitrarily perceived differences.==== 30 +Susan Opotow 01 ~~Susan Opotow is a social and organizational psychologist. Her work examines the intersection of conflict, justice, and identity as they give rise to moral exclusion — seeing others as outside the scope of justice and as eligible targets of discrimination, exploitation, hate, or violence. Sh e studies moral exclusion and moral inclusion in such everyday contexts as schooling, environmental and public policy conflict, and in more violent contexts, such as deadly wars and the post-war period. She has guest edited The Journal of Social Issues and Social Justice Research and co-edited Identity and the Natural Environment: The Psychological Significance of Nature (MIT Press, 2003). She is associate editor of Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology and Past President of the Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues~~, "Social Injustice", Peace, Conflict, and Violence: Peace Psychology for the 21st Centuryl Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 2001, BE 31 +Both structural and direct violence result~~s~~ from moral justifications and rationalizations. 32 +AND 33 +oneself or one's group at the expense of others (Tajfel, 1982). 34 + 35 + 36 +==CP Text: The United States ought to establish that hate speech is harmful to its targets and subsequently ban it from public colleges and Universities== 37 + 38 + 39 +====Banning Hate Speech only makes sense in context of how it affects others in society. ==== 40 +**Simpson**, Robert. "Dignity, Harm, And Hate Speech." Law and Philosophy. November 01, 2013. Web. December 05, **2016**. 41 +So far as this is our situation, I believe the way forward is to 42 +AND 43 +into view until we establish that hate speech is harmful to its targets. 44 + 45 + 46 +====US is behind other countries on limiting hate speech. International contracts also support it.==== 47 +**McConnell**, Michael. "You Cant Say That." New York Times. June 22, 2012. Web. December 05, 2016. 48 +The United States is almost alone among Western liberal democracies in not punishing what is 49 +AND 50 +That case would almost certainly have come out differently in other liberal democracies. 51 + 52 + 53 +====Hate speech and actions are rampant on college campuses, anti semetic and title IX issues show. ==== 54 +**COTJ **. "FIRST AMENDMENT PROTECTIONS ON PUBLIC COLLEGE AND UNIVERSITY CAMPUSES." Serial No. 114–31. June 02, 2014. Web. December 07, 2016. 55 +According to the National Demographic Survey of American Jewish College Students conducted by researchers at 56 +AND 57 +reporting such discrimination at the least diverse schools. Great support for public education 58 + 59 + 60 +===Mutually exclusive: the Aff is bound by the resolution to not restrict free speech, thus they can't perm into an advocacy that bans a particular speech. === 61 + 62 + 63 +**===Net Benefits: ===** 64 + 65 + 66 +**====Banning hate speech will lead to less tensions between racial groups====** 67 +Dennis **Chong**, ~~Northwestern University, Department of Political Science~~, "Free Speech and Multiculturalism in and out of the Academy," Political Psychology, Vol. 27, **2006**. 68 +The decline in tolerance of racist expression corresponds to the diffusion of multicultural ideas among 69 +AND 70 +1980s, when campuses across the country took measures to regulate hate speech. 71 + 72 + 73 +====The hate speech ban on college campuses will maximize educational equality. Racist free speech denies equality of education for students of color. Jill Gordon ~~Professor of Philosophy, Colby College~~, and Markus Johnson ~~Colby College~~, "Race, Speech, and a Hostile Education Environment: What Color is Free Speech?" Journal of Social Philosophy, Vol. 34, No. 3, Fall 2003. ==== 74 +The grievousness of being denied equality of education is magnified by the fact that courts 75 +AND 76 +, namely, the proscription of such harassment, not the toleration thereof. 77 + 78 +====Speech codes are successful and protect diversity and education. ==== 79 +Richard **Delgado** ~~Charles Inglis Thomson Professor of Law, University of Colorado~~ and David Yun ~~JD, University of Colorado~~, "The Neo-conservative Case Against HateSpeech Regulation- Lively, D'souza, Gates, Carter, and the Toughlove Crowd," 80 +Moreover, success is more possible than the toughlove crowd would like to acknowledge. 81 +AND 82 +The same may well continue to happen with the hate-speech movement. - EntryDate
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