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Cites

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1		-=1AC Yale Round 1=
2		-
3		-
4		-===Framework===
5		-
6		-
7		-====The role of the ballot is to vote for the debater who provides the best methodology to resist nuclear colonialism. Prefer:====
8		-
9		-
10		-====1. Traditional political frameworks fail to attain social recognition – a specific focus on disadvantaged populations is needed====
11		-**Cousins et al '13**, Elicia Cousins, Claire Karban, Fay Li, and Marianna Zapanta, "Nuclear Power and Environmental Justice: A Mixed-Methods Study of Risk, Vulnerability, and the Victim Experience," Carleton College, Environmental Studies Comprehensive Project, 2013
12		-This study examines the social cost of nuclear power by focusing on the vulnerability of
13		-AND
14		-that protect these populations from further harm without necessarily increasing costs to government.
15		-
16		-
17		-====2. Native Americans are largely excluded from the Anti-Nuclear power debate – discussion now is key====
18		-**Churchill 97** Ward LeRoy Churchill (an American author and political activist; he was a professor of ethnic studies at the University of Colorado Boulder from 1990 until 2007). A Little Matter of Genocide: Holocaust And Denial In The Americas 1492 To The Present. 1997. HW. https://books.google.com/books?id=1AbmOu-FRisCandpg=PA361andlpg=PA361anddq=native+americans+should+ban+nuclear+powerandsource=blandots=UKNkSfrOyWandsig=0a9yh_xSRMJXE7AK8rzWMkzy710andhl=enandsa=Xandved=0ahUKEwjIhYrwzd_OAhVC3mMKHZ9KDXcQ6AEIOzAE~~#v=onepageandqandf=false
19		-166. While the great weight of this has fallen on Native North America (
20		-AND
21		-minimal to nonexistent, even among the dominant society's self-styled radicals.
22		-
23		-
24		-====3. Pedagogy is inherently political – this demands constant methodological critique====
25		-**Trifonas '03**, PETER PERICLES TRIFONAS. PEDAGOGIES OF DIFFERENCE: RETHINKING EDUCATION FOR SOCIAL CHANGE/ RoutledgeFalmer. New York, London. 2003. Questia.
26		-Just as objective social reality exists not by chance, but as the product of
27		-AND
28		-, a decolonizing pedagogy addresses both the means and the ends of schooling.
29		-
30		-
31		-===Plan===
32		-
33		-
34		-====Thus, Plan Text: Native Americans should ban the production of nuclear power====
35		-**Endres 1**, Danielle Endres (2009), "The Rhetoric of Nuclear Colonialism: Rhetorical Exclusion of American Indian Arguments in the Yucca Mountain Nuclear Waste Siting Decision," Communication and Critical/Cultural Studie
36		-If the rhetoric of nuclear colonialism is designed to exclude American Indian nations from deliberation
37		-AND
38		-emerge from nuclear colonialism. Ultimately, the policies and discourse of nuclear colonialism
39		-
40		-
41		-====The aff is topical – mining and disposal of uranium is part of nuclear power====
42		-**WNA '16**, World Nuclear Association, "The Nuclear Fuel Cycle," World Nuclear Association 2016, http://www.world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/introduction/nuclear-fuel-cycle-overview.aspx
43		-The nuclear fuel cycle is the series of industrial processes which involve the production of
44		-AND
45		-Collectively these steps are known as the 'back end' of the fuel cycle.
46		-
47		-
48		-===Contention 1 is Colonialism ===
49		-
50		-
51		-====Nuclear colonialism through nuclear waste production continues the genocide of Native people====
52		-**Smith '12**, Brendan Smith, 3-18-2012, "Nuclear Colonialism," nuclearhistorymatters, https://nuclearhistorymatters.wordpress.com/2012/03/18/nuclear-colonialism/
53		-Nuclear colonialism was a featured term in this chapter by Dr. Kuletz, and
54		-AND
55		-Paiute see their ancestral homeland, the state sees a nuclear waste depository.
56		-
57		-
58		-====Empirics prove disproportionate targeting of Natives ====
59		-**PSR no date**, Physicians for Social Responsibility, "Dirty, Dangerous and Expensive: The Truth About Nuclear Power," http://www.psr.org/resources/nuclear-power-factsheet.html?referrer=https://www.google.com/
60		-The nuclear industry seeks to revitalize itself by manipulating the public's concerns about global warming
61		-AND
62		-nuclear energy and nuclear weapons is arguably the greatest danger of nuclear power.
63		-
64		-
65		-====Pollution of Native lands are the largest source of birth defects and poor health ====
66		-**Lynch 14 **Michael J. Lynch (University of South Florida, FL, Department of Criminology, College of Behavioral and Community Sciences). "Native American People, Environmental Health and Justice Issues." Green Criminology. 10 March 2014. HW. http://greencriminology.org/glossary/native-american-people-environmental-health-and-justice-issues/
67		-Native Americans face a number of environmental hazards and health issues that have been imposed
68		-AND
69		-that environmental injustice that Native lands were targeted for nuclear waste disposal sites.
70		-
71		-
72		-====Colonial methods allow for maximum violence – this isn't some power tagged impact card – the method used by the colonizer allows for the justification of violence unprecedented====
73		-**Mbembe '03**, Achille Mbembe, "Necropolitics," Duke University Press, 2003, https://www.dartmouth.edu/~~lhc/docs/achillembembe.pdf
74		-If the relations between life and death, the politics of cruelty, and the
75		-AND
76		-of Hegel's Phenomenology of the Spirit: its simultaneous idealism and apparent inhumanity.
77		-
78		-
79		-====Prohibition is key – Native communities are paid large sums of money in order to allow waste dumping – this gives the usfg leverage to claim the deals are "legitimate" when in fact they just retrench structural violence====
80		-**Kamps '01**, Kevin Kamps (Nuclear Waste Specialist), "Environmental Racism, Tribal Sovereignty and Nuclear Waste," Nuclear Information Resource Service, February 15, 2001, http://www.nirs.org/factsheets/pfsejfactsheet.htm
81		-Targeting a tiny, impoverished Native American community, already so disproportionately overburdened with toxic
82		-AND
83		-been dumped yet, Bullcreek says PFS is already ripping her community apart.
84		-
85		-
86		-====Only the Aff solves, safe storage will still cause landfill leakage ====
87		-**Brook 98 **Daniel Brook (Professor at University of California, Davis; PhD in sociology), "Environmental Genocide: Native Americans and Toxic Waste," American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol. 57, No. 1. January 1998. pp. 105-113. HW. http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdfplus/3487423.pdf
88		-Unfortunately, it is a sad but true fact that "virtually every landfill leaks
89		-AND
90		-their earnings at the expense of health, safety, and the environment.
91		-
92		-
93		-===Contention 2 is Inherent Sovereignty ===
94		-
95		-
96		-====Specific discussion in the Aff is key – the colonizer uses strategic silence to ensures natives don't have a voice in discussion of nuclear energy====
97		-**Endres 2**, Danielle Endres (2009), "The Rhetoric of Nuclear Colonialism: Rhetorical Exclusion of American Indian Arguments in the Yucca Mountain Nuclear Waste Siting Decision," Communication and Critical/Cultural Studie
98		-In addition to outlining a decision calculus that shifts the burden of proof in a
99		-AND
100		-continuing a system of nuclear colonialism and avoiding discussion of American Indian sovereignty.
101		-
102		-
103		-====And, sovereignty as defined by the usfg is colonialist – they get to choose when they follow the rules because they created them====
104		-**Endres 3**, Danielle Endres (2009), "The Rhetoric of Nuclear Colonialism: Rhetorical Exclusion of American Indian Arguments in the Yucca Mountain Nuclear Waste Siting Decision," Communication and Critical/Cultural Studie
105		-Colonialism in all its forms is dependent on the discursive apparatus that sustains it.
106		-AND
107		-is always defined as dependent on and subordinate to the US federal government.
108		-
109		-
110		-====The Aff recognizes Native American lands as possessing inherent sovereignty – this transcends the political and is a necessary step to substantive change====
111		-**Endres 4**, Danielle Endres (2009), "The Rhetoric of Nuclear Colonialism: Rhetorical Exclusion of American Indian Arguments in the Yucca Mountain Nuclear Waste Siting Decision," Communication and Critical/Cultural Studie
112		-Indigenous resistance over the years has created cracks in the system of resource colonialism,
113		-AND
114		-to colonization through a constitutive redefinition of sovereignty that supersedes the political definition.
115		-
116		-
117		-====Prohibition is the only way to achieve environmental justice – promotion of sovereignty by the state only extends colonialism ====
118		-**Thorpe 97** Grace Thorpe (tribal judge and health commissioner for the Sac and Fox Nation of Oklahoma. She also serves as a resident and directs the National Environmental Coalition of Native Americans). "Our Homes are not Dumps: Creating Nuclear-Free Zones." NRC. 20 November 1997. HW. http://lawschool.unm.edu/nrj/volumes/36/4/12_thorpe_dumps.pdf
119		-According to recent reports, they have also held negotiations with the Mescalero to become
120		-AND
121		-the ground. If it was ever removed, it would bring evil.

EntryDate

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1		-2016-09-17 11:48:55.0

Judge

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1		-Jeffrey Richards

Opponent

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1		-Academy of the Holy Angels

ParentRound

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1		-2

Round

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1		-1

Team

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1		-Gilmour Williams Aff

Title

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1		-SEPOCT Natives 1AC

Tournament

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1		-Yale