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-Affirm. |
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- FW |
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-I value morality. |
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-Moral obligations can’t derive from external sources. All other moral obligations are escapable. Velleman 1. |
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-(Velleman, J. David. "Self to self." The Philosophical Review (1996): 39-76. All) |
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-According to Kant...a sufficient reason. |
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-Analytic |
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-We must have a reason for acting. All reason is inescapable and the inescapability of reason creates a moral obligation to act on the authority of reason, since it’s the only thing you absolutely must act on. Velleman 2. |
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-(Velleman, J. David. "Self to self." The Philosophical Review (1996): 39-76. All) |
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-Yet the argument...can this be? |
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-Analytic |
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-Reasons have to be universalized so they aren’t contradictory i.e. equal reasons to drink water and not drink water put you in a state of paralysis so the only way to solve is to have universalized reasons. Velleman 3. |
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-(Velleman, J. David. "Self to self." The Philosophical Review (1996): 39-76. All) |
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-This first-personal...law for all. |
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-Analytic |
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-Thus the standard is consistency with universal reason. |
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- Offense |
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-Analytic |
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-Oxford Dictionary (https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/animal)- A living organism...rapidly to stimuli. |
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-Animals experience and pursue pleasure through self-conception, making them rational beings, and rational creatures act on reasons, which gives them moral obligations to act on reason, (since reason is inescapable) making them moral agents. Therefore animals are moral agents. Korsgaard 1. |
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-(Fellow Creatures: Kantian Ethics and our Duties to Animals. Christine M. Korsgaard. The Tanner Lectures on Human Values. University of Michigan. February 6, 2004.) |
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-Even if you...its point of view. |
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-Moral agents qualify as legal agents since: |
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-A. Analytic |
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-B. Analytic |
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-C. Analytic |
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-Humans and animals both rely on the Earth’s resources (the commons), and the commons is regulated by a series of legal rights therefore since the animals are already reliant on legal rights, they’re also entitled to legal rights. Korsgaard 2. |
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-(Korsgaard, Christine M. "A Kantian case for animal rights." (2012)) |
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-Here is how...of original acquisition. |
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-There is no unique metaphysical reason that humans have any rights that that animals don’t. It’s only because humans got there first that humans have legal rights and animals don’t. Analytic. Korsgaard 3. |
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-(Korsgaard, Christine M. "A Kantian case for animal rights." (2012)) |
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-Rationality or autonomy...rights after all |
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-Analytic. When humans deny rights to animals we’re also denying ourselves and our own animal nature. We are also animals, so when we legislate it must be on behalf of all animals, not just us. This links to Velleman 3 since contradictions are bad and denying animals rights also denies ourselves so we contradict ourselves. Uphold universality rights among all animals, human and not. Korsgaard 4. |
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-(Fellow Creatures: Kantian Ethics and our Duties to Animals. Christine M. Korsgaard. The Tanner Lectures on Human Values. University of Michigan. February 6, 2004.) |
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-Because we are...the other animals and their rights. |
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- Underview |
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-1. Analytic |
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-a. Analytic |
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-b. Analytic |
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-2. Analytic |
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-a. Analytic |
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-b. Analytic |
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-c. Analytic |
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-3. Analytic |
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-a. Analytic |
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-b. Analytic |
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-4. Analytic |
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-a. Analytic |
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-b. Analytic |
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-c. Analytic |
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-d. Analytic |
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-e. Analytic |
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-5. Analytic |
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-6. Analytic |
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-a. Analytic |
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-b. Analytic |