Tournament: Voices | Round: 2 | Opponent: Evergreen Valley AJ | Judge: Matt Conrad
====Nuclear power is a corporate sham – we are fed a narrative that presents it as the inevitable future because of its cost-efficiency – when in fact nuclear power is neither cost-effective nor safe – this fixation on profit is the root cause of environmental destruction====
Martin et. Al 84
(The main authors are Jill Bowling, Brian Martin, Val Plumwood and Ian Watson, with important contributions from Ray Kent, Basil Schur and Rosemary Walters. Strategy against nuclear power http://www.bmartin.cc/pubs/86sa.html)
Why was the nuclear option taken? Nuclear power is not an automatic or inevitable
AND
oppose nuclear power effectively requires addressing the structures in which it is embedded.

This rationalist paradigm strips individuals of genuine political choice – a neoliberal political paradigm is presented as the only option because it is supposedly the most cost-efficient one. This depoliticization of economic policy reduces politics to a choice between two managers of the same policy preferences that are immune to questioning.

Hay 06 ~Colin, Professor of Political Analysis at University of Sheffield "The normalizing role of rationalist assumptions in the institutional embedding of neoliberalism" Tandf Online 21 Aug 2006~ AT
The 'disaffection' of previously engaged citizens from the democratic process is a key theme
AND
neoliberalism (at least in Britain) on stylized rationalist assumptions. Accordingly, 

Neolib itself is not intrinsically bad – but an ideological commitment to it that is seen as beyond question certainly is – clinging to this dying system results in civilization collapse and structural violence

Bednarz 13 ~(Dan, Sociologist, has worked in academic public health, Associate Director of the Center for Public Health Practice at the University of Pittsburgh, has lectured at the university level in business strategy, organizational studies, sociology, and policy analysis) "Power, Identity and Social Change as We Enter Degrowth" Health After Oil, August 12~ AT
Almost all contemporary governments are ignoring or misinterpreting economic contraction, resource scarcities and biophysical
AND
vested interests, and the implicit threats of surveillance and state sanctioned violence.

Thus, I advocate a repoliticization of economic policy that begins with a country-wide opposition and boycott to the production of nuclear power.

Personal political action is key – this act of defiance affirms the power of individual choice in the face of market forces that attempt to quell personal agency

Robert V. Kozinets and Jay Handelman (1998) ,"Ensouling Consumption: a Netnographic Exploration of the Meaning of Boycotting Behavior", in NA - Advances in Consumer Research Volume 25, eds. Joseph W. Alba and J. Wesley Hutchinson, Provo, UT : Association for Consumer Research, Pages: 475-480.
Boycotting as Morally Transforming Behavior A new dimension extending beyond boycotting's functional image as a
AND
on alt.punk.straight-edge, 02/09/1997

And the aff is prior question, revealing our choice in the neoliberal paradigm and deconstructing its rationalist assumptions are a prerequisite to generating any solution

Hay 06 ~Colin, Professor of Political Analysis at University of Sheffield "The normalizing role of rationalist assumptions in the institutional embedding of neoliberalism" Tandf Online 21 Aug 2006~ AT
however depoliticized and normalized neoliberalism has become, it remains a political and economic choice
AND
of the re-animation of a worryingly disaffected and disengaged democratic culture.

The Role of the judge is to vote  for the debater that best deconstructs neoliberal norms.

The role of the ballot is to endorse the approach that best challenges the normalization of neolib. The debate should focus not on the consequences of the aff advocacy, but on what ideology the advocacy affirms. You should vote aff not because a boycott of nuclear power causes a decrease in neoliberalism, but because a boycott represents an ideological challenge to neolib.

This is the only viable strategy to resist coorporatization – using the debate space to question the ideological foundations of neolib is necessary to challenge it

Giroux, PhD, 2005
(Henry A., College Literature, Volume 32, No. 1, p. 10)
Such efforts must be understood as part of a broader attempt not only to collectively
AND
as the model for organizing all facets of everyday life (Henwood 2003).

And this is preferable to policy education—Criticism comes first – acting as advisors to policy-makers prevents a true intellectual space

Steele, 10 – Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Kansas
(Brent, Defacing Power: The Aesthetics of Insecurity in Global Politics pg 130-132, dml) ~gender/ableist language modified with brackets~
When facing these dire warnings regarding the manner in which academic-intellectuals are seduced
AND
a place fit for human habitation" (~1964~ 2006: 233). 

Refusal to question neoliberalism spills over to the real world—our refusal to question market norms imbues norms of fairness  and education with neoconservative ideology

Giroux 4 (Henry, professor of Cultural Studies at McMaster University, "Public Pedagogy and the Politics of Neo-liberalism: making the political more pedagogical" Policy Futures in Education, Volume 2, Number 3 and 4, 2004)
At this point in American history, neo-liberal capitalism is not simply too
AND
last 30 years, particularly under the ruthless administration of George W. Bush

Tournament: Voices | Round: 3 | Opponent: Del Mar FK | Judge: Jeff Merrill

Desal

Nuclear power is key to stable desalinization – demand is high and rising

IAEA 15 ~— widely known as the world's "Atoms for Peace" organization within the United Nations family. Set up in 1957 as the world's centre for cooperation in the nuclear field, the Agency works with its Member States and multiple partners worldwide to promote the safe, secure and peaceful use of nuclear technologies, "New Technologies for Seawater Desalination Using Nuclear Energy," IEAE TecDoc Series, 2015~
 It is anticipated that by 2025, 33 of the world population,
AND
for coupling nuclear reactors and desalination systems for specific sites in the Mediterranean region

Only solution to water shortages

IAEA 15 ~— widely known as the world's "Atoms for Peace" organization within the United Nations family. Set up in 1957 as the world's centre for cooperation in the nuclear field, the Agency works with its Member States and multiple partners worldwide to promote the safe, secure and peaceful use of nuclear technologies, "New Technologies for Seawater Desalination Using Nuclear Energy," IEAE TecDoc Series, 2015~
Addressing water shortages is a difficult challenge for many countries due to population growth and
AND
applied to optimize the energy use in the integrated power and water plants.

Water crises cause escalating global conflict

Rasmussen 11 ~(Erik, CEO, Monday Morning; Founder, Green Growth Leaders) "Prepare for the Next Conflict: Water Wars" HuffPo 4/12~ AT
For years experts have set out warnings of how the earth will be affected by
AND
and "business as usual" prevails, then water wars will accelerate.

Warming

Nuclear power is critical to stop catastrophic warming

Waldman 15 - Susanne, PhD in Risk Communication at Carleton University ("Why we Need Nuclear Power to Save the Environment" http://energyforhumanity.org/climate-energy/need-nuclear-power-save-environment/) RMT
The idea we might need nuclear power to save the environment may have seen farfetched
AND
they provide is typically quite cheap and not sensitive to fuel price volatility.

====The plan drastically increases coal, natural gas, and oil production in the US - 35 of reserves are on native land====
Awehali 6
Brian is a writer for LiP Magazine. "~# 25 Who Will Profit from Native Energy?" June 5, http://www.projectcensored.org/top-stories/articles/25-who-will-profit-from-native-energy/
Energy on Native American land is becoming big business. According to the Indigenous Environmental
AND
enough power to eradicate all fossil fuel burning power plants in the US."

And, Fossil Fuel emissions lead to warming—studies prove

Human activity—such as burning fossil fuels—causes more greenhouse gases to build up in the atmosphere. As the atmosphere "thickens" with more greenhouse gases, more heat is held in. Fossil fuels such as oil, coal and natural gas are high in carbon and, when burned, produce major amounts of carbon dioxide or CO2. A single gallon of gasoline, when burned, puts 19 pounds of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. The role of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) in warming the Earth's surface was first demonstrated by Swedish scientist Svante Arrhenius more than 100 years ago. Scientific data have since established that, for hundreds of thousands of years, changes in temperature have closely tracked with atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Since the Industrial Revolution, the burning of coal, oil and natural gas has emitted roughly 500 billion tons of CO2, about half of which remains in the atmosphere. This CO2 is the biggest factor responsible for recent warming trends. 

Warming causes extinction. Seriously. Tipping Point now

Jamail 13 ~Dahr, Independent writer for Salon News and has written extensively about climate change as well as the BP oil disaster in the Gulf of Mexico. He is a recipient of numerous awards, including the Martha Gellhorn Award for Journalism and the James Aronson Award for Social Justice Journalism. He is the author of two books: Beyond the Green Zone: Dispatches from an Unembedded Journalist in Occupied Iraq and The Will to Resist: Soldiers Who Refuse to Fight in Iraq and Afghanistan. He currently works for al-Jazeera English in Doha, Qatar, 2013, ""The Great Dying" Redux? Shocking Parallels Between Ancient Mass Extinction and Climate Change," http://www.salon.com/2013/12/17/the_great_dying_redux_shocking_parallels_between_ancient_mass_extinction_and_climate_change_partner/~~
I haven't returned to Mount Rainier to see just how much further that glacier has
AND
possible for the seven to nine billion of us — so we'll die."

Turns case- harms natives the worst

Aileo Weinmann 11 ~(Aileo Weinmann, ) Climate Change Hurts Indian Tribes Disproportionately, Report Finds, National Wildlife Federation 8-3-2011~ AT
North American Indian Tribes are especially harmed by climate change, as more ecological shifts
AND
to prohibit the disproportionate harm to Native Americans brought on by climate change." 

Tuck and Yang

Research centered at the subjugation of the oppressed increases colonization.  Identity is reduced to a people's who identity is centered in lacking wholeness

Tuck and Yang '14 – A. Prof of Educational Foundations @ State U. of New York at New Paltz  and A. Prof in Ethnic Studies @ U.C. San Diego ( Eve and K. Wayne, " R-Words: Refusing Research", Humanizing Research, p.226-231JC )
Similarly, at the center of the analysis in this chapter is a concern with
AND
Only speak your pain" (hooks, 1990, p. 343).

Reject the affirmative as a site of pain centered scholarship.  The alternative of desire-based research solves the case and avoids the pitfall of pain-centered research

Tuck and Yang '14 – A. Prof of Educational Foundations @ State U. of New York at New Paltz  and A. Prof in Ethnic Studies @ U.C. San Diego ( Eve and K. Wayne, " R-Words: Refusing Research", Humanizing Research, p.226-231JC )
Craig Gingrich-Philbrook (2005) articulates a related critique of autoethnography, positioning
AND
. 14). Desire interrupts this metanarrative of damaged communities and White progress.

Tournament: Voices | Round: 1 | Opponent: Loyola NT | Judge: Travis Fife
====Nuclear power is a corporate sham – we are fed a narrative that presents it as the inevitable future because of its cost-efficiency – when in fact nuclear power is neither cost-effective nor safe – this fixation on profit is the root cause of environmental destruction====
Martin et. Al 84
(The main authors are Jill Bowling, Brian Martin, Val Plumwood and Ian Watson, with important contributions from Ray Kent, Basil Schur and Rosemary Walters. Strategy against nuclear power http://www.bmartin.cc/pubs/86sa.html)
Why was the nuclear option taken? Nuclear power is not an automatic or inevitable
AND
oppose nuclear power effectively requires addressing the structures in which it is embedded.

This rationalist paradigm strips individuals of genuine political choice – a neoliberal political paradigm is presented as the only option because it is supposedly the most cost-efficient one. This depoliticization of economic policy reduces politics to a choice between two managers of the same policy preferences that are immune to questioning.

Hay 06 ~Colin, Professor of Political Analysis at University of Sheffield "The normalizing role of rationalist assumptions in the institutional embedding of neoliberalism" Tandf Online 21 Aug 2006~ AT
The 'disaffection' of previously engaged citizens from the democratic process is a key theme
AND
neoliberalism (at least in Britain) on stylized rationalist assumptions. Accordingly, 

Neolib itself is not intrinsically bad – but an ideological commitment to it that is seen as beyond question certainly is – clinging to this dying system results in civilization collapse and structural violence

Bednarz 13 ~(Dan, Sociologist, has worked in academic public health, Associate Director of the Center for Public Health Practice at the University of Pittsburgh, has lectured at the university level in business strategy, organizational studies, sociology, and policy analysis) "Power, Identity and Social Change as We Enter Degrowth" Health After Oil, August 12~ AT
Almost all contemporary governments are ignoring or misinterpreting economic contraction, resource scarcities and biophysical
AND
vested interests, and the implicit threats of surveillance and state sanctioned violence.

C/A: Thus, I advocate a repoliticization of economic policy that begins with a country-wide opposition and boycott to the production of nuclear power.

Personal political action is key – this act of defiance affirms the power of individual choice in the face of market forces that attempt to quell personal agency

Robert V. Kozinets and Jay Handelman (1998) ,"Ensouling Consumption: a Netnographic Exploration of the Meaning of Boycotting Behavior", in NA - Advances in Consumer Research Volume 25, eds. Joseph W. Alba and J. Wesley Hutchinson, Provo, UT : Association for Consumer Research, Pages: 475-480.
Boycotting as Morally Transforming Behavior A new dimension extending beyond boycotting's functional image as a
AND
on alt.punk.straight-edge, 02/09/1997

And the aff is prior question, revealing our choice in the neoliberal paradigm and deconstructing its rationalist assumptions are a prerequisite to generating any solution

Hay 06 ~Colin, Professor of Political Analysis at University of Sheffield "The normalizing role of rationalist assumptions in the institutional embedding of neoliberalism" Tandf Online 21 Aug 2006~ AT
however depoliticized and normalized neoliberalism has become, it remains a political and economic choice
AND
of the re-animation of a worryingly disaffected and disengaged democratic culture.

The Role of the judge is to vote  for the debater that best deconstructs neoliberal norms.

The role of the ballot is to endorse the approach that best challenges the normalization of neolib. The debate should focus not on the consequences of the aff advocacy, but on what ideology the advocacy affirms. You should vote aff not because a boycott of nuclear power causes a decrease in neoliberalism, but because a boycott represents an ideological challenge to neolib.

This is the only viable strategy to resist coorporatization – using the debate space to question the ideological foundations of neolib is necessary to challenge it

Giroux, PhD, 2005
(Henry A., College Literature, Volume 32, No. 1, p. 10)
Such efforts must be understood as part of a broader attempt not only to collectively
AND
as the model for organizing all facets of everyday life (Henwood 2003).

And this is preferable to policy education—Criticism comes first – acting as advisors to policy-makers prevents a true intellectual space

Steele, 10 – Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Kansas
(Brent, Defacing Power: The Aesthetics of Insecurity in Global Politics pg 130-132, dml) ~gender/ableist language modified with brackets~
When facing these dire warnings regarding the manner in which academic-intellectuals are seduced
AND
a place fit for human habitation" (~1964~ 2006: 233).

Tournament: CPS | Round: 1 | Opponent: Del Mar FK | Judge: Ryan Leigh

Their faith in discourse as an act of emancipation presumes an access to subjectivity that the black has no access to

Wilderson 10 (Red, White, and Black)
Unfortunately, cultural studies that theorizes the interface between Blacks and Humans is hobbled in
AND
its very nature, crowds out and forecloses the Slave's grammar of suffering.

White bodies have always occupied the realm of "free speech" and used it to legitimize violence against populations—the aff's plea for free speech only serves to benefit dominant white culture.

National Center for Human Rights Education 11'~opened its doors and joined 21 other countries which launched human rights education projects as part of the United Nations Decade for Human Rights Education, "First Amendment and Racial Terrorism", 2011, University of Dayton, http://academic.udayton.edu/race/06hrights/waronterrorism/racial02.htm~~//JC//
Racists in the United States have always been able to cloak their ideas in the
AND
a cross to intimidate a black family was equivalent to freedom of speech.

European conceptions of reason/body dualism posit non-white people – especially women – as irrational and closer to nature, and therefore dominable and exploitable

Quijano 2000 (Anibal, Professor of sociology at Binghamton University, "Coloniality of Power, Eurocentrism, and Latin America," http://www.unc.edu/~~aescobar/wan/wanquijano.pdf, 2000)
With Descartes the mutation of the ancient dualist approach to the bodyand the nonbodytook
AND
the explanation of the character and trajectory of this perspective of knowledge.

Theories must take into account their historical and social conditions – anything else fails since it assumes the wrong starting point for a moral theory. Theories that are colorblind don't take into account the social background that all theories are embedded in – a social background of racism – this makes their theories a tool of racism

Walsh 4 ~(Kenneth, Staff Writer, Boston College Third World Law Journal) "COLOR-BLIND RACISM IN GRUTTER AND GRATZ" Boston College Third World Law Journal, Volume 24 No 2, 2004. Review of RACISM WITHOUT RACISTS: COLOR-BLIND RACISM AND THE PERSISTENCE OF RACIAL INEQUALITY IN THE UNITED STATES. By Eduardo Bonilla-Silva. Lanham, Boulder, New York, and Oxford: Rowman and Littlefield 2003. Pp. 213.~ AT
In his book, Racism Without Racists: Color-Blind Racism and the Persistence
AND
by obscuring the fact that there is even a problem to fix.161

The presence of the slave makes ethics impossible. All actions within the matrix of anti-blackness are parasitic on the existence of blackness as the over-determination of incoherence, which precipitates anti-black freedom as a means of policing and disavowing black suffering.

Wilderson 10 /Frank Wilderson, Red, White, and Black: Cinema and the Structure of US Antagonisms/
Due to the presence of prior existing relations within a world of contemporaries, no
AND
being, and is positioned, by an a priori violence of genocide. 

Emancipatory discourses are white flights of fancy on the vehicle of black fungibility; blackness prefigures modernity which means blackness is a prior question.

Wilderson 10 /Frank B., Red, White, and Black 20-21/
Again, what is important for us to glean from these historians is that the
AND
symbiosis between the political ontology of Humanity and the social death of Blacks.

There is no progress from the slave; freedom is an illusion created by the shackles of civil society – we must burn the 1ac to the ground.

Farley 5 /Anthony, "Perfecting Slavery", http://lawdigitalcommons.bc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1028andcontext=lsfp/
What is to be done? Two hundred years ago, when the slaves in
AND
the slave must become to pursue its calling that is not a calling.

The black body is the map of gratuitous violence which disarticulates their notions of resistance and freedom ¬– the black is always already marked with criminality – contingent interactions do not alter black ontology.

Our alternative is an unflinching paradigmatic analysis which forefronts discussions of black criminality in context of this year's resolution. Blackness as a site of absolute dereliction de-conceptualizes society as incoherent. We are the only ethical demand.

Wilderson 10 /Frank B., The Prison Slave as Hegemony's (Silent) Scandal, April 13^th, 2002/
Civil society is not a terrain intended for the Black subject. It is coded
AND
via reform or reparation), but must nonetheless be pursued to the death.

Obscuring the position of blackness institutionalizes the impossibility of black liberation – every other starting point feeds white supremacy

Sexton 10 (Jared, Director, African American Studies School of Humanities @ UC Irvine, "People-of-Color-Blindness:  Notes on the Afterlife of Slavery" Social Text 28.2 Duke University Press)
The upshot of this predicament is that obscuring the structural position of the category of
AND
it no doubt would entail nothing less momentous than yet another revolution.78

The claim that free speech leads to democratic debate and social progress is a myth – the AFF's faith in the free exchange of ideas displaces a focus on direct action and re-entrenches multiple forms of oppression – turns case and destroys their solvency.

Tillett-Saks 13 Andrew Tillett-Saks (Labor organizer and critical activist author for Truth-Out and Counterpunch), Neoliberal Myths, Counterpunch, 11/7/13, http://www.counterpunch.org/2013/11/07/neoliberal-myths/ LADI
In the wake of the Brown University shout-down of Ray Kelly, champion
AND
greater freedom. To the contrary, direct action has always proved necessary.

Tournament: CPS | Round: 2 | Opponent: Sunset AB | Judge: Cameron Cohen

1ac-advantage

The advantage is militarism

Free speech zones are a sham – rather than creating a space for speech, they confine dissent to overlooked corners of university campuses, where it is no longer effective. This regime of restrictions on free speech uses military tactics to suppress open debate and political dissent, an extension of the state's extralegal violence in the War on Terror

Elmer 8 (Greg Elmer, associate professor of communication and culture at Ryerson University, PhD in communication from the University of Massachusetts at Amherst, director of the Infoscape Research Lab at Ryerson University, Andy Opel, associate professor of communication at Florida State University, PhD in mass communication from the University of North Carolina, member of the International Communication Association, November 2008, "Preempting Dissent: The Politics of an Inevitable Future," pages 29-41)
SHORTLY AFTER THE LARGE-SCALE PROTESTS against the World Trade Organization in Seattle in
AND
political compliance as it is a technique for reducing actual risks and dangers.

Public colleges deploy a militarized strategy to prevent dissent – they ensure the continuity of militarism by criminalizing opposition to it

Neoliberalism, Militarization, and the Price of Dissent:  Policing Protest at the University of California Farah Godrej. Edited by Piya Chatterjee and Sunaina Maira. Published by the University of Minnesota Press 2014. AS
I have offered here a particular window into the ways in which the interests,
AND
of neoliberal privatization requires that dissent continue, despite its high "price."

Militarism produces abhorrent violence – the fear of a phantom threat results in a limitless war against limitless enemies – only reconfiguring empire from within is politically effective

McClintock 9—chaired prof of English and Women's and Gender Studies at UW–Madison. MPhil from Cambridge; PhD from Columbia (Anne, Paranoid Empire: Specters from Guantánamo and Abu Ghraib, Small Axe Mar2009, Issue 28, p50-74)
By now it is fair to say that the United States has come to be
AND
event—like a new Pearl Harbor." 12
/1ac – plan

Plan text: Public colleges and universities should extend free speech zones to their entire campus.

Rod Kackley | Arizona Shuts Down College Campus Free Speech Zones in the Name of Free Speech. (2016). News and Politics. Retrieved 9 December 2016, from https://pjmedia.com/news-and-politics/2016/05/30/arizona-shuts-down-college-campus-free-speech-zones-in-the-name-of-free-speech/ Rod Kackley is an award-winning radio and print journalist who covers statehouse news from around the nation for PJ Media. He is also a novelist who has recently launched The St. Isidore Collection, a psychological thriller series, which begins with the novel "A Wicked Plan: Book 1 From the St. Isidore Collection." AS
State Rep. Anthony Kern said he handed out materials as part of a church
AND
court finds that the university or community college has restricted the student's speech.

1ac – solvency

Student Protest in Campuses specifically allows for the instigation of dissent and questioning of the Military Industrial Complex within the departments in the University that fuel the war—Vietnam War proves

Tilly et. al. Marco Giugni, Doug McAdam, Charles Tilly. (1999). How Social Movements Matter. University of Minnesota Press. AS
The Anti-Vietnam War Movement and Science Although the United States had been involved
AND
have ignored these protests. Yet that is not how the story unfolded. 

Free Speech zones stifle free speech and make it ineffective, cause more disruption, and allows for schools to selectively choose what speech is acceptable—squo shows no sign of stopping these zones even with court rulings that deem them unconstitutional

David Hacker, It's Time to End Public University Speech Zones, JURIST-Hotline, May 21, 2014, http://jurist.org/hotline/2014/may/david-hacker-speech-zones.php. David J. Hacker serves as senior legal counsel with Alliance Defending Freedom at its Sacramento, California Regional Service Center, where he leads litigation efforts to uphold the constitutionally protected rights of Christian students, faculty and staff at public universities across the nation. He joined Alliance Defending Freedom in 2005 and earned his J.D. from Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri. AS
Free speech zones on public university campuses sound wonderful in the abstract—a special
AND
under—and let students participate freely in the "marketplace of ideas."

1ac – framing

Militarism through war structures all inequalities—not the other way around

John Horgan, Director of the Center for Science Writings at the Stevens Institute of Technology, 2012, The End of War, Chapter 5, Kindle p. 1600-1659
Throughout this book, I've examined attempts by scholars to identify factors especially conducive for
AND
healthcare and education, an improved legal and political system—work for peace

The AFFs method is workable – we pose problems, study them scientifically, and then propose contingent solutions based on the political atmosphere – this procedure inspires critical thinking and bolsters decision-making because it inspires multiple questions and mechanisms to measure and test them to arrive at optimal outcomes

Bennet, Poli Sci Prof @ Penn State, 12 (Sara, "Guide to the Scientific Study of International Processes," John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. Published. pp. 63-72)
*Scientific Study of International Politics = SSIP
Why is generalization or generalizability important
AND
of evidence, hypothesis, and testing, there should be no difference.