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-====Discourse shapes reality and actually creates policy thus making it more important than the policies themselves.==== |
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-=====Doty:===== |
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-**Doty 93 (Roxanne Doty, Professor at Arizona State University. "Foreign Policy as Social Construction: A Post-Positivist Analysis of US Counterinsurgency Policy in the Philippines" International Studies Quarterly)** |
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-**This kind of approach addresses the how-question discussed earlier because it does not ** |
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-**AND** |
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-**policy-making contexts as well as statements made in society more generally 8** |
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-**====Thus the role of the ballot is to vote for the debater that best methodologically and performatively deconstructs controlling, dominant discourse. ====** |
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-====in 2^^nd^^ card the AC referred to people as "victims." "Victim" discourse objectifies and denies their humanity.==== |
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-=====Dunn:===== |
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-**Jennifer L. Dunn ~~Professor of Sociology at Southern Illinois University~~, ""Victims" and "Survivors": Emerging Vocabularies of Motive for "Battered Women Who Stay"" Sociological Inquiry Vol. 75, Issue 1, p. 1-30(Dec 2004) FD ~~formatted for gendered language~~** |
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- **"Barry discusses what she calls "victimism": "In creating new definitions ** |
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-**AND** |
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-" and to whom things "are done"** (1979:38)."** |
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-====The rhetoric of "victim" instructs others to perceive them as helpless, passive, only as an individual – creating a loss of agency. Third, the rhetoric of "victim" causes a loss of agency, instructing others to perceive the abused as a helpless, passive, individual. ==== |
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-=====Dunn:===== |
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-**Jennifer L. Dunn ~~Professor of Sociology at Southern Illinois University~~, ""Victims" and "Survivors": Emerging Vocabularies of Motive for "Battered Women Who Stay"" Sociological Inquiry Vol. 75, Issue 1, p. 1-30(Dec 2004) FD** |
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-**In sum, the cultural context within which typifications of battered women as "survivors** |
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-**AND** |
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-**appropriates** one's personal identity as a competent efficacious actor **(1997:43)".** |
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-====The alt is to reject victim centered discourse and replace it with survivor. "Victim" denotes entrapment while "survivor" implies decision making and agency. ==== |
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-=====Dunn:===== |
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-**Jennifer L. Dunn ~~Professor of Sociology at Southern Illinois University~~, ""Victims" and "Survivors": Emerging Vocabularies of Motive for "Battered Women Who Stay"" Sociological Inquiry Vol. 75, Issue 1, p. 1-30(Dec 2004) FD** |
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-**"Early images of battered women as (mostly) "victims" and more ** |
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-**AND** |
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-, holding all else equal that victimization is bad and agency is good. |