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+Concede the value: |
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+====The standard is consistency with universal freedom. ==== |
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+ |
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+====First, an agent's will acts on a law that it gives to itself. If pleasure were a law to you, then you would straight-away do the pleasurable act, but since you're autonomous, you can reason about taking the action. Thus a condition of action is that the will is self-determined. ==== |
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+ |
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+=====KORSGAARD: ===== |
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+"Self-Constitution in the Ethics of Plato and Kant" by Christine M. Korsgaard LW-DD |
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+"Now I'm going to argue that that sort of willing is impossible. The |
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+AND |
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+identification with the principle of choice on which you act." (123) |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====And, a rational will must set ends within a system of reciprocal constraints. Anything else justifies that someone could impede your ability to achieve your end in the first place, which also means reason constrains end-based frameworks. ==== |
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+ |
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+=====SIYAR: ===== |
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+Jamsheed Aiam Siyar: Kant's Conception of Practical Reason. Tufts University, 1999 LW-DD |
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+"Recall that insofar as I represent a rationally determined end, I represent it |
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+AND |
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+as I represent it as constraining my actions." (80-81) |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Second, Analytic ==== |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Third, Analytic ==== |
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+Impact Calc: Analytic |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Freedom implies an innate right to determine the course of your actions. In the state of nature, might rather than right governs these judgements. Absent of a public authority, rights violations are inevitable. ==== |
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+ |
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+=====VARDEN:===== |
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+"A Kantian Conception of Free Speech" by Helga Varden Chapter from: "Freedom of Expression in a Diverse World" edited by Deirdre Golash 2010 // LM-DD |
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+"The first important distinction between Kant and much contemporary liberal thought issues from Kant's |
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+AND |
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+rather than as subject to anyone's arbitrary choices." (46-47) |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====And, the Brandenburg v. Ohio U.S. Supreme Court decision maintains that seditious speech is protected by the First Amendment so long as it does not indicate an "imminent" threat.^^ ^^ But, seditious speech is never compatible with an omnilateral will and must be restricted. The intent requires the right to destroy the state, which justifies the annihilation of all rights. ==== |
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+ |
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+=====VARDEN 2:===== |
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+"A Kantian Conception of Free Speech" by Helga Varden Chapter from: "Freedom of Expression in a Diverse World" edited by Deirdre Golash 2010 // LM-DD |
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+"To understand Kant's condemnation of seditious speech, remember that Kant, as mentioned |
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+AND |
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+, it is a public crime (6: 331)." (52) |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====And, a public authority interpretation of Kantianism escapes objections of idealism by recognizing that freedom is not protected under idealized private constraints. ==== |
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+ |
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+=====VARDEN 3:===== |
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+"A Kantian Conception of Free Speech" by Helga Varden Chapter from: "Freedom of Expression in a Diverse World" edited by Deirdre Golash 2010 // LM-DD |
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+"The second related distinction between Kant and much contemporary liberal thought concerns Kant's explicit |
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+AND |
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+citizens' interactions is necessary for rightful interaction on this view." (47) |