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+===Frame work === |
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+====When obligation is contextualized in terms of government actors, the only system of ethics that is democratically justifiable is utilitarianism**. ====** |
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+ |
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+**====Woller**^^^^:==== |
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+Moreover, virtually ….. |
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+in a democracy. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Thus, the standard is maximizing expected well being. |
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+However, even if we look at ethics in terms of individuals, morality mandates maximizing good experiences. Nirshberg^^^^:==== |
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+If ethics is …… |
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+we ought to do. |
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+And, proving util is conceptually false is insufficient to defeat the framework because the |
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+AND |
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+deny that it's the only way for a government to fulfill its obligations. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Policy simulation is key to political activism—we learn the levers of power==== |
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+Coverstone 5 ~~MBA (Alan, Acting on Activism) |
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+An important concern …..in America today. |
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+Obligation not to harm future generations is based on minimizing harm- we outweigh under |
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+AND |
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+should refrain from action if such action could endanger posterity's "equal opportunity." |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Extractive mechanisms harm the natural environment at the expense of future generations, while privileging current ones. ==== |
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+Rendall^^^^: |
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+ Intergenerational justice deals ….without catastrophic "accidents"? ^^ |
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+Also outweighs neg offense- the violation is the worst because future generations are the |
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+AND |
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+in willing the means to any end, whereas future generation don't exist. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+===Contention 1) Nuclear power release radiation === |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Subpoint B) Tailing releases radiation into water supplies ==== |
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+Nelkin ^^^^ |
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+In 1975, Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) tests found that tailings from the |
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+AND |
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+Navajo tribe spent about $100,000 on trucking in fresh water. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+===Contention 2) radiation harms future generations === |
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+ |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Subpoint A) look to Chernobyl to show you that nuclear radiation harms the future generation==== |
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+Varoli John |
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+"twenty years later, the Chernobyl disaster still affects children health" unicef April 26 2006 http://www.unicef.org/health/ukraine_33604.html |
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+HERNOBYL, Ukraine, 25 April 2006 – On the 20th anniversary of the Chernobyl |
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+AND |
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+leading to a whole generation of children growing up potentially brain-damaged." |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Nuclear Energy causes radiation health problems==== |
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+Caldicott 2006 ~~Dr. Helen Caldicott, July 2006, devoted the last 35 years to an international campaign to educate the public about the medical hazards of the nuclear age Nuclear Power Is Not the Answer, http://www.helencaldicott.com/chapter3.pdf~~ |
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+Few, if any, estimates of the costs of nuclear energy take into account |
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+AND |
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+nature of radiation is critical to understanding the health impacts of nuclear energy. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+===Contention 3// Nuclear power intensifies the factors of global warming.=== |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Subpoint A) Nuclear power is becoming a worse option.==== |
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+ |
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+=====A Green Road Journal '16:===== |
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+A Green Road Journal '16 (A Green Road Journal, "5 Reasons Why Nuclear Energy Is A Dead End Technology, by Jeremy Rifkin – Advisor To Heads Of State Around The World," A Green Road Journal .com, April 29 2016, http://www.agreenroadjournal.com/2014/04/5-reasons-why-nuclear-energy-is-dead.html, TW) |
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+1) From a business perspective, it's over 2) Its been dead in |
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+AND |
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+reactors, and that water comes out hot which further exasperates ecological problems. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Subpoint B) Nuclear power increases climate change.==== |
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+ |
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+=====A Green Road Journal '16:===== |
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+A Green Road Journal '16 (A Green Road Journal, "Nuclear Energy As A Direct Cause Of Global Warming, Acid Rain, Acid Oceans, Extreme Weather, And Super Storms," A Green Road Journal .com, March 24, http://www.yourdictionary.com/production, TW) |
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+Let's tackle the many ways that nuclear power plants create radioactive pollution, (as |
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+AND |
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+, including those green living things that create oxygen and absorb carbon dioxide. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Subpoint C) Renewable energy can solve for climate change.==== |
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+ |
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+=====Delucchi and Jacobson '11:===== |
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+Delucchi and Jacobson '11 (Mark A, ~~Institute of Transportation Studies, University of California at Davis,~~ Mark Z, ~~Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University,~~ "Providing all global energy with wind, water, and solar power, Part II: Reliability, system and transmission costs, and policies," Energy Policy 39 (2011), pg 1170-1190, https://web.stanford.edu/group/efmh/jacobson/Articles/I/DJEnPolicyPt2.pdf, TW) |
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+A large-scale wind, water, and solar energy system can reliably supply |
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+AND |
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+theory debate |
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+I have limited time to extend answers turns and answer thenc |