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1 +=Native Reservations 1AC =
2 +
3 +
4 +==Framework==
5 +
6 +
7 +====V: Morality====
8 +
9 +
10 +====VC: Endorsing a Native American epistemology====
11 +
12 +
13 +====Role of the Ballot- Vote for the debater that best decolonizes spheres of education or the debater with the best survival strategy for decolonial epistemologies: ====
14 +
15 +
16 +====Unique discussion because it not commonly discussed. We impact turn fairness because the question we should asking is fairness for who. ====
17 +
18 +
19 +
20 +
21 +====Default to Native American Epistemology because alternatives are drowned in bias and create a flawed understanding of the world====
22 +**Hester and Cheney'01 **– Lee Hester and Jim Cheney are philosophical researchers that have looked into indigenous peoples and Native Americans.** **(Lee Hester and Jim Cheney. "Truth and Native American epistemology" 2001. 14 August 2016.)** **
23 +In a series of articles,6 Vine Deloria, Jr has given us a
24 +AND
25 +into the patterns that have so far emerged in one's observations of nature.
26 +
27 +
28 +====Our indigenous orientation of attentiveness is try or die for the environment ====
29 +**Hester and Cheney'01 **– Lee Hester and Jim Cheney are philosophical researchers that have looked into indigenous peoples and Native Americans.** **(Lee Hester and Jim Cheney. "Truth and Native American epistemology" 2001. 14 August 2016.)** **
30 +Making use of J. L. Austin's notion of the performative function of language
31 +AND
32 +that the explicitly ethical projects we set ourselves within these worlds will fail.
33 +
34 +
35 +====Native American epistemologies connect to the individual and the environment. ====
36 +**Zimmerman' 04-**Mary Jane Zimmerman is a Ph.D. at Southern Oregon University. She has studied Native American epistemologies. (Mary Jane Zimmerman. "Being Nature's Mind: Indigenous Ways of Knowing and Planetary Consciousness", www.delvingdeeper.com, 22 March 2004. 14 August 2016.)
37 +In this section I will describe three models of ways of knowing from the Diné
38 +AND
39 +thus the mountain is consciousness and consciousness is the mountain" (297).
40 +
41 +
42 +
43 +
44 +====Utilitarianism disregards respect for the individual and perpetuates societal inequality by evaluating utility as a whole====
45 +**Freeman 94** – Avalon Professor in the Humanities at the University of Pennsylvania, Ph.D. Harvard University, J.D. University of North Carolina (Samuel, "Utilitarianism, Deontology, and the Priority of Right," Philosophy and Public Affairs, Vol. 23, No. 4, Autumn, pp. 313-349, http://www.jstor.org/stable/2265463)
46 +The inclusion of all sentient beings in the calculation of interests severely undermines the force
47 +AND
48 +In no sense do utilitarians seek to give persons equal concern and respect.
49 +
50 +
51 +====Utilitarianism promotes inequity and inherently discriminates against minority like slavery ====
52 +**Odell, 04** – University of Illinois is an Associate Professor of Philosophy (Jack, Ph.D., "On Consequentialist Ethics," Wadsworth, Thomson Learning, Inc., pp. 98-103)
53 +A classic objection to both act and rule utilitarianism has to do with inequity,
54 +AND
55 +year to be sacrificed to the Gods for the welfare of the group.
56 +
57 +
58 +====The only way to preserve individualism is to allow all persons to have the right to own themselves regardless of any negative consequentialist impacts====
59 +**Schroeder 86** – Professor of Law at Duke (Christopher H., Prof of Law at Duke, "Rights Against Risks,", April, Columbia Law Review, pp. 495-562, http://www.jstor.org/pss/1122636)
60 +2. Liberal Theories in the "Rights" Tradition. A second group of
61 +AND
62 +to be the place to look to secure the status of the individual.
63 +
64 +
65 +
66 +
67 +====Plan- Countries should prohibit Nuclear Energy Power plants that are built upon Native Reservations of Indigenous Peoples. ====
68 +
69 +
70 +
71 +
72 +====Governments using Native Land for Nuclear Power dumps have caused environmental problems and environmental racism for indigenous peoples====
73 +Kamps'01 – Kevin Kamps is a writer for the Nuclear Information and Resource Center. He is also a nuclear waste specialist. (Kevin Kamps. "Environmental Racism, Tribal Sovereignty and Nuclear Waste" 15 February 2001. 13 August 2016.)
74 +Nevadans and Utahans living downwind and downstream from nuclear weapons testing, uranium mining,
75 +AND
76 +that struggle for Native American environmental justice against corporate greed and environmental racism.
77 +
78 +
79 +====Multiple countries show the plan solves native lands by stopping harms to the environment. The result of not doing the plan, is genocide. ====
80 +**Broze'16**- Derrick Broze is an activist and journalist. He has a reputation for being an honest and focused journalist.
81 +Obama also opted to end funding for the project in 2009, setting off an
82 +AND
83 +the U.N. Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Genocide."
84 +
85 +
86 +====The current status quo of nuclear power and weapon testing proves colonial domination over Native Americans and has caused societal oppression ====
87 +**MRGI'09**- The Minority Rights Group International focuses on helping minorities that are oppressed and need help in society. (Minority Rights Group International. "United States of America-Native Americans". April 2009. 18 April 2016)
88 +Reservations are used as dumping grounds for toxic or nuclear waste. Lead poisoning,
89 +AND
90 +for Peltier would be a major step forward in USA-Native relations.
91 +
92 +
93 +====Decolonizing academia is good. We have to discuss Native Epistemology in comparison to Western Epistemology. ====
94 +**Gill'99** – Jerry H. Gill is author and editor of over twenty books. He was originally a professor of philosophy at the College of Saint Rose, Albany, New York, he now teaches philosophy at Pima Community College in Tuscan. "Knowledge, Power, and Freedom: Native and Western Epistemological Paradigms" 1999. 18 August 2016.)
95 +The traditional Western definition of knowledge is well focused in Francis Bacon's famous words "
96 +AND
97 +at all. Refinement of the issues can only follow such a beginning.
98 +
99 +
100 +====Only the aff focuses on Indigenous Peoples ====
101 +**Carjuzaa and Ruff'10 – Jioanna Carjuzaa is a Ph.D. in Multicultural, Social and Billingual Foundations at Montana State University. William G. Ruff also works at the University of Montana. (Jioanna Carjuzza and William G. Ruff. "When western epistemology and an indigenous worldview meet: Culturally responsive assessment in practice" January 2010. 18 August 2016.) **
102 +Most students accomplished this standard by writing in a Socratic, direct, concise manner
103 +AND
104 +done, whereas in the Eastern communication style priority is given to relationships.
105 +
106 +
107 +====Decol comes first ====
108 +**Waziyatawin and Yellow Bird'13**- Waziyatawin is a Dakota professor and author. Michael Yellow Bird is a professor in Sociology and Anthropology at North Dakota State University. (Waziyatawin and Michael Yellow Bird. "Unsettling America Decolonization in Theory and Practice" 8 May 2013. 19 August 2016)
109 +As an event, decolonization concerns reaching a level of critical consciousness, an active
110 +AND
111 +staggering increase in the toxicity of the lands, waters, and air.
112 +
113 +
114 +====Decol key for challenging all oppression ====
115 +**Smith'10**- Andrea Lee Smith is an American academic, activist against violence and feminist. Her work focuses on issues of violence against Women of Color, mostly Native American Women. (Andrea Lee Smith. "Native Evangelicalism and the Rearticulation of Mission". 2010. 19 August 2016.)
116 +In Native studies, many scholars propose 'decolonization' as a guiding principle for Native
117 +AND
118 +well- we must "indigenize the academy" and "decolonize methodologies".
119 +
120 +
121 +====The U.S. government is key to stop Native American Oppression ====
122 +**Charbonneau'12-** Louis Charbonneau is a journalist for Reuters. (Louis Charbonneau. "U.S. must heal native peoples' wounds, return lands: U.N." 4 May 2013. 19 August 2016.)
123 +The United States must do more to heal the wounds of indigenous peoples caused by
124 +AND
125 +recommendations on these and other issues in a full report later this year.
EntryDate
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1 +2016-09-10 23:15:58.566
Judge
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1 +Rashed Islam
Opponent
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1 +Harvard Westlake IP
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1 +1
Round
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1 +4
Team
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1 +Chaminade Batta Aff
Title
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1 +1AC - Natives - Loyola - Round 4
Tournament
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1 +Loyola

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