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+====Constructivism is true—moral facts aren't "out there" to be found but linguistic categories created by humans for humans.==== |
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+**Parrish 04 ** |
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+Parrish, Rick. "Derrida's Economy of Violence in Hobbes' Social Contract" Theory and Event 7:4 ~| © 2004 |
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+"For Hobbes truth is a function of logic and language, not of the |
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+AND |
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+regarding whether or not a specific situation fits a commonly-held definition." |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====There is no higher moral purpose for the state—rather, it's a product of contractual necessity==== |
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+**Koch 04** |
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+Andrew M. Koch, "Dionysian Politics: The Anarchist Implications of Nietzsche's Critique of Western Epistemology" I am not Man, I am Dynamite!: Fredriech Nietzsche and the Anarchist Tradition, ed. John Moore |
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+Following his general genealogical methodology, Nietzsche seeks explanations for the existing social and political |
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+AND |
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+and structure. The practice of politics is the application of that illusion. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====That means absolute sovereignty—it's incoherent for the sovereign to be subject to laws because then it wouldn't be sovereign.==== |
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+**Hobbes 68** |
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+Thomas — philosopher, historian, ethicist, geometrician, squarer of the circle — Leviathan, selected variants from the Latin edition of 1668, ed. w/ intro by Edwin Curley, Hackett. p. 213 |
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+XXIX ~~9~~ A fourth opinion repugnant to the nature of a commonwealth is |
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+AND |
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+and so continually without end, to the confusion and dissolution of the commonwealth |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Thus, the standard is consistency with the Hobbesian social contract. This means we must respect sovereign authority.==== |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Additionally:==== |
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+ |
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+ |
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+**====~~1~~ Absolute power is key to avoid the problem of private judgment. Widespread ethical disagreement creates disarray – everyone has a different conception of how political systems should be built and what policies should be passed. Only submission to an absolute sovereign solves, ====** |
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+**Renzo 11** |
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+MASSIMO RENZO STATE LEGITIMACY AND SELF-DEFENCE (Accepted 4 May 2011) |
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+As Gregory Kavka has persuasively argued, there are at least three kinds of reasons |
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+AND |
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+an important sense there can be no justice in the state of nature. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====~~2~~ Prefer political philosophy because it grounds our theories in reality and the political convictions we already hold. That guarantees a starting point and avoids regress==== |
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+**Lloyd 14** |
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+SA Lloyd, moral/political/legal philosopher and Hobbesian expert, "Learning from the History of Political Philosophy" http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/9781118328460.ch30/summary |
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+We can see all four of these roles being carried out in Rawls's political philosophy |
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+AND |
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+of Negro slavery, allow for the progressive evolution of our political culture. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====I content prohibiting nuke power production is inconsistent with sovereign authority.==== |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Sovereign can do whatever it wants, so the aff is at best permissible.==== |
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+**Hobbes 68** |
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+Thomas — philosopher, historian, ethicist, geometrician, squarer of the circle — Leviathan, selected variants from the Latin edition of 1668, ed. w/ intro by Edwin Curley, Hackett. p. 133 |
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+This is absolute power, and summed up in the last words "you shall |
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+AND |
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+which rules are laws; and therefore in him is the legislative power. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Nuclear is key to state power.==== |
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+**MacKenzie and Wajcman 99** ~~Donald MacKenzie and Judy Wajcman, 1999, Open University Press, http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/28638/1/Introductory20essay2028LSERO29.pdf~~ AG |
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+However, the failure of a 'hard' technological determinism does not rule out a |
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+AND |
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+. But the difficulty of the task is not reason for avoiding it. |