Changes for page Cambridge Rindge Sussman Aff
Summary
-
Objects (2 modified, 9 added, 4 removed)
- Caselist.CitesClass[44]
- Caselist.CitesClass[45]
- Caselist.CitesClass[46]
- Caselist.CitesClass[47]
- Caselist.RoundClass[29]
- Caselist.RoundClass[30]
- Caselist.CitesClass[48]
- Caselist.CitesClass[49]
- Caselist.CitesClass[50]
- Caselist.CitesClass[51]
- Caselist.CitesClass[52]
- Caselist.RoundClass[31]
- Caselist.RoundClass[32]
- Caselist.RoundClass[33]
- Caselist.RoundClass[34]
Details
- Caselist.CitesClass[44]
-
- Cites
-
... ... @@ -1,3 +1,0 @@ 1 -I add round reports for rounds against people who don't disclose ~-~- check them. 2 - 3 -Email: ollieqs@gmail.com - EntryDate
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -2017-01-16 03:47:49.0 - Judge
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -all - Opponent
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -all - ParentRound
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -29 - Round
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -1 - Team
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -Cambridge Rindge Sussman Aff - Title
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -0 - email and round reports note - Tournament
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -all
- Caselist.CitesClass[45]
-
- Cites
-
... ... @@ -1,3 +1,0 @@ 1 -Interpretation: Debaters may only read positions that are disclosed before the debate on their NDCA wiki page under their own name with full citations, tags, and first three/last three words. 2 - 3 -Interpretation: Debaters must disclose previously run constructive positions – all cases, off cases and theory arguments – at least 30 minutes before the round on the NDCA wiki or when asked. This means providing proper citations for all evidence including first three and last three words and tags as well as advocacy, standard, and interpretation texts. - EntryDate
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -2017-01-16 03:47:50.0 - Judge
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -all - Opponent
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -all - ParentRound
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -29 - Round
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -1 - Team
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -Cambridge Rindge Sussman Aff - Title
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -0 - disclosure theory - Tournament
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -all
- Caselist.CitesClass[46]
-
- Cites
-
... ... @@ -1,27 +1,0 @@ 1 -The neg can't read a theory shell that indicts potential 1ar extrapolation or shift until after that's occurred. 2 - 3 -If the neg reads a counterplan, they must read carded evidence that explicitly advocates all planks of it. 4 - 5 -If debaters argue that the role of the ballot is to endorse the best method for black-empowerment, they must specify whether we use an ends-based or means-based decision metric. 6 - 7 -If debaters justify competing interpretations, they must specify what their conception of competing interps means, specifically whether we use a norm-setting model or in-round abuse model, whether I need an explicit competitive counter-interp, and whether I can beat their shell on defense alone. 8 - 9 -A very long conjunctive interp against a NIB-y 1nc i dont remember it ask Gillian Zipursky 10 - 11 -The neg can’t read 7 reasons why the resolution is impossible. 12 - 13 -If the neg defines terms of the resolution, they must have a cite for the definition in the speech doc, which must include at least a URL. 14 - 15 -The neg can't read a plan-inclusive counterplan. 16 - 17 -The neg can't reserve the right to trigger presumption in the 2NR. 18 - 19 -The neg can't reserve the right to trigger presumption and turn the aff. 20 - 21 -The neg can't reserve the right to trigger presumption and read a prioris, i.e. arguments they can extend independent of the standard to win the round. 22 - 23 -If the neg reads a kritik of Kant, they must read an explicit advocacy text in the 1NC. 24 - 25 -The neg can't read an NC that says the aff has the burden to prove that it is possible for a state to impose a limitation of qualified immunity and turn the case. 26 - 27 -If the neg reads a kritik, they must specify an alt actor and read a role of the ballot or standard text. - EntryDate
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -2017-01-16 03:47:50.0 - Judge
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -all - Opponent
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -all - ParentRound
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -29 - Round
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -1 - Team
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -Cambridge Rindge Sussman Aff - Title
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -1 - broken interps - Tournament
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -all
- Caselist.CitesClass[47]
-
- EntryDate
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,1 @@ 1 -2017-02-16 21:12:03. 571 +2017-02-16 21:12:03.0
- Caselist.RoundClass[29]
-
- Cites
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -44,45,46 - EntryDate
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -2017-01-16 03:47:48.0 - Judge
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -all - Opponent
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -all - Round
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -1 - Tournament
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -all
- Caselist.RoundClass[30]
-
- Cites
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +47
- Caselist.CitesClass[48]
-
- Cites
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,115 @@ 1 +===Framework=== 2 + 3 + 4 +====The role of the ballot is to endorse the advocacy that best combats structural violence—debate must deal with the concrete reality of oppression.==== 5 +**Curry '14 **(Dr. Tommy J. Curry, "The Cost of a Thing: A Kingian Reformulation of a Living Wage Argument in the 21st Century", Victory Briefs, 2014, FT) 6 +Despite the pronouncement of debate as an activity and intellectual exercise pointing to the real 7 +AND 8 +used to currently justify the living wages in under our contemporary moral parameters. 9 + 10 + 11 +====Engaging the state is key to create change.==== 12 +**Coverstone 5 **~~MBA (Alan, Acting on Activism) 13 +An important concern emerges when Mitchell describes reflexive fiat as a contest strategy capable of 14 +AND 15 +that is a fundamental cause of voter and participatory abstention in America today. 16 + 17 + 18 +====Abandoning policy discussion for epistemological questioning slows action and causes violence.==== 19 +Darryl **Jarvis** (Director of the Research Institute for International Risk and Lecturer in International Relations, The University of Sydney) **2000** "International relations and the challenge of postmodernism" p. 128-9 20 +More is the pity that such irrational and obviously abstruse debate should so occupy us 21 +AND 22 +than those foolish enough to be scholastically excited by abstract and recondite debate? 23 + 24 + 25 +====Criticisms that lack a political strategy re-inscribe existing structures.==== 26 +**Bryant 12** (levi, prof of philosophy at Collins college, Critique of the Academic Left, http://larvalsubjects.wordpress.com/2012/11/11/underpants-gnomes-a-critique-of-the-academic-left/) 27 +The problem as I see it is that this is the worst sort of abstraction 28 +AND 29 +. Instead we prefer to shout and denounce. Good luck with that. 30 + 31 + 32 +====Root cause claims are reductive and create ideological polarization—kills political productivity==== 33 +**Nordhaus and Shellenberger '13** Ted Nordhaus, Michael Shellenberger, "Wicked Polarization: How Prosperity, Democracy, and Experts Divided America," Breakthrough Journal, Issue 3, Winter 2013, http://thebreakthrough.org/index.php/journal/issue-3/wicked-polarization/ 34 +Ultimately, the authors here are after bigger prey than ideological extremism. They have 35 +AND 36 +It is our hope that the essays assembled here will do just that. 37 + 38 + 39 +===Advocacy=== 40 + 41 + 42 +====I defend Resolved: Public colleges and universities in the United States ought not restrict any constitutionally protected speech. I'm open to modifications in CX.==== 43 + 44 + 45 +===Advantage=== 46 + 47 + 48 +====The Alt-right is here to stay—Trump's election and angry whites drive the movement into spiraling radicalization and violence—it's try or die.==== 49 +**Morgan 16** ~~Jonathon Morgan, Founder/CEO New Knowledge, 9-26-2016, "These charts show exactly how racist and radical the alt-right has gotten this year," Washington Post, https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-intersect/wp/2016/09/26/these-charts-show-exactly-how-racist-and-radical-the-alt-right-has-gotten-this-year/~~ AG 50 +Regardless of who triumphs at the ballot box, the biggest winner of this presidential 51 +AND 52 +Christian extremists, because they're fighting a holy war and so are we." 53 + 54 + 55 +====Speech codes create backlash and make it seem like college rights are based on race.==== 56 +**Leonard 93** ~~JAMES LEONARD, (Director of Law Library and Professor of Law, Ohio Northern University Pettit College of Law; B.A. (1975), M.S.L.S. (1980), J.D. (1986), University of North Carolina.), 1993, "Killing with Kindness: Speech Codes in the American University", OHIO NORTHERN UNIVERSITY LAW REVIEW, https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/onulr19andstart_page=759andcollection=journalsandid=771~~ AG 57 +In fact, the effect of the codes will probably be negative. The one 58 +AND 59 +campus that emphasizes differences over shared values is hardly promising and probably doomed. 60 + 61 + 62 +====That energizes the alt-right—white people feel marginalized in colleges, so they radicalize.==== 63 +**Carle 16** ~~Robert Carle, professor of theology at The King's College in Manhattan, 12-22-2016, "How The American Academy Helped Create The Alt-Right", The Federalist, http://thefederalist.com/2016/12/22/american-academy-helped-create-alt-right/~~ AG 64 +But American academics have been slow to acknowledge how dependent the leaders of the alt 65 +AND 66 +in getting dozens of spoof articles published in dozens of leading academic journals. 67 + 68 + 69 +====Universities are key—the alt right knows that the colleges are prime for recruitment.==== 70 +**Harkinson 16** (Josh, reporter @ mother jones, "The Push to Enlist "Alt-Right" Recruits on College Campuses," December 6, 2016, http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2016/12/richard-spencer-alt-right-college-activism//LADI) 71 +How much support is there for the loose-knit coalition of white nationalists and 72 +AND 73 +, Damigo and more than two dozen Identity Evropa members attended Spencer's conference. 74 + 75 + 76 +====Universities push speech codes in the squo, masking censorship under more covert policies.==== 77 +**Downs 1/4** ~~Donald Downs, polsci prof @ UWM, 1-4-2017, "The Good, The Less-Good, And The Path Forward: Thoughts On Fire'S Annual Report," Open Inquiry Project, http://openinquiryproject.org/blog/thoughts-on-fires-annual-report/~~ AG 78 +While many readers will take heart from these encouraging trends regarding the surface meaning of 79 +AND 80 +continue to punish students and faculty members for constitutionally protected speech and expression. 81 + 82 + 83 +====Even if restrictions seem small now, it's a slippery slope to more oppressive limitations.==== 84 +**Leonard 93** ~~JAMES LEONARD, (Director of Law Library and Professor of Law, Ohio Northern University Pettit College of Law; B.A. (1975), M.S.L.S. (1980), J.D. (1986), University of North Carolina.), 1993, "Killing with Kindness: Speech Codes in the American University", OHIO NORTHERN UNIVERSITY LAW REVIEW, https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/onulr19andstart_page=759andcollection=journalsandid=771~~ AG 85 +Proponents of speech restrictions, in contrast, tend to think that the damage done 86 +AND 87 +expression, no matter how well intentioned, opens the door to more limitation 88 + 89 + 90 +====Allowing negative speech is the best solution—brings issues to the surface and good ideas will triumph.==== 91 +**Davidson '16** Alexander(Cal Polytechnic Senior, paper in partial fulfillment of Bachelor of Science in Journalism) The Freedom of Speech in Public Forums on College Campuses: A single site case study on Pushing the Boundaries of Free Speech, June 2016, Accessed 12/4/16 ~~http://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1119andcontext=joursp ~~Premier~~ 92 +Back in 2008, there was an incident that took place at California Polytechnic State 93 +AND 94 +decide which side of the coin they want to land facing the surface. 95 + 96 + 97 +====Speech codes turn racists into martyrs.==== 98 +**Leonard 93** ~~JAMES LEONARD, (Director of Law Library and Professor of Law, Ohio Northern University Pettit College of Law; B.A. (1975), M.S.L.S. (1980), J.D. (1986), University of North Carolina.), 1993, "Killing with Kindness: Speech Codes in the American University", OHIO NORTHERN UNIVERSITY LAW REVIEW, https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/onulr19andstart_page=759andcollection=journalsandid=771~~ AG bracketed for gender 99 +As well as the possibility of backlash, there is a great risk that speech 100 +AND 101 +speech is a risk that we endure as long as the censorship continues. 102 + 103 + 104 +====Lack of free speech re-create the majority/minority divide that means the minority loses out on having their voice heard. Try or die—only the aff has a risk of solving oppressive ideologies.==== 105 +**Cartwright 3** (Will, "Mill on Freedom of Discussion," Richmond Journal of Philosophy 5 (Autumn 2003), http://www.richmond-philosophy.net/rjp/back_issues/rjp5_cartwright.pdf//LADI) 106 +Though freedom of discussion was widely accepted even in Mill's own day, he thinks 107 +AND 108 +balance of risks here makes this argument less persuasive than the other two. 109 + 110 + 111 +====Speech codes are used against minorities, not for them—empirics prove.==== 112 +**ACLU n.d.** ~~American Civil Liberties Union, (for nearly 100 years, the ACLU has been our nation's guardian of liberty, working in courts, legislatures, and communities to defend and preserve the individual rights and liberties that the Constitution and the laws of the United States guarantee everyone in this country), no date, "HATE SPEECH ON CAMPUS", ACLU, https://www.aclu.org/other/hate-speech-campus~~ AG 113 +A: Historically, defamation laws or codes have proven ineffective at best and counter 114 +AND 115 +if we infringe on the rights of any persons, we'll be next." - EntryDate
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +2017-02-16 21:18:25.0 - Judge
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +quiroz, shatzkin - Opponent
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +north crowley lr - ParentRound
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +31 - Round
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +2 - Team
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +Cambridge Rindge Sussman Aff - Title
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +jf - 1ac - alt right v2 - Tournament
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +harvard rr
- Caselist.CitesClass[49]
-
- Cites
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,135 @@ 1 +===Framework=== 2 + 3 + 4 +====The standard is consistency with rule utilitarianism.==== 5 + 6 + 7 +====~~1~~ Intuitions are inescapable.==== 8 +**Huemer** (Michael, UColorado philosopher, http://spot.colorado.edu/~~huemer/5.htm) 9 +Other things being equal, it is reasonable to assume that things are the way 10 +AND 11 +, which are based upon what seems to the skeptic to be true. 12 + 13 + 14 +====And, rule util is most intuitive.==== 15 +**Hooker '08** (Brad, phil prof @ University of Reading, "Rule Consequentialism," SEP, http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/consequentialism-rule/) OS 16 +We have seen that rule-consequentialism evaluates rules on the basis of the expected 17 +AND 18 +well (Urmson 1953; Brandt 1967; Hospers 1972; Hooker 2000). 19 + 20 + 21 +====~~2~~ Moral substitutability is true and only consequentialism explains it.==== 22 +Walter **Sinnott-Armstrong '92** Dartmouth College Philosophical Perspectives, 6, Ethics, AN ARGUMENT FOR CONSEQUENTIALISM 23 +Since general substitutability works for other kinds of reasons for action, we would need 24 +AND 25 +explain moral substitutability if it claims that properties like this provide moral reasons. 26 + 27 + 28 +====~~3~~ Language cannot describe reality, which means a priori knowledge fails.==== 29 +**Conard '07 **(Mark T, prof @ Marmount Manhattan, "Chaos, Order and Morality: Nietzsche's Influence on Full Metal Jacket," The Philosophy of Stanley Kubrick edited by Jerold J. Abrams) 30 +Further, our conscious, rational thought is inseparable from language, and consequently, 31 +AND 32 +that our understanding of the world is based on this falsification of experience. 33 + 34 + 35 +**====~~4~~ **Act util fails—6 warrants.==== 36 +**Chappell on Mackie** "Indirect Utilitarianism" June 11 2005 Philosophy, et cetera http://www.philosophyetc.net/2005/06/indirect-utilitarianism.html 37 +J.L. Mackie (p.91) offers six utilitarian reasons for 38 +AND 39 +that there is no real chance that actions will even approximate to them. 40 + 41 + 42 +====And, act-consequentialism relies on specific circumstances and can't declare a general principle good or bad.==== 43 + 44 + 45 +====I defend whole rez. CX checks. My rule is that colleges granting free speech as a principle is good.==== 46 + 47 + 48 +===Contention 1 – Backlash=== 49 + 50 + 51 +====Restrictions on speech fuel Trump's agenda regardless of the content – his followers adopt radical stances as part of a larger reaction to the feeling that they're being silenced==== 52 +**Nichols 1-3** 53 +Tom Nichols, "How the P.C. Police Propelled Donald Trump," 1-3-16, http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2016/01/04/how-the-p-c-police-propelled-donald-trump.html ~~Premier~~ 54 +These brutish leftist tactics radicalized otherwise more centrist people toward Trump not because they care 55 +AND 56 +, or any other number of labels deployed mostly to extinguish their dissent. 57 + 58 + 59 +====The link is causal – restrictions on college campuses spill over into politics writ large==== 60 +**Tumulty and Johnson 16** 61 +Karen Tumulty and Jenna Johnson, "Why Trump may be winning the war on 'political correctness'" 1-4-16 https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/why-trump-may-be-winning-the-war-on-political-correctness/2016/01/04/098cf832-afda-11e5-b711-1998289ffcea_story.html?utm_term=.db9bc85e5b87 ~~Premier~~ 62 +"Driving powerful sentiments underground is not the same as expunging them," said William 63 +AND 64 +it," Axelrod said. "He creates a permission structure for others." 65 + 66 + 67 +===Contention 2 – Dissent=== 68 + 69 + 70 +====Strong First Amendment protections are key to dissenting voices in academia – feminism, CRT, and anti-Islamophobia are reliant on it==== 71 +**Bernstein '03 ** 72 +(David E. Bernstein is a professor of Law at George Mason University, 2003, "Defending the First Amendment from Antidiscrimination Laws", http://ssrn.com/abstract_id=489063)//SJT 73 +Ironically, protecting freedom of expression from government regulation ultimately will benefit left-wing 74 +AND 75 +is a lesson that academic advocates of censorship would do well to learn. 76 + 77 + 78 +===Contention 3 – Movements=== 79 + 80 + 81 +====Free expression is key to civil rights movements for racial minorities, women, and LGBT folks – campuses are key ==== 82 +**Harris and Ray 14 **Vincent T Harris has an M. Ed. degree and is a doctoral student @ LSU, Darrell C. Ray is a prof @ LSU, HATE SPEECH and THE COLLEGE CAMPUS: CONSIDERATIONS FOR ENTRY LEVEL STUDENT AFFAIRS PRACTITIONERS, Race, Gender and Class 21.1/2 (2014): 185-194. ProQuest. ~~Premier~~ 83 +Down and Cowan (2012) note that Americans who notice the importance of free 84 +AND 85 +and ways in which students feel free to express themselves and their views. 86 + 87 + 88 +====Historically, First Amendment and its principles have helped secure civil rights, fight prejudice, and move to equality – the aff is oriented toward ending racism of all forms but with a different method than censorship==== 89 +**Friedersdorf 15** 90 +Friedersdorf, Conor. (Friedersdorf is a staff writer at The Atlantic, where he focuses on politics and national affairs) "Free Speech Is No Diversion." The Atlantic. Atlantic Media Company, 12 Nov. 2015. Web. 09 Jan. 2017. http://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2015/11/race-and-the-anti-free-speech-diversion/415254/. ~~Premier~~ 91 +Over the course of U.S. history, both the protections enshrined by 92 +AND 93 +assumptions with opposition to or a desire to distract from widely shared ends. 94 + 95 + 96 +===Contention 4 – Hate Speech=== 97 + 98 + 99 +====Hate speech statutes are compatible with the aff==== 100 +**Tsesis 10** 101 +ALEXANDER TSESIS*, prof @ Loyola Chicago Law, Burning Crosses on Campus: University Hate Speech Codes, HeinOnline — 43 Conn. L. Rev. 619 2010-2011, https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/c4c2/a881ffd558d28d2b0d0a738981c7211d85e4.pdf ~~Premier~~ 102 +In Beauharnais, the Court upheld the constitutionality of a group libel statute that rendered 103 +AND 104 +a role in establishing a standard of decency designed to prevent intergroup friction. 105 + 106 + 107 +===Contention 5 – Abuse=== 108 + 109 + 110 +====Speech codes empower white majorities to silence minorities==== 111 +**ACLU 16**: American Civil Liberties Union, "Hate Speech on Campus." Accessed 3 December 2016. https://www.aclu.org/other/hate-speech-campus, WWLD 112 +Historically, defamation laws or codes have proven ineffective at best and counter-productive 113 +AND 114 +if we infringe on the rights of any persons, we'll be next." 115 + 116 + 117 +===Contention 6 – Exposure=== 118 + 119 + 120 +====Banning speech drives the root cause underground and leads to more virulent bigotry==== 121 +**ACLU 16** American Civil Liberties Union, "Hate Speech on Campus." Accessed 3 December 2016. https://www.aclu.org/other/hate-speech-campus, WWLD 122 +Bigoted speech is symptomatic of a huge problem in our country; it is not 123 +AND 124 +institution accomplished nothing in the way of exposing the bankruptcy of racist ideas. 125 + 126 + 127 +===Underview=== 128 + 129 + 130 +====Intrinsicness perms are key to reciprocity.==== 131 +**Mankins 84** 132 +Michael Mankins, University of Kentucky coach, "Broken Beyond Repair Intrinsicness: Theory Headed for Collision" 1984 - Waging War on Poverty WFU Debater's Research Guide 133 +The concept of intrinsicness is grounded in the ideal that the resolution should represent a 134 +AND 135 +the resolution, so too must the negative's disadvantages stem from similar conditions. - EntryDate
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +2017-02-17 15:23:21.0 - Judge
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +patwardhan, castillo - Opponent
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +harrison rp - ParentRound
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +32 - Round
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +5 - Team
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +Cambridge Rindge Sussman Aff - Title
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +jf - 1ac - rule util - Tournament
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +harvard rr
- Caselist.CitesClass[50]
-
- Cites
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,152 @@ 1 +===Framework=== 2 + 3 + 4 +====The standard is consistency with rule utilitarianism.==== 5 + 6 + 7 +====~~1~~ Intuitions are inescapable.==== 8 +**Huemer** (Michael, UColorado philosopher, http://spot.colorado.edu/~~huemer/5.htm) 9 +Other things being equal, it is reasonable to assume that things are the way 10 +AND 11 +, which are based upon what seems to the skeptic to be true. 12 + 13 + 14 +====And, rule util is most intuitive.==== 15 +**Hooker '08** (Brad, phil prof @ University of Reading, "Rule Consequentialism," SEP, http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/consequentialism-rule/) OS 16 +We have seen that rule-consequentialism evaluates rules on the basis of the expected 17 +AND 18 +well (Urmson 1953; Brandt 1967; Hospers 1972; Hooker 2000). 19 + 20 + 21 +**====~~2~~ **Moral substitutability is true and only consequentialism explains it.==== 22 +Walter **Sinnott-Armstrong '92** Dartmouth College Philosophical Perspectives, 6, Ethics, AN ARGUMENT FOR CONSEQUENTIALISM 23 +Since general substitutability works for other kinds of reasons for action, we would need 24 +AND 25 +explain moral substitutability if it claims that properties like this provide moral reasons. 26 + 27 + 28 +====~~3~~ Language cannot describe reality, which means a priori knowledge fails.==== 29 +**Conard '07 **(Mark T, prof @ Marmount Manhattan, "Chaos, Order and Morality: Nietzsche's Influence on Full Metal Jacket," The Philosophy of Stanley Kubrick edited by Jerold J. Abrams) 30 +Further, our conscious, rational thought is inseparable from language, and consequently, 31 +AND 32 +that our understanding of the world is based on this falsification of experience. 33 + 34 + 35 +====~~4~~ Act util fails—6 warrants.==== 36 +**Chappell on Mackie** "Indirect Utilitarianism" June 11 2005 Philosophy, et cetera http://www.philosophyetc.net/2005/06/indirect-utilitarianism.html 37 +J.L. Mackie (p.91) offers six utilitarian reasons for 38 +AND 39 +that there is no real chance that actions will even approximate to them. 40 + 41 + 42 +====I defend whole rez. CX checks. My rule is that colleges granting free speech as a principle is good.==== 43 + 44 + 45 +===Contention 1 – Backlash=== 46 + 47 + 48 +====Restrictions on speech fuel Trump's agenda regardless of the content – his followers adopt radical stances as part of a larger reaction to the feeling that they're being silenced==== 49 +**Nichols 1-3** 50 +Tom Nichols, "How the P.C. Police Propelled Donald Trump," 1-3-16, http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2016/01/04/how-the-p-c-police-propelled-donald-trump.html ~~Premier~~ 51 +These brutish leftist tactics radicalized otherwise more centrist people toward Trump not because they care 52 +AND 53 +, or any other number of labels deployed mostly to extinguish their dissent. 54 + 55 + 56 +====The link is causal – restrictions on college campuses spill over into politics writ large==== 57 +**Tumulty and Johnson 16** 58 +Karen Tumulty and Jenna Johnson, "Why Trump may be winning the war on 'political correctness'" 1-4-16 https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/why-trump-may-be-winning-the-war-on-political-correctness/2016/01/04/098cf832-afda-11e5-b711-1998289ffcea_story.html?utm_term=.db9bc85e5b87 ~~Premier~~ 59 +"Driving powerful sentiments underground is not the same as expunging them," said William 60 +AND 61 +it," Axelrod said. "He creates a permission structure for others." 62 + 63 + 64 +===Contention 2 – Dissent=== 65 + 66 + 67 +====Strong First Amendment protections are key to dissenting voices in academia – feminism, CRT, and anti-Islamophobia are reliant on it==== 68 +**Bernstein '03 ** 69 +(David E. Bernstein is a professor of Law at George Mason University, 2003, "Defending the First Amendment from Antidiscrimination Laws", http://ssrn.com/abstract_id=489063)//SJT 70 +Ironically, protecting freedom of expression from government regulation ultimately will benefit left-wing 71 +AND 72 +is a lesson that academic advocates of censorship would do well to learn. 73 + 74 + 75 +===Contention 3 – Movements=== 76 + 77 + 78 +====Free expression is key to civil rights movements for racial minorities, women, and LGBT folks – campuses are key ==== 79 +**Harris and Ray 14 **Vincent T Harris has an M. Ed. degree and is a doctoral student @ LSU, Darrell C. Ray is a prof @ LSU, HATE SPEECH and THE COLLEGE CAMPUS: CONSIDERATIONS FOR ENTRY LEVEL STUDENT AFFAIRS PRACTITIONERS, Race, Gender and Class 21.1/2 (2014): 185-194. ProQuest. ~~Premier~~ 80 +Down and Cowan (2012) note that Americans who notice the importance of free 81 +AND 82 +and ways in which students feel free to express themselves and their views. 83 + 84 + 85 +====Historically, First Amendment and its principles have helped secure civil rights, fight prejudice, and move to equality – the aff is oriented toward ending racism of all forms but with a different method than censorship==== 86 +**Friedersdorf 15** 87 +Friedersdorf, Conor. (Friedersdorf is a staff writer at The Atlantic, where he focuses on politics and national affairs) "Free Speech Is No Diversion." The Atlantic. Atlantic Media Company, 12 Nov. 2015. Web. 09 Jan. 2017. http://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2015/11/race-and-the-anti-free-speech-diversion/415254/. ~~Premier~~ 88 +Over the course of U.S. history, both the protections enshrined by 89 +AND 90 +assumptions with opposition to or a desire to distract from widely shared ends. 91 + 92 + 93 +===Contention 4 – Hate Speech=== 94 + 95 + 96 +====Hate speech statutes are compatible with the aff==== 97 +**Tsesis 10** 98 +ALEXANDER TSESIS*, prof @ Loyola Chicago Law, Burning Crosses on Campus: University Hate Speech Codes, HeinOnline — 43 Conn. L. Rev. 619 2010-2011, https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/c4c2/a881ffd558d28d2b0d0a738981c7211d85e4.pdf ~~Premier~~ 99 +In Beauharnais, the Court upheld the constitutionality of a group libel statute that rendered 100 +AND 101 +a role in establishing a standard of decency designed to prevent intergroup friction. 102 + 103 + 104 +===Contention 5 – Abuse=== 105 + 106 + 107 +====Speech codes empower white majorities to silence minorities==== 108 +**ACLU 16**: American Civil Liberties Union, "Hate Speech on Campus." Accessed 3 December 2016. https://www.aclu.org/other/hate-speech-campus, WWLD 109 +Historically, defamation laws or codes have proven ineffective at best and counter-productive 110 +AND 111 +if we infringe on the rights of any persons, we'll be next." 112 + 113 + 114 +===Contention 6 – Exposure=== 115 + 116 + 117 +====Banning speech drives the root cause underground and leads to more virulent bigotry==== 118 +**ACLU 16** American Civil Liberties Union, "Hate Speech on Campus." Accessed 3 December 2016. https://www.aclu.org/other/hate-speech-campus, WWLD 119 +Bigoted speech is symptomatic of a huge problem in our country; it is not 120 +AND 121 +institution accomplished nothing in the way of exposing the bankruptcy of racist ideas. 122 + 123 + 124 +===Underview=== 125 + 126 + 127 +====Engaging the state is key to create change.==== 128 +**Coverstone 5 **~~MBA (Alan, Acting on Activism) 129 +An important concern emerges when Mitchell describes reflexive fiat as a contest strategy capable of 130 +AND 131 +that is a fundamental cause of voter and participatory abstention in America today. 132 + 133 + 134 +====Abandoning policy discussion for epistemological questioning slows action and causes violence.==== 135 +Darryl **Jarvis** (Director of the Research Institute for International Risk and Lecturer in International Relations, The University of Sydney) **2000** "International relations and the challenge of postmodernism" p. 128-9 136 +More is the pity that such irrational and obviously abstruse debate should so occupy us 137 +AND 138 +than those foolish enough to be scholastically excited by abstract and recondite debate? 139 + 140 + 141 +====Criticisms that lack a political strategy re-inscribe existing structures.==== 142 +**Bryant 12** (levi, prof of philosophy at Collins college, Critique of the Academic Left, http://larvalsubjects.wordpress.com/2012/11/11/underpants-gnomes-a-critique-of-the-academic-left/) 143 +The problem as I see it is that this is the worst sort of abstraction 144 +AND 145 +. Instead we prefer to shout and denounce. Good luck with that. 146 + 147 + 148 +====Root cause claims are reductive and create ideological polarization—kills political productivity==== 149 +**Nordhaus and Shellenberger '13** Ted Nordhaus, Michael Shellenberger, "Wicked Polarization: How Prosperity, Democracy, and Experts Divided America," Breakthrough Journal, Issue 3, Winter 2013, http://thebreakthrough.org/index.php/journal/issue-3/wicked-polarization/ 150 +Ultimately, the authors here are after bigger prey than ideological extremism. They have 151 +AND 152 +It is our hope that the essays assembled here will do just that. - EntryDate
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +2017-02-19 05:43:00.0 - Judge
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +judy fickess - Opponent
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +evanston es - ParentRound
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +33 - Round
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +3 - Team
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +Cambridge Rindge Sussman Aff - Title
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +jf - 1ac - rule util v2 - Tournament
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +harvard
- Caselist.CitesClass[51]
-
- Cites
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,3 @@ 1 +I add round reports for rounds against people who don't disclose ~-~- check them. 2 + 3 +Email: ollieqs@gmail.com - EntryDate
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +2017-02-21 01:32:16.0 - Judge
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +all - Opponent
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +all - ParentRound
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +34 - Round
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +1 - Team
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +Cambridge Rindge Sussman Aff - Title
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +0 - email and round reports note - Tournament
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +all
- Caselist.CitesClass[52]
-
- Cites
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,3 @@ 1 +Interpretation: Debaters may only read positions that are disclosed before the debate on their NDCA wiki page under their own name with full citations, tags, and first three/last three words. 2 + 3 +Interpretation: Debaters must disclose previously run constructive positions – all cases, off cases and theory arguments – at least 30 minutes before the round on the NDCA wiki or when asked. This means providing proper citations for all evidence including first three and last three words and tags as well as advocacy, standard, and interpretation texts. - EntryDate
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +2017-02-21 01:32:16.513 - Judge
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +all - Opponent
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +all - ParentRound
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +34 - Round
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +1 - Team
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +Cambridge Rindge Sussman Aff - Title
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +0 - disclosure theory - Tournament
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +all
- Caselist.RoundClass[31]
-
- Cites
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +48 - EntryDate
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +2017-02-16 21:18:22.0 - Judge
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +quiroz, shatzkin - Opponent
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +north crowley lr - Round
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +2 - Tournament
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +harvard rr
- Caselist.RoundClass[32]
-
- Cites
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +49 - EntryDate
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +2017-02-17 15:23:19.0 - Judge
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +patwardhan, castillo - Opponent
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +harrison rp - Round
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +5 - Tournament
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +harvard rr
- Caselist.RoundClass[33]
-
- Cites
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +50 - EntryDate
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +2017-02-19 05:42:58.0 - Judge
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +judy fickess - Opponent
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +evanston es - Round
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +3 - Tournament
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +harvard
- Caselist.RoundClass[34]
-
- EntryDate
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +2017-02-21 01:32:14.0 - Judge
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +all - Opponent
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +all - Round
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +1 - Tournament
-
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +all