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+Text: United States or aff actors ought to appoint special independent prosecutors for criminal investigations of police officers. |
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+Simmons 15 |
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+Simmons, Kami Chavis. "Increasing Police Accountability: Restoring Trust and Legitimacy Through the Appointment of Independent Prosecutors." Wash. UJL and Pol'y 49 (2015): 137. Kami Chavis Simmons is a Professor of Law and Director of the Criminal Justice Program at Wake Forest University School of Law. In 2015, she was appointed as a Senior Academic Fellow at the Joint Center for Political And Economic Studies. She has substantial practice experience and writes and teaches in areas related to criminal law, criminal procedure, and criminal justice reform. After receiving her J.D. from Harvard Law School, she worked as an associate at private law firms in Washington, D.C., where she participated in various aspects of civil litigation, white-collar criminal defense, and internal investigations |
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+When there is a death in police custody, many police departments conduct an internal |
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+AND |
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+only states to currently mandate that an independent body investigate these deaths.56 |
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+ |
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+The close relationships of prosecutors and police mean no matter the decision they are criticized. Simmons 12 |
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+Simmons, Kami Chavis. "Increasing Police Accountability: Restoring Trust and Legitimacy Through the Appointment of Independent Prosecutors." Wash. UJL and Pol'y 49 (2015): 137. Kami Chavis Simmons is a Professor of Law and Director of the Criminal Justice Program at Wake Forest University School of Law. In 2015, she was appointed as a Senior Academic Fellow at the Joint Center for Political And Economic Studies. She has substantial practice experience and writes and teaches in areas related to criminal law, criminal procedure, and criminal justice reform. After receiving her J.D. from Harvard Law School, she worked as an associate at private law firms in Washington, D.C., where she participated in various aspects of civil litigation, white-collar criminal defense, and internal investigations |
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+Amid the calls for accountability, recent public outrage reached a fever pitch when officers |
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+AND |
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+in the criminal justice process for both the victims and the police defendants. |
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+ |
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+No solvency mechanism, including civil suits currently exists. Simmons 3 |
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+Simmons, Kami Chavis. "Increasing Police Accountability: Restoring Trust and Legitimacy Through the Appointment of Independent Prosecutors." Wash. UJL and Pol'y 49 (2015): 137. Kami Chavis Simmons is a Professor of Law and Director of the Criminal Justice Program at Wake Forest University School of Law. In 2015, she was appointed as a Senior Academic Fellow at the Joint Center for Political And Economic Studies. She has substantial practice experience and writes and teaches in areas related to criminal law, criminal procedure, and criminal justice reform. After receiving her J.D. from Harvard Law School, she worked as an associate at private law firms in Washington, D.C., where she participated in various aspects of civil litigation, white-collar criminal defense, and internal investigations |
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+Throughout history, numerous remedies aimed at curbing police misconduct and increasing accountability have included |
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+AND |
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+especially the most vulnerable, from the increasingly visible transgressions of the police. |
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+ |
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+Failure to prosecute is at the root of massive injustices in the CJS Simmons 4 |
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+Simmons, Kami Chavis. "Increasing Police Accountability: Restoring Trust and Legitimacy Through the Appointment of Independent Prosecutors." Wash. UJL and Pol'y 49 (2015): 137. Kami Chavis Simmons is a Professor of Law and Director of the Criminal Justice Program at Wake Forest University School of Law. In 2015, she was appointed as a Senior Academic Fellow at the Joint Center for Political And Economic Studies. She has substantial practice experience and writes and teaches in areas related to criminal law, criminal procedure, and criminal justice reform. After receiving her J.D. from Harvard Law School, she worked as an associate at private law firms in Washington, D.C., where she participated in various aspects of civil litigation, white-collar criminal defense, and internal investigations |
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+While all of the methods to address police misconduct have shortcomings, a failure to |
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+AND |
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+only about 35 percent of law enforcement officers were incarcerated for their crimes. |
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+ |
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+This kills community relations Simmons 5 |
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+Simmons, Kami Chavis. "Increasing Police Accountability: Restoring Trust and Legitimacy Through the Appointment of Independent Prosecutors." Wash. UJL and Pol'y 49 (2015): 137. Kami Chavis Simmons is a Professor of Law and Director of the Criminal Justice Program at Wake Forest University School of Law. In 2015, she was appointed as a Senior Academic Fellow at the Joint Center for Political And Economic Studies. She has substantial practice experience and writes and teaches in areas related to criminal law, criminal procedure, and criminal justice reform. After receiving her J.D. from Harvard Law School, she worked as an associate at private law firms in Washington, D.C., where she participated in various aspects of civil litigation, white-collar criminal defense, and internal investigations |
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+Historically, studies have demonstrated shown that when compared with their white counterparts, African |
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+AND |
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+to their perception of biased investigations of such deadly-force incidents.” 49 |
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+ |
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+That means no reporting and an increase of harms to minorities |
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+Lantigua-Williams 16 – Juleyka, staff writer at The Atlantic where she covers criminal justice, 9-28-2016, "Police Brutality Leads to Thousands Fewer Calls to 911," Atlantic, http://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2016/09/police-violence-lowers-911-calls-in-black-neighborhoods/501908/ |
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+Black Americans are less likely to dial 911 immediately following, and for more than |
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+AND |
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+of police violence are layered upon a history of unequal policing in cities.” |