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+Violence is the constitutive condition of any ethico-political order. We cannot escape that violence and participate even in our attempts to control it. |
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+Hagglund ‘06, Martin. 2006. “The Necessity of Discrimination: Disjoining Derrida and Levinas.” diacritics 34 (1): 40–71. |
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+There is no...perpetrating the better. |
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+Analytics |
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+The only way to resolve the inevitable conflict that comes with pluralism is to embrace its inevitability. This requires an agonistic approach, which recognizes that conflict is inevitable, but frames the other as an adversary instead of an enemy in order to create a flourishing deliberative democracy. |
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+Mouffe ‘10, Chantal, political theorist, 7-25-2010, "Chantal Mouffe: Agonistic Democracy and Radical Politics," Pavilion #15, http://pavilionmagazine.org/chantal-mouffe-agonistic-democracy-and-radical-politics/ |
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+One of the...between real alternatives. |
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+Thus, the standard is consistency with the agonistic principle. Prefer: |
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+1. Ethical deduction fails because individuals construct systems of value from their own perspective. This means that ethical systems that create obligations for all people fail. |
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+Parrish, Rick. “Derrida’s Economy of Violence in Hobbes’ Social Contract”. Theory and Event. Volume 7, Issue 4. 2005. |
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+"For Hobbes truth...on individual appetites. |
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+Analytics |
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+2. Agonism is key to different perspectives coexisting in debate, otherwise they artificially privilege one group, which makes it essential to debate. Which means that it is a prerequisite to debate itself. |
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+Campbell and Schoolman ‘08; Campbell, David, and Morton Schoolman. The New Pluralism: William Connolly and the Contemporary Global Condition. Durham: Duke UP, 2008. Print. |
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+Two civic virtues...principle be contestable.” |
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+Analytics |
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+6. Only my framework can truly avoid abstraction—the belief in absolute peace is self-contradictory and justifies absolute violence—they foreclose the possibility of justice in the first place. |
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+Hägglund, Martin. Radical atheism: Derrida and the time of life. Stanford University Press, 2008. Swedish Philosopher, Literary Theorist, scholar of modernist literature, and currently a Junior Fellow in the Harvard Society of Fellows |
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+Consequently, my argument...to possible contestation. (83) |
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+Contention |
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+The principle of free speech in academic spaces affirms each person’s right to make their own decisions instead of being told what to believe by governmental or corporate interests. Its aim is productive contestation instead of agreement. |
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+Butler ‘13, Judith 2-7-2013, "Judith Butler’s Remarks to Brooklyn College on BDS," Nation, https://www.thenation.com/article/judith-butlers-remarks-brooklyn-college-bds/ |
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+The principle of...not the goal. |
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+The neg is counterproductive, censorship of speech harms the safe spaces they are supposed to form by creating backlash. |
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+Honig ‘93, Bonnie. Political Theory and the Displacement of Politics. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1993. Print. |
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+To affirm the...theory of politics. |
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+The struggle for radical democracy must start with pedagogical spaces. |
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+Giroux ‘13, Henry A.; 12-17-2013, "Henry A. Giroux," Truthout, http://www.truth-out.org/news/item/20669-radical-democracy-against-cultures-of-violence |
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+Radical democracy is...future is open. |