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+====A. Interpretation: The affirmative must defend a full-exit scenario, not a phase-out scenario. Bauer '12 clarifies:==== |
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+**Economics of nuclear power and climate change mitigation policies Author(s): Nico Bauer, Robert J. Brecha and Gunnar Luderer Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America , Vol. 109, No. 42 (October 16, 2012), pp. 16805-16810 Published by: National Academy of Sciences Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/41763442 Accessed: 14-08-2016 00:39 UT** |
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+Nuclear policies may result in the switch-off of existing capacities for safety reasons |
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+AND |
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+end to nuclear power, reflecting a skeptical position regarding safety or public acceptability |
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+ |
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+====Macmillan Dictionary defines prohibit:==== |
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+**Macmillan Dictionary www.macmillandictionary.com/us/dictionary/american/prohibit copyright is from 2009 - 2016** |
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+prohibit - definition and synonyms Using the thesaurus VERB ~~TRANSITIVE~~ to officially stop |
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+AND |
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+of alcohol to young people is prohibited by law. prohibited drugs/weapons |
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+ |
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+====B. Violation:==== |
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+====C. Standards:==== |
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+====1. Semantics. A) Prefer my definition of prohibition. Macmillan Dictionary:==== |
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+**"About Macmillan Dictionaries" Macmillan Dictionary No Date www.macmillandictionary.com/us/about.html** |
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+Macmillan is an internationally recognised publisher of encyclopedias, dictionaries and reference works. The |
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+AND |
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+dictionary – a one-stop reference for English speakers around the world. |
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+analytics |
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+====B) A future prohibition is not semantically accurate – the resolution is present-tense. Englishpage:==== |
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+**"Ought To" Part of their "Modal Verb Tutorial" www.englishpage.com/modals/oughtto.html No Date** |
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+"Ought to" is used to advise or make recommendations. "Ought to |
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+AND |
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+risks while skiing. They ought not carry so much cash while traveling. |
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+ |
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+====That implies modal verbs like "ought to" are present-tense unless the statement clarifies otherwise.==== |
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+====Semantics first. analytics |
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+====2. Ground. A) A phase-out and a full-exit have different lit bases – they reflect different perspectives on nuclear energy. Bauer TWO:==== |
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+**Economics of nuclear power and climate change mitigation policies Author(s): Nico Bauer, Robert J. Brecha and Gunnar Luderer Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America , Vol. 109, No. 42 (October 16, 2012), pp. 16805-16810 Published by: National Academy of Sciences Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/41763442 Accessed: 14-08-2016 00:39 UT** |
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+Nuclear policies may result in the switch-off of existing capacities for safety reasons |
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+AND |
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+reflect~~s~~ing a skeptical position regarding safety or public acceptability. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====B) No one claims nuclear energy is perfect. The question is how long we need it for. If the aff can pick any date, that kills neg ground completely.==== |
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+====3. You're effects-topical. You don't even prohibit nuclear energy – you just deny relicensing applications, which has the effect of shutting down plants. Adler '16:==== |
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+**Bernie Sanders wants to phase out nuclear power plants. Is that a good idea? By Ben Adler on Mar 28, 2016 Share grist.org/climate-energy/bernie-sanders-wants-to-phase-out-nuclear-power-plants-is-that-a-good-idea/** |
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+But some enviro wonks say there is a serious defect in Sanders' plan: his |
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+AND |
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+years. Meanwhile, there are plenty of other forces working against nuclear. |
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+analytics |
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+====D. analytics |